CN115536346B - Water-based zero-VOCs micro-nano environmental protection finishing mortar and its preparation method and application - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses water-based zero-VOCs micro-nano environment-friendly facing mortar and a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of environment-friendly low-carbon building materials. The invention discloses a water-based zero VOCs micro-nano environment-friendly facing mortar, which comprises the following components: cement, whole tailings and/or superfine tailings powder with more than 350 meshes, color sand coloring materials, a regulator and a proper amount of water; the regulator comprises methallyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, sulfate, glycerol polyoxyethylene ether, sasanqua saponin and water. The invention adopts the whole tailings without screening or the tailings micro powder with more than 350 meshes to carry out configuration, realizes the whole utilization of the mineral separation tailings, meets the comprehensive absorption requirement of the mineral separation tailings, has excellent mechanical strength, adhesive force, weather resistance and durability, and can be applied to the outer surfaces of various materials; organic resin and VOCs are not used in the facing mortar raw materials, and the facing mortar is environment-friendly and ecologically friendly.

Description

Water-based zero-VOCs micro-nano environmental protection finishing mortar and its preparation method and application

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of environment-friendly low-carbon building materials, and in particular relates to a new water-based zero-VOCs micro-nano environment-friendly facing mortar and its preparation method and application.

Background technique

At present, the methods of resource utilization of mine tailings include firing and forming products such as ceramics and bricks, which require high-temperature fuel for molding, which not only consumes high energy, but also directly or indirectly increases carbon dioxide emissions. Many, subject to the function and transportation distance, the product market demand is not large, and the consumption of whole tailings is limited. Mine tailings are also used in conventional building materials, that is, fine sand is screened out for the production of cement, concrete, aerated blocks, and wet-mixed mortar, but these products are subject to factors such as transportation distance and low market prices, resulting in full tailings The amount of use is not large; there is also a part of the mine tailings that are dried and screened in multiple stages to produce powdery particles of different fineness (mesh numbers) for the production of real stone paint, tile adhesive and paint. However, these products are harmful to tailings. The requirements for sand composition and fineness are strict, and the tedious screening and collection process consumes energy and time, and the dust pollution is large. Especially the fine powder of tailing sand above 350 mesh cannot be used, forming a new huge amount of secondary solid waste pollution.

In general, the main problems of resource utilization of mine tailings in my country are:

(1) Mine tailings need to go through tedious and multi-stage screening to obtain coarse particles for construction sand, 20-200 mesh for real stone paint, 200-350 mesh for tile adhesives and coatings, and fine powder over 350 mesh (accounting for more than 30% of the total tailings) cannot be used, resulting in high separation costs, difficulty in dust control during multi-stage screening and packaging, heavy dust pollution, and low value of the separated fine sand, resulting in resource utilization of mine tailings underutilization;

(2) When the coarse powder between 20 and 350 mesh is used in products such as real stone paint, tile adhesive, and paint, petrochemical raw materials such as volatile organic solvents (VOCs) and synthetic resins need to be used, and the use of ecologically unfriendly VOCs restricts the application Scenarios, consumption of petrochemical raw materials, increased carbon emissions, and harmful substances in the production and construction links are more harmful to the health of workers.

Due to the above reasons, the total amount of resource utilization in relevant industrial and civil fields in my country is less than 20% of the annual increase in ore tailings, which is 60% or even higher than the national requirement for resource utilization of beneficiation tailings. There is still a big gap, and it is urgent to develop new products and technologies that directly use full tailings that do not need screening, so as to realize the large-scale and high-value application of full tailings in mineral processing.

It is worth noting that the large-scale infrastructure construction carried out in my country in the past 20 years has a large demand for infrastructure volume, especially with the improvement of construction quality and residential site quality, the demand for environmental protection requirements and new high-quality building materials and products is increasing day by day . Taking the wall as an example, tiles and paint were the dominant form in the early days. They are not durable and easy to fall off, which not only affects the appearance and protection function, but even accidents of falling tiles hurt people's lives from time to time. In recent years, real stone paint for interior and exterior walls filled with very fine silica sand particles, a large amount of resin binder, and some organic solvents have emerged. Although the texture is closer to the natural appearance, it is relatively firm within a certain period of time, but volatile organic compounds will cause Severe air pollution, its production, construction and subsequent application are harmful to the human body and the environment; when applied on the surface of alkaline substrates such as concrete and cement mortar, the resin is not alkali-resistant and poor weather resistance will accelerate the aging, brittleness, and peeling of real stone paint. Phenomenon, the service life does not meet the long-term requirements; real stone paint fillers need acidic, relatively pure components, fine particles of silica sand with suitable particle size and narrow distribution, resulting in high material costs; in addition, real stone paint usually requires grinding, priming, spraying There are multiple processes of application and topcoat, and the construction is time-consuming and labor-intensive.

Therefore, for walls in the construction field, it is urgent to develop new high-performance facing materials with excellent durability, cost competitiveness, convenient construction, environmental friendliness, aesthetics and protective functions.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a water-based zero-VOCs micro-nano environmental protection finishing mortar, which is configured with full tailings that have not been screened or tailings micropowder above 350 mesh, so as to realize the full utilization of mineral processing tailings, and has excellent Mechanical strength, adhesion, weather resistance and durability, can be applied to various wall surfaces such as metal, inorganic, organic, inorganic/organic composites; no organic resins and VOCs are used in the raw materials of the decorative mortar, which is environmentally friendly and eco-friendly.

In order to achieve the purpose of the present invention, the present invention provides a water-based zero-VOCs micro-nano environmental protection finishing mortar, which is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 150-450 parts of cement, 600-900 parts of mine tailings, colored sand 1-200 parts of coloring material, 2-20 parts of regulator and appropriate amount of water;

The regulator is a polyether compound regulator.

Further, the mine tailings are any one or a combination of full tailings or superfine tailings powder with a mesh size above 350.

Further, the colored sand coloring material is natural mining sand.

Further, in terms of 100 parts by mass, the polyether compound regulator includes: 10-30 parts of methallyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 1-5 parts of sulfate, 0.15-15 parts of glycerol polyoxyethylene ether , Camellia oleifera saponin 0.01～0.1 part and the balance is water.

Further, the molecular weight of the methallyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether is 10,000 to 50,000.

Further, the sulfate is any one of potassium sulfate or sodium sulfate.

The present invention also provides a preparation method of water-based zero-VOCs micro-nano environmental protection finishing mortar, which specifically includes the following steps:

(1) Configuration of polyether compound regulator: Weigh the required mass of methallyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, sulfate, glycerol polyoxyethylene ether, camellia saponin and water, mix well, and set aside.

(2) Weigh the required quality of cement, tailings and colored sand coloring materials for grinding, and set the grinding time to 15-60 minutes. During the grinding and mixing process, the remaining 20-30% of the grinding and mixing time At the same time, add polyether compound regulator and continue grinding to obtain semi-finished products. The fineness modulus of the semi-finished products is 0.3-1.8, preferably 0.5-1.2; The material is in a negative pressure state during the grinding process, the feeding process of the lifting hopper and the material conveying pipeline so that the dust will not overflow.

(3) Stir the above-mentioned semi-finished product with water evenly to obtain the water-based zero-VOCs micro-nano environmental protection finishing mortar.

Further, the mass ratio of the semi-finished product to water is 10: (1-5).

Further, the grinding method is any one of shearing, ball milling and roller milling.

The application method of the water-based zero-VOCs micro-nano environmental protection decorative mortar provided by the present invention is: using a hydraulic or pneumatic drive method, spraying the new environmental protection decorative mortar to the wall surface of concrete, brick or metal through a spray gun or a watering can, and waiting for 1 ~Harden after 3 days to form a strong, weather-resistant and durable wall environmental protection finish.

The present invention has obtained following beneficial effect:

1. The mine tailings used in the present invention can be used without screening, and use the whole tailings and/or the ultra-fine tailings powder above 350 mesh remaining from the processing of existing products as the main raw material to completely meet the comprehensive consumption needs of mine tailings .

2. The present invention uses water as a solvent, assists a small amount of environmentally friendly superplasticizer and biomass source consistency regulator, applies natural coloring materials, does not use volatile and harmful organic solvents, does not use synthetic resins, does not use organic pigments, and has Outstanding eco-friendliness and environmental protection advantages such as non-polluting the environment and reducing carbon emissions.

3. The present invention uses inorganic gelling materials instead of resin binders, which have stronger adhesion and durability, and can be sprayed on various substrates such as metals, inorganics, organics, and inorganic/organic composites, and firmly attached.

4. The negative pressure one-time full mixing process is used in the processing and production link of the present invention, so the production has no dust pollution and low energy consumption.

5. The present invention uses a polyether compound regulator to fully disperse the micron and nanometer-sized silicon oxide, calcium carbonate and other particles contained in the tailings, to provide uniformly distributed seeds for the subsequent hydration process, and to promote the improvement of the micro-nano finish mechanical properties and durability. Methallyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether mainly uses carboxylic acid and sulfonic acid anions to adsorb and disperse cement and tailings particles, and uses its rich alcoholic hydroxyl groups and the aforementioned anionic functional groups to achieve sufficient diffusion in a small amount of water and flow; glycerin polyoxyethylene polyether mainly plays the role of thickening and water retention, preventing the fast evaporation of water and the lack of water on the finish caused by the adsorption by the substrate; sulfate provides an appropriate amount of sulfate radicals to promote calcium in cement and tailings The enrichment of ions and the nucleation and crystal growth of hydraulic cementing substances such as calcium sulfate and calcium silicate; camellia saponin can also promote the formation of stable microbubbles during the stirring process, and improve the constructability and freeze-thaw resistance of facing materials.

Compared with the currently commercialized materials and products, the regulator prepared by the present invention has an excellent function of blending fine powder below 350 mesh in the tailings (conventional mortars cannot use sand materials with more than 10% of fine powder particles below 200 mesh), especially It is to make the facing mortar have the advantages of high strength (the compressive strength of conventional mortar is usually not more than 10MPa, and the flexural strength is not more than 3MPa) and strong constructability. , and make the mortar obtain high strength (flexural and compressive resistance), easy construction (sprayable and brushable) characteristics.

6. The present invention uses full tailings and/or ultra-fine tailings powder of 350 mesh or more as the main raw material to prepare water-based zero-VOCs micro-nano environmental protection wall decoration materials of various colors, and use them on cement walls, brick walls, steel structures, etc. Many indoor and outdoor wall spraying and brushing applications. According to the formula of the present invention, each ton of micro-nano environmental protection wall decoration materials includes tailing sand materials not less than 500 kg, and the total amount of environmental regulators is not more than 20 kg. Seven days after spraying the finished product of the present invention, the surface Mohs hardness is higher than 5; according to ASTMD3170-03, the peeling resistance level is ≥6; the 28-day flexural and compressive strength of the mortar is not less than 5MPa and 22MPa respectively; 150°C Baking for 3 days, unlike real stone paint, tile adhesive and conventional paints become soft or brittle, the hardness is increased by more than 10%, and the adhesion is increased by more than 15%; 320nm ultraviolet radiation has no aging phenomenon; after spraying for 24 hours, 70 ℃ hot water Soaked for 90 days without swelling and peeling off.

7. The water-based zero-VOCs micro-nano environmental protection wall decoration material created by the present invention has non-volatile and toxic organic molecules, and its adhesion is better than that of traditional real stone paint and coatings, and its weather resistance, especially the longer the time, the better its anti-peeling strength and weather resistance. , The service life can be expected to be more than 50 years.

Implementation

The following clearly and completely describes the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

The cement in the embodiment of the present invention is P.O 42.5.

The molecular weight of the methallyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether in the embodiment of the present invention is 35000-50000, which is self-made. The methallyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether can also be a commercially available product, and its molecular weight ranges from 10,000 to 50,000.

The water-based zero-VOCs micro-nano environmental protection finishing mortar of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with specific examples.

Example

Preparation of regulator: Weigh 10 parts of methallyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 5 parts of sodium sulfate, 15 parts of glycerin polyoxyethylene ether, 0.1 part of camellia saponin and 69.9 parts of water, and mix them evenly.

Preparation of light blue water-based zero-VOCs micro-nano environmental protection finishing mortar:

Weigh 150 parts of cement, 900 parts of gold mine tailings, and 1 part of blue natural colored sand. After ball milling and mixing for 42 minutes, add 20 parts of regulator. After ball milling and mixing for 18 minutes, a new environmental protection finish with zero VOCs micro-nano is obtained. Semi-finished product: take 10 parts of semi-finished product and 1 part of water and stir evenly to obtain the finished product.

Application: Put the above finished product into a 4-liter watering can, connect the 1P air compressor, and spray the finished product to the concrete wall.

Performance testing:

After placing the finishing mortar sprayed onto the concrete wall for 7 days, an environmentally friendly light blue finishing layer for the concrete wall with a surface Mohs hardness of 5.5 and an anti-stripping strength of 7 was formed.

The flexural and compressive strengths were 5.7MPa and 22.5MPa, respectively, measured by using plastic sand molds and standard curing for 28 days; take the concrete blocks sprayed with a light blue finish layer for 28 days and put them in the muffle furnace for 150 After baking at ℃ for 72 hours, the hardness and adhesion increased by 27.3% and 28.3% respectively; the samples were exposed to 320nm ultraviolet radiation for 6 months without aging phenomenon; after spraying for 24 hours, the samples were soaked in 70℃ hot water for 90 days without swelling and peeling.

Example

Preparation of regulator: Weigh 30 parts of methallyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 1 part of sodium sulfate, 0.15 part of glycerin polyoxyethylene ether, 0.01 part of camellia saponin, and 68.84 parts of water, and mix them evenly.

Preparation of beige water-based zero-VOCs micro-nano environmental protection finishing mortar:

Weigh 450 parts of cement, 600 parts of iron ore tailings superfine powder above 350 mesh, and 200 parts of beige natural colored sand. After mixing by ball mill for 12 minutes, add 15 parts of regulator, and after ball milling for 5 minutes, zero VOCs micro-nano New environmental protection finish semi-finished products. Take 10 parts of the semi-finished product and 3.5 parts of water and mix evenly to obtain a beige water-based zero-VOCs micro-nano new environmental protection finished product.

Application: Put the above finished product into a 4-liter watering can, connect a 1.5P air compressor, and spray the finished product on the wall of the aerated brick.

Performance testing:

After placing the above-mentioned finishing mortar sprayed on the air brick wall for 7 days, an environmentally friendly beige finishing layer of the aerated brick wall with a surface Mohs hardness of 6 and an anti-stripping strength of 8 was formed.

The flexural and compressive strengths were measured to be 6.5MPa and 27.1MPa respectively by using plastic sand molds and standard curing for 28 days; take the aerated bricks with standard curing for 28 days and sprayed with a beige facing layer in the muffle furnace After baking at 150°C for 72 hours, the hardness and adhesion increased by 16.6% and 21.2% respectively; the sample was exposed to 320nm ultraviolet radiation for 6 months without aging phenomenon; after spraying for 24 hours, the sample was soaked in 70°C hot water for 90 days without swelling and peeling.

Example

Preparation of regulator: Weigh 18 parts of methallyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 3 parts of potassium sulfate, 10 parts of glycerin polyoxyethylene ether, 0.05 part of camellia saponin, and 68.95 parts of water, and mix them evenly.

Preparation of green water-based zero-VOCs micro-nano environmental protection finishing mortar:

Weigh 300 parts of cement, 600 parts of copper ore tailings, 200 parts of superfine powder of copper mine tailings above 350 mesh, and 100 parts of grass-green natural colored sand. After mixing by ball mill for 27 minutes, add 9 parts of regulator and ball mill for 10 minutes. Minutes later, a semi-finished product with zero VOCs micro-nano environmental protection finish can be obtained. Take 10 parts of the semi-finished product and 2 parts of water and mix evenly to obtain a green water-based zero-VOCs micro-nano new environmental protection finished product.

Application: Put the above finished product into a 4-liter watering can, connect a 1.5P air compressor, and spray the finished product on the steel structure wall.

Performance testing:

After the above-mentioned finishing mortar sprayed on the steel structure wall is left for 7 days, an environmentally friendly green finishing layer of the steel structure wall with a surface Mohs hardness of 6.5 and an anti-peeling strength of 7 is formed.

The flexural and compressive strengths were 7.2MPa and 26.3MPa respectively measured by plastic sand molding and standard curing for 28 days; take the steel structure plate with 28 days of standard curing and sprayed with a green finish layer in a muffle furnace at 150°C After baking for 72 hours, the hardness and adhesion increased by 21.7% and 23.9% respectively; the sample was exposed to 320nm ultraviolet radiation for 6 months without aging; after 24 hours of spraying, the sample was soaked in 70°C hot water for 90 days without swelling and peeling.

Example

Preparation of regulator: Weigh 12 parts of methallyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 2 parts of potassium sulfate, 5 parts of glycerin polyoxyethylene ether, 0.07 part of camellia saponin, and 80.93 parts of water, and mix them evenly.

Preparation of red water-based zero-VOCs micro-nano environmental protection finishing mortar:

Weigh 280 parts of cement, 500 parts of tungsten ore tailings, 220 parts of superfine powder of tungsten ore tailings above 350 mesh, and 120 parts of Chinese red natural colored sand. After mixing by ball mill for 20 minutes, add 18 parts of regulator and ball mill for 10 Minutes later, a semi-finished product with zero VOCs micro-nano environmental protection finish can be obtained. Take 10 parts of the semi-finished product and 3 parts of water and mix evenly to obtain a red water-based zero-VOCs micro-nano new environmental protection finished product.

Application: Put the above-mentioned finished product into a 4-liter watering can, connect it to a 1.5P air compressor, and spray the finished product onto the unburned brick structure wall.

Performance testing:

After the above-mentioned finishing mortar sprayed on the unburned brick structure wall was left for 7 days, an environmentally friendly red finish layer of unburned brick structure wall with a surface Mohs hardness of 5.1 and an anti-stripping strength of 6 was formed.

The flexural and compressive strengths were 5.2MPa and 22.3MPa respectively measured by using plastic sand molds and standard curing for 28 days; unfired bricks sprayed with a red finish layer were taken in a muffle furnace for 28 days and placed in a muffle furnace for 150 After baking at ℃ for 72 hours, the hardness and adhesion increased by 17.5% and 20.3% respectively; the samples were exposed to 320nm ultraviolet radiation for 6 months without aging phenomenon; after spraying for 24 hours, samples were soaked in 70℃ hot water for 90 days without swelling and peeling.

Example

Preparation of regulator: Weigh 23 parts of methallyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 3 parts of sodium sulfate, 8 parts of glycerol polyoxyethylene ether, 0.03 part of camellia saponin, and 65.97 parts of water to prepare 100 parts of regulator.

Preparation of orange water-based zero-VOCs micro-nano environmental protection finishing mortar:

Weigh 245 parts of cement, 550 parts of lead-zinc ore tailings, 300 parts of lead-zinc ore tailings superfine powder over 350 mesh, and 180 parts of orange natural colored sand. After mixing by ball mill for 30 minutes, add 12 parts of regulator and ball mill to mix. After 12 minutes, the semi-finished product with zero VOCs micro-nano environmental protection finish is obtained. Take 10 parts of semi-finished products and 1.5 parts of water and stir evenly to obtain an orange water-based zero-VOCs micro-nano new environmental protection finished product.

Application: Put the above-mentioned finished product into a 4-liter watering can, connect a 1.5P air compressor, and spray the finished product on the bare iron structure wall of the board room.

Performance testing:

After the above-mentioned finishing mortar sprayed on the bare surface structure wall of the board room was left for 7 days, an environmentally friendly orange finish layer of the bare iron structure wall of the board house with a surface Mohs hardness of 7.2 and a peel strength of 7 was formed.

The flexural and compressive strengths were measured to be 6.3MPa and 23.9MPa respectively by plastic sand molding and standard maintenance for 28 days; take the iron panel of the board house that was sprayed with an orange finish layer for 28 days and put it in the muffle furnace for 150 After baking at ℃ for 72 hours, the hardness and adhesion increased by 18.9% and 27.7% respectively; the samples were exposed to 320nm ultraviolet radiation for 6 months without aging phenomenon; after spraying for 24 hours, samples were soaked in 70℃ hot water for 90 days without swelling and peeling.

Comparative example 1

Compared with Example 5, only traditional polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is used as a regulator, and the preparation of the finished orange plaster mortar is as follows:

Weigh 245 parts of cement, 550 parts of lead-zinc ore tailings, 300 parts of lead-zinc ore tailings superfine powder with a mesh size of 350 or more, and 180 parts of orange natural colored sand. After mixing for 30 minutes by ball mill, add 12 parts of PVA regulator, After 12 minutes of mixing, apply the semi-finished product. Take 10 parts of the semi-finished product and mix it with an appropriate amount of water until it reaches a state similar to that in Example 5, and then obtain the finished orange plastering mortar.

Application: Put the above-mentioned finished product into a 4-liter watering can, connect a 1.5P air compressor, and spray the finished product on the bare iron structure wall of the board room.

Performance testing:

After the above-mentioned finishing mortar sprayed on the bare surface structure wall of the prefabricated house was left for 7 days, the surface Mohs hardness was only 4.1, and the anti-peeling strength was 5.5.

The flexural and compressive strengths were 3.3MPa and 15.2MPa respectively measured by using plastic sand molds and standard curing for 28 days; take the iron panels of the board house with 28 days of standard curing and sprayed with an orange finish layer in the muffle furnace for 150 After baking at ℃ for 72 hours, the hardness and adhesion decreased by 27.3% and 35.6% respectively; the sample was exposed to 320nm ultraviolet radiation for 3 months, aging and brittle phenomenon appeared, and it began to fall off after 6 months of irradiation; after spraying for 24 hours, take a sample of 70 ℃ hot water After soaking for 20 days, the phenomenon of swelling and peeling will appear.

The technical features of the above-mentioned embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-mentioned embodiments are not described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, all It should be regarded as the scope described in this specification.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation modes of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but should not be construed as limiting the patent scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A water-based zero-VOCs micro-nano environmental protection finishing mortar, characterized in that it is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 150-450 parts of cement, 600-900 parts of mine tailings, 1-900 parts of colored sand coloring material 200 parts, 2-20 parts of regulator and appropriate amount of water; The mine tailings are any one or a combination of full tailings or superfine tailings powder with a mesh size of 350 or more; The regulator is a polyether composite regulator; Based on 100 parts by mass, the polyether compound regulator includes: 10-30 parts of methallyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 1-5 parts of sulfate, 0.15-15 parts of glycerin polyoxyethylene ether, camellia saponin 0.01 to 0.1 parts and the balance are water. 2. The water-based zero-VOCs micro-nano environmental protection finishing mortar according to claim 1, wherein the colored sand coloring material is natural sand mining. 3. The water-based zero-VOCs micro-nano environmental protection finishing mortar according to claim 1, wherein the molecular weight of the methallyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether is 10,000 to 50,000. 4. The water-based zero-VOCs micro-nano environmental protection facing mortar according to claim 1, wherein the sulfate is any one of potassium sulfate or sodium sulfate. 5. The preparation method of the water-based zero-VOCs micro-nano environmental protection facing mortar as claimed in any one of claims 1-4, it is characterized in that, specifically comprises the following steps: (1) Configuration of polyether compound regulator: Weigh the required quality of methallyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, sulfate, glycerol polyoxyethylene ether, camellia saponin and water, mix well, and set aside; (2) Weigh the required quality of cement, tailings and colored sand coloring materials for grinding, and set the grinding time to 15-60 minutes. During the grinding and mixing process, the remaining 20-30% of the grinding and mixing time , add polyether compound regulator, and continue grinding to obtain semi-finished products; (3) Stir the above-mentioned semi-finished product with water evenly to obtain the water-based zero-VOCs micro-nano environmental protection finishing mortar. 6. The method for preparing water-based zero-VOCs micro-nano environmental protection facing mortar according to claim 5, characterized in that the mass ratio of the semi-finished product to water is 10: (1-5). 7. The preparation method of water-based zero-VOCs micro-nano environmental protection facing mortar according to claim 5, characterized in that, the grinding method is any one of shearing, ball milling and roller milling. 8. The application of water-based zero-VOCs micro-nano environmental protection finishing mortar as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that it is driven by hydraulic pressure or air pressure, sprayed onto the wall, and hardened after 1 to 3 days.