CN114850675B - Laser welding method for 1000 MPa-grade cold-rolled high-strength steel hot-rolled substrate - Google Patents
Laser welding method for 1000 MPa-grade cold-rolled high-strength steel hot-rolled substrate Download PDFInfo
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- CN114850675B CN114850675B CN202210590716.6A CN202210590716A CN114850675B CN 114850675 B CN114850675 B CN 114850675B CN 202210590716 A CN202210590716 A CN 202210590716A CN 114850675 B CN114850675 B CN 114850675B
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 143
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 18
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 3
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- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
- B23K26/24—Seam welding
- B23K26/26—Seam welding of rectilinear seams
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/60—Preliminary treatment
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Metal Rolling (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a laser welding method of a 1000MPa grade cold-rolled high-strength steel hot-rolled substrate, wherein strip steel is produced by an acid rolling combination unit, and when the tail part of a front coil strip steel and the head part of a rear coil strip steel are subjected to laser butt welding, the laser welding process parameters are as follows: the heat temperature before welding is 350-550 ℃ and the heating time is 3-4 s; the laser power is 11-12 kW; the welding speed is 2.6-3.4 m/min; the heat temperature after welding is 460-580 ℃, the heating time is 3-4 s, and then the welding is cooled along with the environment. According to the invention, the welding performance transition stability is improved by controlling the laser welding and front and rear induction heating process parameters, and the welding can be completed without other auxiliary equipment and special welding environments, so that the production process is simplified, and the production cost is reduced. After the laser welding method is adopted, the welding seam meets the requirement of stable production of continuous belts of a 1000 MPa-level automobile high-strength steel acid rolling mill set.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of welding, in particular to a laser welding method for a 1000 MPa-level cold-rolled high-strength steel hot-rolled substrate.
Background
In order to ensure continuous production, high-quality and high-efficiency welding is required for hot-rolled base plates. The 1000MPa grade cold-rolled high-strength steel is characterized by higher carbon equivalent and the like, and the problems of poor weld quality, poor weld and parent metal performance and the like are easily generated after welding, so that the phenomenon of weld breakage is generated when plastic deformation (such as withdrawal straightening and cold rolling processes) occurs, and the high-efficiency and stable production of an acid-rolling combined unit is not facilitated.
The laser welding gradually replaces the traditional flash welding to become the preferred welding mode of the acid-rolling combined unit due to the characteristics of high welding speed, large depth-to-width ratio, high power density, simple equipment and the like. At present, the research on the laser welding process is mainly focused on the aspect of product application, the welding research on the high-strength steel hot rolled base plate is less, and meanwhile, the broken strip of the welding seam is also a key factor for restricting the improvement of the production efficiency of the acid-rolling combined unit, so that the selection of a proper laser welding process has great significance on the efficient and stable production of 1000 MPa-grade cold-rolled high-strength steel.
Chinese patent application publication No. CN 112404129a discloses a "welding method of a hot rolled steel sheet for automobiles", comprising the steps of: splicing and fixing the first steel plate and the second steel plate, and then welding the spliced part by adopting laser welding equipment; the tensile strength of the first steel plate is sigma 1, the tensile strength of the second steel plate is sigma 2, and sigma 1/sigma 2 is larger than 2. The specific technological parameters are as follows: the laser power is 1000-6000W, the welding speed is 5-10 m/min, the defocusing amount is-10- +10mm, and the spot diameter is 0.20-1.0 mm; the welding is performed under an inert gas. According to the technical scheme, the low-strength steel plate and the high-strength steel plate are used for laser welding, so that the alloying degree of a welding seam is reduced, the formation of high-hardness martensite in the welding seam is inhibited, the problem of belt breakage of acid rolling is solved, the whole process is carried out in inert gas, the performance proportion of front and rear coils is controlled in industrial production, and the production cost and the process complexity are improved.
The Chinese patent publication No. CN101362255B discloses a method for controlling the hardness of a low-alloy high-strength steel laser composite weld joint, which is characterized in that a consumable electrode arc is arranged in front of a laser focus along the welding direction, the distance between the consumable electrode arc and the laser focus is controlled, so that photoinduced plasma of laser and the consumable electrode arc plasma keep interaction to form a molten pool together, the molten pool is shallow in a consumable electrode arc covering area and deep in a photoinduced plasma area; the non-consumable electrode arc is arranged behind the laser focus along the welding direction, and the distance between the non-consumable electrode arc and the laser focus is controlled, so that the photoinduced plasma and the non-consumable electrode arc plasma have no obvious interaction, and meanwhile, the non-consumable electrode arc maintains stable combustion under the assistance of the photoinduced plasma. The invention improves the absorption capacity of the workpiece to laser power, improves the bridging capacity of laser welding, reduces the cooling speed of the welding seam and the microhardness of the joint, and improves the mechanical property of the welding seam. However, in the application process, a consumable electrode arc device and a non-consumable electrode arc device are still required to be added, so that the production cost is increased, and meanwhile, the process stability is difficult to ensure.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a laser welding method for a 1000 MPa-grade cold-rolled high-strength steel hot-rolled substrate, which improves the transient stability of the weld performance by controlling the technological parameters of laser welding and front-back induction heating, can finish welding without other auxiliary equipment and special welding environments, simplifies the production process and reduces the production cost. After the laser welding method is adopted, the welding seam meets the requirement of stable production of continuous belts of a 1000 MPa-level automobile high-strength steel acid rolling mill set.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a laser welding method of 1000MPa grade cold-rolled high-strength steel hot-rolled base plate comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 0.24 to 0.28 percent of C, 1.40 to 1.60 percent of Si, 2.40 to 2.50 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.020 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.0050 percent of S, and the balance of Fe and other unavoidable impurities; when the tail part of the front coiled strip steel and the head part of the rear coiled strip steel are subjected to laser butt welding by adopting an acid rolling combined unit, the laser welding process parameters are as follows:
the heating temperature before welding is 350-550 ℃ and the heating time is 3-4 s; the laser power is 11-12 kW; the welding speed is 2.6-3.4 m/min; the heat temperature after welding is 460-580 ℃, the heating time is 3-4 s, and then the welding is cooled along with the environment.
The width of the hot rolled base plate is 900-1200 mm, and the thickness is 2.8-4 mm.
The laser welding process comprises the following steps: pressing the tail part of the front rolled strip steel and the head part of the rear rolled strip steel into an arc section through a pinch roll of a welding machine, and then positioning and centering; cutting the front coiled strip steel and the rear coiled strip steel which are centered by adopting double cutting scissors in a head-tail manner, punching one side of the tail part of the front coiled strip steel, clamping the strip steel by a clamping guide plate, and starting a shielding gas to blow when a welding wheel and a rolling wheel of a welding machine fall; when the laser welder moves from the operation side to the transmission side, the pre-welding heat device and the post-welding heat device synchronously move to realize butt welding of the strip steel in a matched mode.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The invention adopts laser welding and heat treatment before and after welding, avoids the defect of flash welding, reduces the production cost and the complexity of procedures, greatly improves the production speed and the quality of welding seams, and can smoothly pass through the withdrawal straightening and cold rolling procedures, thereby realizing the purpose of high-efficiency stable production of 1000 MPa-level cold-rolled high-strength steel.
(2) The welding seam obtained by the laser welding method has the advantages that the phenomenon of cracking along the welding seam does not occur in the cup bulge test, the cracking positions are all in the base material region after the stretching test, the mechanical property transition effect of the welding seam and the base material is good, the hardness of the welding seam region is lower than 380HV, the hardness difference between the welding seam region and the base material region is about 120-150 HV, the belt breakage condition caused by the quality of the welding seam does not occur after the tension-straightening and rolling processes, and the production requirements of enterprises are met.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a metallographic photograph of a weld structure in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a weld hardness profile of an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention relates to a laser welding method of a 1000 MPa-grade cold-rolled high-strength steel hot-rolled substrate, which comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 0.24 to 0.28 percent of C, 1.40 to 1.60 percent of Si, 2.40 to 2.50 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.020 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.0050 percent of S, and the balance of Fe and other unavoidable impurities; when the tail part of the front coiled strip steel and the head part of the rear coiled strip steel are subjected to laser butt welding by adopting an acid rolling combined unit, the laser welding process parameters are as follows:
the heating temperature before welding is 350-550 ℃ and the heating time is 3-4 s; the laser power is 11-12 kW; the welding speed is 2.6-3.4 m/min; the heat temperature after welding is 460-580 ℃, the heating time is 3-4 s, and then the welding is cooled along with the environment.
The width of the hot rolled base plate is 900-1200 mm, and the thickness is 2.8-4 mm.
The laser welding process comprises the following steps: pressing the tail part of the front rolled strip steel and the head part of the rear rolled strip steel into an arc section through a pinch roll of a welding machine, and then positioning and centering; cutting the front coiled strip steel and the rear coiled strip steel which are centered by adopting double cutting scissors in a head-tail manner, punching one side of the tail part of the front coiled strip steel, clamping the strip steel by a clamping guide plate, and starting a shielding gas to blow when a welding wheel and a rolling wheel of a welding machine fall; when the laser welder moves from the operation side to the transmission side, the pre-welding heat device and the post-welding heat device synchronously move to realize butt welding of the strip steel in a matched mode.
In the acid rolling combination unit, the basic principle of the hot rolled base plate welding process design is to avoid strip breakage in the withdrawal straightening and cold rolling process, and the realization mode is to reduce the hardness difference between the two by improving the mechanical property transition effect of the welding line and the base material so as to improve the integral plastic deformation capacity and ensure the quality of the welding line, thereby smoothly passing through the withdrawal straightening of the small deformation of the withdrawal straightening descaling machine and the large deformation rolling of the cold rolling unit.
The invention relates to a laser welding method for a 1000 MPa-grade cold-rolled high-strength steel hot-rolled substrate, which is designed for the following reasons:
laser power: the laser power determines the heat input efficiency in the welding process, the lower laser power can cause poor penetration of a welding line, the front and back of the welding line have larger difference, and stress concentration is easy to generate in the subsequent plastic deformation process to cause material failure; too high laser power causes expansion of the weld heat affected zone and energy waste, while the upper limit of laser power also depends on the design capability of the laser welder itself. In order to ensure the penetration of 1000MPa grade cold-rolled high-strength steel hot-rolled base plate, the invention limits the laser power to 11-12 kW.
Welding speed: the welding speed and the laser power affect the heat input quantity together and directly affect the quality of a welding line, and the too low welding speed can enlarge a heat affected zone of the welding line and is not beneficial to control of the production rhythm; when the welding speed is too high, the welding permeability of the welding seam is influenced, and meanwhile, the cooling rate of the welding seam is increased in a phase-changing manner, so that the structure for improving the plastic deformation capability is not beneficial to generation. In order to ensure the penetration and plastic deformation capability of the welding seam of the 1000 MPa-grade cold-rolled high-strength steel hot-rolled substrate, the welding speed is limited to be 2.6-3.4 m/min.
Heat temperature before welding: preheating is one of the most commonly used methods for preventing hydrogen induced cracking in welding. The heat temperature and the heating time before welding can be obviously increased by t8/3 and t100, so that the escape of hydrogen is facilitated, and the stress concentration of a joint can be reduced; due to the localized heating during welding, excessive pre-weld heat temperatures will result in additional stress concentrations in the heat affected zone. In order to reduce the stress concentration of the welding line of the 1000MPa grade cold-rolled high-strength steel hot-rolled substrate, the invention controls the heat temperature before welding to 350-550 ℃ and the heating time to 3-4 s.
Post-weld heat temperature: the thermal temperature and the heating time after welding are key factors for controlling the cooling speed of the welding seam, the reasonable cooling speed of the welding seam can control the structure near the welding seam, the mechanical property transition effect and the integral plastic deformation capability of the welding seam and the base metal are finally improved, and the stress concentration near the welding seam is relaxed. By combining the phase change characteristic of 1000MPa grade cold rolled high strength steel and the actual cooling rate of the welding seam, the invention controls the post-welding heat temperature to 460-580 ℃ and the heating time to 3-4 s.
The tail part of the front rolled strip steel and the head part of the rear rolled strip steel are pressed into an arc section by a pinch roll of a welding machine, even if a small bending section is formed at the corresponding part, the purpose is to provide allowance for strip steel shearing or re-welding.
The following examples are given by way of illustration of detailed embodiments and specific procedures based on the technical scheme of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
[ example ]
In this example, the chemical composition of the steel strip is shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 chemical composition of strip steel
The theoretical calculation of the carbon equivalent and the cold crack sensitivity coefficient shows that the steel grade has a larger risk of hardening and generating cold cracks in the weld zone (the carbon equivalent and the crack sensitivity coefficient are respectively 0.61% and 0.41 as calculated in the example 1).
And (3) specification of strip steel: 2.80mm (thickness). Times.1056 mm (width).
The strip steel is produced by an acid rolling combined unit, and during laser butt welding, the tail part of the front rolled strip steel and the head part of the rear rolled strip steel are sheared by double shearing shears so as to ensure the end face quality of a welded joint, and a clamping guide plate falls down to clamp the strip steel during welding so as to ensure the flatness of a welding section.
The laser welding process parameters are shown in table 2.
Table 2 laser welding process parameters
The strip steel produced by the welding process has good weld quality after cold rolling procedures of bending and large deformation of a withdrawal and straightening scale breaker and a plurality of tension rollers, and no weld breakage phenomenon exists. The mechanical property transition effect of the welding seam and the base metal is good, the hardness of the welding seam area is lower than 380HV, and the hardness difference between the welding seam area and the base metal area is about 120 to 140HV.
FIG. 1 shows a golden phase diagram of a weld structure of example 1, with good weld plumpness and no obvious weld defects. FIG. 2 shows the weld zone hardness distribution for each example, with a peak weld zone hardness of less than 380HV and a small difference from the parent material zone hardness of about 140HV.
As can be seen from the above embodiments, the welding process of the present invention can produce 1000MPa grade cold rolled high strength steel hot rolled base plate with good weld quality, good mechanical property transition effect of the weld and base material, no strip breakage phenomenon in cold rolling production, and meeting the production requirements of enterprises.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical scheme of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A laser welding method of a 1000 MPa-grade cold-rolled high-strength steel hot-rolled substrate is characterized in that the chemical components of strip steel are as follows by mass percent: 0.24 to 0.28 percent of C, 1.40 to 1.60 percent of Si, 2.40 to 2.50 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.020 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.0050 percent of S, and the balance of Fe and other unavoidable impurities; the width of the hot rolled substrate is 900-1200 mm, and the thickness is 2.8-4 mm; when the tail part of the front coiled strip steel and the head part of the rear coiled strip steel are subjected to laser butt welding by adopting an acid rolling combined unit, the laser welding process parameters are as follows: the heating temperature before welding is 350-550 ℃ and the heating time is 3-4 s; the laser power is 11-12 kW; the welding speed is 2.6-3.4 m/min; the heat temperature after welding is 460-580 ℃, the heating time is 3-4 s, and then the welding is cooled along with the environment;
the laser welding process comprises the following steps: pressing the tail part of the front rolled strip steel and the head part of the rear rolled strip steel into an arc section through a pinch roll of a welding machine, and then positioning and centering; cutting the front coiled strip steel and the rear coiled strip steel which are centered by adopting double cutting scissors in a head-tail manner, punching one side of the tail part of the front coiled strip steel, clamping the strip steel by a clamping guide plate, and starting a shielding gas to blow when a welding wheel and a rolling wheel of a welding machine fall; when the laser welder moves from the operation side to the transmission side, the pre-welding heat device and the post-welding heat device synchronously move to realize butt welding of the strip steel in a matched mode.
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| CN202210590716.6A CN114850675B (en) | 2022-05-27 | 2022-05-27 | Laser welding method for 1000 MPa-grade cold-rolled high-strength steel hot-rolled substrate |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102162574A (en) * | 2011-03-31 | 2011-08-24 | 山东建筑大学 | Ultrahigh-strength steel laser tailor welded blank and forming process thereof |
| CN106350741A (en) * | 2016-10-24 | 2017-01-25 | 大连理工大学 | Laser tailor-welded high-strength steel warm forming preparation method |
| CN112045369A (en) * | 2020-08-29 | 2020-12-08 | 新疆八一钢铁股份有限公司 | Wire feeding steady-state welding method for solid-state laser welding machine in high-latitude area |
| CN113523558A (en) * | 2021-06-22 | 2021-10-22 | 唐山钢铁集团有限责任公司 | Laser welding method for strip steel of acid continuous rolling production line |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6770840B2 (en) * | 1997-03-28 | 2004-08-03 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Method of butt-welding hot-rolled steel materials by laser beam and apparatus therefor |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102162574A (en) * | 2011-03-31 | 2011-08-24 | 山东建筑大学 | Ultrahigh-strength steel laser tailor welded blank and forming process thereof |
| CN106350741A (en) * | 2016-10-24 | 2017-01-25 | 大连理工大学 | Laser tailor-welded high-strength steel warm forming preparation method |
| CN112045369A (en) * | 2020-08-29 | 2020-12-08 | 新疆八一钢铁股份有限公司 | Wire feeding steady-state welding method for solid-state laser welding machine in high-latitude area |
| CN113523558A (en) * | 2021-06-22 | 2021-10-22 | 唐山钢铁集团有限责任公司 | Laser welding method for strip steel of acid continuous rolling production line |
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