CN114619396A - Assembling and disassembling tool - Google Patents

Abstract

An assembly and disassembly tool comprises a pull rod, a clamping assembly with a front clamp plate and a rear clamp plate, and a sliding hammer assembly fixedly connected with the pull rod, the front clamp plate and the pull rod can be movably matched, and the rear clamp plate is connected to the end of the pull rod and can be rotated relative to the angle of the pull rod Adjustment, the front splint and the rear splint are respectively used to abut the front and rear surfaces of the parts to be dismantled. The traction assembly is fixedly connected to the rear splint and can drive the rear splint to rotate. It also includes a compression nut, which is threadedly connected to the pull rod to compress the front splint. The sliding hammer assembly also includes an inertial force generated by the sliding hammer to apply tension or pressure to the draw rod, and the above-mentioned assembling and disassembling tool can realize the quick and safe disassembly or installation of the front support of the air pipe.

Description

Assembly and disassembly tools

technical field

The invention relates to the field of assembly and disassembly tools, in particular to the assembly and disassembly of ventilation ducts in aero-engines.

Background technique

As shown in FIG. 1 , the front end of the axial vent pipe 58 in the low-pressure turbine shaft cavity of the aero-engine is supported by the front support 50 . The front support 50 of the breather pipe is matched with the low pressure turbine shaft 51 with a small gap, but in order to prevent air leakage, a rubber ring 52 is used to seal the part of the front support 50 near the front end. However, the existence of the rubber ring 52 will result in a large tightness between the front support 50 and the low pressure turbine shaft hole, and a large external force is required to realize the decomposition of the front support 50 .

A conventional disassembly process is to insert a long rod from the rear of the low-pressure turbine shaft 51 as a disassembly tool to push the front support 50 of the breather pipe out of the shaft cavity of the low-pressure turbine shaft 51 . In this process, although the decomposition tool is relatively simple, due to the long shaft cavity of the low pressure turbine shaft 51, the axial distance between the rear end face 53 of the low pressure turbine shaft 51 and the rear end face 54 of the vent pipe front support 50 is about 2000 mm. In the above operation, it is difficult for the long rod to move accurately along the axis of the turbine shaft in the shaft cavity of the turbine shaft. During the decomposition process, the risk of scratching between the long rod and the inner hole wall of the low-pressure turbine shaft 51 is relatively high. Since the inner wall of the turbine shaft hole is coated with a protective coating 57, if scratching occurs, the inner wall coating 57 will easily fall off, thereby As a result, the metal body of the low-pressure turbine shaft 51 is oxidized in contact with the air, causing corrosion of the turbine shaft, thereby causing damage to the entire equipment.

In addition, due to the relatively large tightness between the front support 50 and the low-pressure turbine shaft hole, the front support 50 also needs special tooling to fit it into the low-pressure turbine shaft hole. The front end of the vent pipe front support 50 is a smooth cylindrical section, and it is difficult to directly connect the disassembly tool; and the diameter of the inner hole of the vent pipe front support 50 is less than 50mm, so it is inconvenient to operate through the inner hole.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

An object of the present invention is to provide an assembly and disassembly tool, which can simply and safely realize the installation or disassembly of the front support of the air pipe.

In order to realize the assembling and disassembling tool for the above purpose, a pull rod is provided; a clamping assembly including a front clamp plate and a rear clamp plate, the front clamp plate and the pull rod are movably matched, and the rear clamp plate is connected to the tail end of the pull rod and is opposite to the pull rod The angle can be rotatably adjusted, the front splint and the rear splint are respectively used to abut the front and rear surfaces of the parts to be assembled and disassembled; the sliding hammer assembly fixedly connected with the tie rod includes a sliding hammer, and the inertial force generated by the sliding hammer moves to The pull rod applies tension or pressure; the traction assembly is fixedly connected with the rear clamp plate and can drive the rear clamp plate to rotate; and a compression nut is threadedly connected to the pull rod for compressing the front clamp plate.

The center of the rear splint is provided with a through slot, and the end surface of the rear splint is provided with an extension portion. When the rear splint is perpendicular to the draw bar, the extension part abuts on one side of the through slot to limit the rotation of the rear splint.

A lock is provided on the side surface of the rear splint facing the pull rod, and one end of the traction assembly is fixed with the lock.

The front clamping plate is provided with a through hole, and the traction assembly passes through the through hole.

The outer peripheral surface of the front splint and/or the rear splint is stepped.

The sliding hammer assembly includes a sliding hammer, a sliding rod and a limiting portion, one end of the sliding rod is fixedly connected with the pulling rod, the other end is provided with a limiting portion, and the sliding hammer is slidably sleeved on the sliding rod.

The middle part of the sliding rod has a convex ring, and the sliding hammer slides between the convex ring and the limiting part.

The front clamp plate and the rear clamp plate respectively have a length direction and a width direction, and the two ends in the length direction are in contact with the end face of the to-be-disassembled piece.

The above-mentioned assembly and disassembly tools use the front and rear clamps to offset the front and rear surfaces of the parts to be disassembled, respectively, and use the compression nut to press the front clamps to clamp the parts to be disassembled. Then slide the slide hammer assembly, the inertial force of the slide hammer can be adjusted. To generate tension on the tie rod, simply and conveniently disassemble the front support of the breather pipe from the shaft hole of the low pressure turbine; or the slide hammer assembly generates a pull force on the pull rod, and install the front support of the breather pipe into the shaft hole of the low pressure turbine. The use of the above-mentioned tooling can simply and conveniently realize the installation or removal of the front support of the ventilation pipe, which effectively reduces the process cost; and the installation or removal process is simple and fast, and will not cause damage to redundant components.

Description of drawings

The above and other features, properties and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples, wherein:

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the low-pressure turbine shaft cavity.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the assembling and disassembling tool extending into the shaft cavity of the low pressure turbine.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the assembly and disassembly tool in a clamped state.

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the attachment and detachment tool.

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the attachment and detachment tool.

Figure 6 is a schematic view of the rear splint.

Symbol Description

1 rear splint

2 pins

3 Extensions

4 levers

5 Front splint

6 Compression nut

7 Latch

8 Traction kit

9 Slide hammer assembly

10 through hole

11 lugs

13 through slot

50 Front mount

51 Low pressure turbine

52 apron

54 rear face

55 Front face

57 Inner wall coating

58 Axial Snorkel

91 Slide hammer

92 Ring

93 Slider

94 Limiting part

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. More details are set forth in the following description to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but it is obvious that the present invention can be implemented in many other ways that are different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art can make similar promotion and deduction according to the actual application situation without violating the connotation of the present invention, so the content of this specific embodiment should not limit the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that FIG. 1 to FIG. 6 are only examples, which are not drawn according to the conditions of equal scale, and should not be taken as a limitation on the protection scope actually required by the present invention.

The assembly and disassembly tool shown in Figures 2 to 4 is provided with a pull rod 4, a clamping assembly and a sliding hammer assembly 9. The clamping assembly includes a front clamp plate 5 and a rear clamp plate 1. The front clamp plate 5 and the pull rod 4 can be movably matched, and the rear clamp plate 1 is connected to the tail end of the pull rod 4, and the angle relative to the pull rod 4 can be adjusted by rotation. In the following embodiments, the components to be assembled and disassembled take the front support 50 of the air pipe as an example, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment, and can also be used for disassembly between two parts with a large tightness in other narrow and long spaces or install.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the sliding hammer assembly 9 is fixedly connected with the pull rod 4 , and the sliding hammer assembly 9 includes a sliding hammer 91 , and the inertial force generated by the sliding hammer 91 can apply a pulling force or pressure to the pulling rod 4 . The assembly and disassembly tool also includes a traction assembly 8 , which is fixedly connected to the rear clamp plate 1 and can drive the rear clamp plate 1 to rotate.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 , the rear splint 1 is provided with a pair of lugs 11 , the lugs 11 are provided with through holes, the tail end of the pull rod 4 is provided with a pin hole, and the pin shaft 2 passes through the through holes of the lugs 11 at the same time. and the pin hole of the pull rod 4 to realize the movable connection between the rear clamping plate 1 and the pull rod 4 .

The side surface of the rear splint 1 facing the pull rod 4 is provided with a lock catch 7 , and one end of the traction assembly 8 is fixed with the lock catch 7 . In one embodiment, the traction assembly 8 is a steel cable with a bolt at one end, and the rear splint 1 has a threaded hole groove, and the bolt is threadedly connected with the hole groove, so as to fix the traction assembly 8 and the rear splint 1 . The traction assembly 8 can drive the rear splint 1 to rotate and change the angle θ between the rear splint 1 and the tail end of the pull rod 4 .

When sending the rear splint 1 into the narrow and deep low-pressure turbine shaft hole, the angle θ between the rear splint 1 and the tail end of the tie rod 4 must be less than 90°, and the radial dimension of the rear splint 1 can be reduced after tilting, so as to facilitate the delivery of the assembly and disassembly tools. into the low pressure turbine shaft hole. When the rear splint 1 enters the low-pressure turbine shaft hole and is located near the rear end surface 54 of the front support 50 of the breather pipe, the traction assembly 8 is pulled, the rear splint 1 rotates, and the angle θ between the rear splint 1 and the rear end of the tie rod 4 gradually increases to 90°, at this time, the rear splint 1 is perpendicular to the tie rod 4 and abuts against the rear end surface 54 of the front support 50 . Using the traction assembly 8 can better adjust the angle of the internal parts in the narrow and deep space, which is simple and convenient.

In order to prevent the angle θ between the rear splint 1 and the tie rod 4 from exceeding 90°, a through slot 13 is provided in the center of the rear splint 1, and an extension 3 is provided on the end face of the tie rod 4, which extends when the rear splint 1 is perpendicular to the tie rod 4 The part 3 is in contact with the groove surface on one side of the through groove 13 to limit the rotation of the rear clamping plate 1 . In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 , the through groove 13 is a U-shaped groove, and the extension 3 is a limit pin 3 that is threadedly connected to the end face of the tie rod 4 . When the rear clamping plate 1 is perpendicular to the tie rod 4, the angle θ is 90 At °, the limit pin 3 is in contact with the bottom return surface of the U-shaped groove. Under the cooperation of the limit pin 3 and the U-shaped groove, the rear clamp plate 1 can only rotate on one side. When the traction component 8 pulls the rear clamp plate 1 When the position pin 3 is blocked, the rear splint 1 cannot continue to rotate after being straightened, which effectively avoids the situation that the rear splint 1 cannot hold the rear end surface 54 of the front support due to excessive rotation when the rear splint 1 is pulled by the pulling assembly 8 .

Preferably, the front clamping plate 5 is provided with a through hole 10 through which the traction assembly 8 passes. Using the through hole 10 to limit the traction component 8 can ensure that the traction component 8 always moves along the axis of the turbine shaft in the narrow and deep space, and keeps it perpendicular to the rear plate 1, so as to avoid the traction component 8 during the pulling process. The pulling direction is skewed, so that the rear clamping plate 1 cannot effectively clamp the rear end surface 54 .

The front clamp plate 5 and the tie rod 4 can be movably matched, and a compression nut 6 is arranged on the side of the front clamp plate 5 facing the pendulum assembly 9. When the rear clamp plate 1 extends into the low-pressure turbine shaft hole and abuts against the rear end surface 54 of the front support, it moves. The front splint 5 makes it abut against the front end face 55 of the front support, then tighten the compression nut 6 on the tie rod 4, gradually press the front splint 5 and make the front splint 5 and the rear splint 1 clamp the vent hole front support 50 , this time the dismantling tool is integrated with the front support.

Preferably, the outer peripheral surface of the front plate 5 and/or the rear plate 1 is stepped. As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 , the radial length of the side facing the slide hammer assembly 9 of the front clamp plate 5 is greater than the radial length of the side facing the rear clamp plate 1 , so that the outer peripheral surface of the front clamp plate 5 is formed into a stepped shape, so that the The front end surface 55 of the front support matches the stepped shape. The above-mentioned stepped structure can better support and fix the to-be-disassembled part by the clamping assembly, ensure that the to-be-disassembled part will not move during the disassembly or installation process, and improve the reliability of the installation process.

Preferably, the front clamp plate 5 and the rear clamp plate 1 respectively have a length direction and a width direction, and the two ends in the length direction are in contact with the end faces of the parts to be assembled and disassembled. As shown in FIG. 4 , the length direction of the front splint 5 and the rear splint 1 is the same as the radial length of the vent pipe front support 50 to support the front end surface 55 and the rear end surface 54 of the front support 50 , while the front splint 5 and the rear The width direction of the splint 1 is narrow. When the front splint 5 and the rear splint 1 protrude into the narrow and deep low-pressure turbine shaft hole, the front splint 5 and the rear splint 1 will form a gap on both sides with the low-pressure turbine shaft hole in the width direction. The rear end of the shaft observes the internal operation of the shaft cavity, especially the connection of the assembly and disassembly tools can be visually observed through the above-mentioned gaps on both sides, so as to avoid operation errors and ensure the accuracy and safety of the installation process.

In the embodiments shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 , the sliding hammer assembly 9 includes a sliding hammer 91 , a sliding rod 93 and a limit portion 94 , and the sliding hammer 91 can generate inertial force and transmit it to the pull rod 4 . The rear end of the sliding rod 93 has threads, the front end of the pull rod 4 has threaded holes, and the sliding rod 93 and the pull rod 4 are fixedly connected by threads. The front end of the sliding rod 93 has a limiting portion 94 , and further, the middle portion of the sliding rod 93 has a convex ring 92 , and the convex ring 92 and the limiting portion 94 are used to limit the sliding distance of the sliding hammer 91 . When the sliding hammer 91 slides outward in the axial direction, it transmits an axially outward pulling force to the pull rod 4. After the front clamp plate 5 and the rear clamp plate 1 have clamped the front support 50 of the air pipe, the air pipe is moved forward by the pulling force of the pull rod 4. The carrier 50 is separated from the low pressure turbine shaft cavity. When the sliding hammer 91 slides inward in the axial direction, it transmits an axially inward pressure to the pull rod 4. After the front clamp plate 5 and the rear clamp plate 1 have clamped the front support 50 of the breather pipe, the pressure of the pull rod 4 pushes the breather pipe forward. The carrier 50 is pushed into the low pressure turbine shaft cavity.

The use of the assembling and disassembling tool will be described below by taking the disassembling process of the front support 50 of the air pipe as an example. First, install the rear splint 1 to the tie rod 4 through the pin 2 , tighten the limit pin 3 to the end of the tie rod 4 , and fix the pulling assembly 8 through the lock buckle 7 and the rear splint 1 . Then put the front clamp plate 5 on the pull rod 4, screw the compression nut 6 to the front end of the pull rod 4, and lead the pulling assembly 8 through the through hole of the front clamp plate 5 to the front end of the disassembly tool, and the slide hammer assembly 9 is installed into the threaded hole at the front end of the tie rod 4.

After completing the preliminary assembly of the assembly and disassembly tool, rotate the rear splint 1 around the pin shaft 2 to make it inclined, send it into the inner hole of the front support 50 of the ventilation pipe, and push the assembly and disassembly tool radially backward, so that the rear splint 1 passes through After passing through the inner hole of the front support 50 and finally reaching the rear end surface 54 of the front support, pull the pulling assembly 8 so that the angle θ between the rear splint 1 and the tail end of the pull rod 4 is gradually increased to 90°. At this time, the rear splint 1 In contact with the rear end face 54 of the front support. Tighten the compression nut 6, the front clamp plate 5 contacts with the front end surface 55 of the front support and is gradually compressed until the rear clamp plate 1 and the front clamp plate 5 clamp the front support 50. Slide the sliding hammer 91 , and the inertial force generated by the sliding hammer 91 pulls the front support 50 out of the turbine shaft hole to complete the disassembly of the front support 50 . The sliding hammer 91 generates a strong impact force and can quickly pull out the front support 50 , which prevents the coating from falling off due to the long rod scraping against the inner wall of the low-pressure turbine shaft in the traditional way, and improves the safety of the disassembly process.

The following takes the installation process of the front support 50 of the air pipe as an example to introduce the use of the assembly and disassembly tools. This embodiment uses the component numbers and part of the content of the previous embodiment, and selectively omits the description of the same technical content. For some descriptions, reference may be made to the foregoing embodiments, which will not be repeated in this embodiment.

After completing the preliminary assembly of the assembling and disassembling tool, the rear clamping plate 1 and the front clamping plate 5 are respectively abutted against the rear end surface 54 and the front end surface 55 of the front support 50, and the compression nut 6 is tightened, and the front clamping plate 5 contacts with the front end surface 55 and gradually presses Tighten until the rear clamp plate 1 and the front clamp plate 5 clamp the front support 50, at this time the front support 50 and the assembly and disassembly tool are integrated. Slide the sliding hammer 91, the inertial force generated by the sliding hammer 91 generates an axial inward impact force on the pull rod 4, and gradually knocks the assembly and disassembly tool with the front support 50 into the low pressure turbine shaft hole until it reaches a fixed position. Then loosen the compression nut 6, release the rear splint 1, the front splint 5 and the front support 50, and push the pulling assembly 8 to tilt the rear splint 1, and then take out the assembly and disassembly tool. The impact force generated by the sliding hammer 91 can push the front support 50 into the low pressure turbine shaft hole with less effort, and the installation process is easy to control and simple and convenient.

Although the present invention is disclosed above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention, and any person skilled in the art can make possible changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solutions of the present invention all fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. An assembly and disassembly tool, comprising:

a pull rod (4);

the clamping assembly comprises a front clamping plate (5) and a rear clamping plate (1), the front clamping plate (5) is movably matched with the pull rod (4), the rear clamping plate (1) is connected with the tail end of the pull rod (4) and can be rotationally adjusted relative to the angle of the pull rod (4), and the front clamping plate (5) and the rear clamping plate (1) are respectively used for abutting against the front end surface and the rear end surface of a piece to be assembled and disassembled;

the sliding hammer assembly (9) is fixedly connected with the pull rod (4) and comprises a sliding hammer (91), and pulling force or pressure is applied to the pull rod (4) through the inertia force generated by the sliding hammer (91);

the traction assembly (8) is fixedly connected with the rear clamping plate (1) and can drive the rear clamping plate (1) to rotate; and

and the compression nut (6) is in threaded connection with the pull rod (4) and is used for compressing the front clamping plate (5).

2. The tool for mounting and dismounting according to claim 1, characterized in that a through groove (13) is provided in the center of the rear clamping plate (1), an extension part (3) is provided on the end surface of the tail part of the pull rod (4), and when the rear clamping plate (1) is perpendicular to the pull rod (4), the extension part (3) abuts against a side groove surface of the through groove (13) to limit the rotation of the rear clamping plate (1).

3. The tool for assembling and disassembling according to claim 1, characterized in that the surface of the rear clamping plate (1) facing the pull rod (4) is provided with a lock catch (7), and one end of the traction component (8) is matched and fixed with the lock catch (7).

4. The mounting or dismounting tool according to claim 3, characterized in that the front clamping plate (5) is provided with a through hole (10), the pulling element (8) passing through the through hole (10).

5. The mounting or dismounting tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer circumference of the front clamping plate (5) and/or the rear clamping plate (1) is stepped.

6. The tool for mounting and dismounting according to claim 1, characterized in that the sliding hammer assembly (9) comprises a sliding hammer (91), a sliding rod (93) and a limiting part (94), one end of the sliding rod (93) is fixedly connected with the pull rod (4), the other end is provided with the limiting part (94), and the sliding hammer (91) is slidably sleeved on the sliding rod (93).

7. The mounting or dismounting tool according to claim 6, characterized in that the slide rod (93) has a collar (92) in the middle, and the slide hammer slides between the collar (92) and the stop (94).

8. The mounting or dismounting tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the front clamping plate (5) and the rear clamping plate (1) have a length direction and a width direction, respectively, through which the two ends in the length direction abut against the end surfaces of the piece to be dismounted.

Images