CN114023469A - Hot-gas engine heat exchanger for sodium-cooled fast reactor - Google Patents
Hot-gas engine heat exchanger for sodium-cooled fast reactor Download PDFInfo
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- CN114023469A CN114023469A CN202111425226.2A CN202111425226A CN114023469A CN 114023469 A CN114023469 A CN 114023469A CN 202111425226 A CN202111425226 A CN 202111425226A CN 114023469 A CN114023469 A CN 114023469A
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- heat exchange
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- sodium
- tube
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 38
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 38
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 38
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C15/00—Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants
- G21C15/02—Arrangements or disposition of passages in which heat is transferred to the coolant; Coolant flow control devices
- G21C15/14—Arrangements or disposition of passages in which heat is transferred to the coolant; Coolant flow control devices from headers; from joints in ducts
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C15/00—Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants
- G21C15/24—Promoting flow of the coolant
- G21C15/257—Promoting flow of the coolant using heat-pipes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of heat exchangers, and discloses a heat engine heat exchanger for a sodium-cooled fast reactor, which comprises a working medium cylinder, a heat exchanger body, a plurality of U-shaped heat exchange tubes, a plurality of first connecting tubes and a plurality of second connecting tubes, wherein the top of the working medium cylinder comprises an annular region and a central region, a plurality of first through holes are formed in the central region, and a plurality of second through holes are formed in the annular region; the heat exchanger body is arranged above the working medium cylinder, a liquid inlet is formed in the top of the heat exchanger body, a liquid outlet is formed in the bottom of the heat exchanger body, and a plurality of third through holes and a plurality of fourth through holes are formed in the bottom of the heat exchanger body; the plurality of U-shaped heat exchange tubes are arranged in the heat exchanger body along the circumference in an array mode, one ends of the U-shaped heat exchange tubes are inserted into the third through holes, and the other ends of the U-shaped heat exchange tubes are inserted into the fourth through holes; the first connecting pipe is connected with the first through hole and the U-shaped heat exchange pipe; the second connecting pipe is connected with the second through hole and the U-shaped heat exchange pipe. The invention improves the heat exchange performance by simultaneously improving the heat exchange coefficient of the U-shaped heat exchange tube.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of heat exchangers, in particular to a heat engine heat exchanger for a sodium-cooled fast reactor.
Background
The fast neutron reactor (sodium-cooled fast reactor for short) using liquid metal sodium as a coolant and a moderator has high power density, environment friendliness, high outlet temperature and strong inherent safety, and is the preferred reactor type of a small modular reactor. The hot air engine is used as an external combustion engine, high-temperature liquid sodium generated by a sodium-cooled fast reactor can be used as a heat source to operate, sodium water reaction does not occur in working medium helium, and the system is simple, compact in space and quick to start.
The heat exchanger of the heat engine is one of heat exchange parts of the heat engine and is used for exchanging heat between external heat source heat and internal working media, so that the working media can expand to do work, and conversion of heat energy to mechanical energy is completed. When the existing heat exchanger of the hot air engine is applied to the sodium-cooled fast reactor, the heat exchange efficiency is low, and the cycle efficiency of working media is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a heat exchanger of a heat engine for a sodium-cooled fast reactor, which transfers heat of a sodium-cooled fast reactor heat source with a working medium of the heat engine through a relatively high-efficiency and compact heat exchanger, improves the working temperature of the working medium of the heat engine as much as possible and improves the circulation efficiency of the working medium.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a hot-air engine heat exchanger for a sodium-cooled fast reactor comprises:
the top of the working medium cylinder comprises an annular area and a central area which are arranged along the radial direction, a plurality of first through holes are arranged in the central area, and a plurality of second through holes are arranged in the annular area;
the heat exchanger body is arranged above the working medium cylinder and is coaxial with the working medium cylinder, a liquid inlet is formed in the top of the heat exchanger body, a liquid outlet is formed in the side wall of the bottom of the heat exchanger body, and a plurality of third through holes which are in one-to-one correspondence with the first through holes and a plurality of fourth through holes which are in one-to-one correspondence with the second through holes are formed in the bottom of the heat exchanger body;
the plurality of U-shaped heat exchange tubes are arranged in the heat exchanger body and are arranged along a circumferential array, one end of each U-shaped heat exchange tube is inserted into the corresponding third through hole, and the other end of each U-shaped heat exchange tube is inserted into the corresponding fourth through hole;
one end of each first connecting pipe is hermetically connected with the first through hole, and the other end of each first connecting pipe is inserted into the third through hole and is hermetically connected with the U-shaped heat exchange pipe;
and one end of each second connecting pipe is connected with the corresponding second through hole in a sealing manner, and the other end of each second connecting pipe is inserted into the corresponding fourth through hole and connected with the U-shaped heat exchange pipe in a sealing manner.
In the technical scheme, the heat exchange performance is improved as much as possible by improving the heat exchange coefficient, but the heat exchange capacity is increased by increasing the heat exchange area without limit, so that the whole heat exchanger has a more compact structure and a more reasonable volume.
In some embodiments, the heat exchanger body includes a housing and a flow equalizing chamber, the bottom of the housing is open, the flow equalizing chamber is disposed at the opening of the bottom of the housing, the liquid inlet is disposed at the top of the housing, the liquid outlet is disposed at the side of the flow equalizing chamber, and the third through hole and the fourth through hole are disposed on the flow equalizing chamber.
In some embodiments, the flow equalizing chamber is a disk shape, the flow equalizing chamber extends radially to the outside of the housing, an annular flow passage arranged in the circumferential direction of the flow equalizing chamber is arranged in a region of the flow equalizing chamber extending to the outside of the housing, a plurality of via holes are arranged at intervals on the side wall of the housing, and the via holes and the liquid outlet are respectively communicated with the annular flow passage.
Among this technical scheme, through set up the flow equalizing chamber in the casing bottom, can make liquid sodium flow more even in the casing bottom, avoid liquid sodium flow inhomogeneous and lead to the unable discharge of partial liquid sodium.
In some embodiments, the bottom of the via is flush with the upper surface of the flow-equalizing chamber.
In the technical scheme, the bottom of the through hole is flush with the upper surface of the flow equalizing chamber, and liquid sodium on the upper surface of the flow equalizing chamber can enter the annular flow channel through the through hole, so that the liquid sodium is prevented from being deposited on the upper surface of the flow equalizing chamber.
In some embodiments, the U-shaped heat exchange tube includes an inner tube, an arc tube and an outer tube connected in sequence, the inner tube is parallel to the outer tube, two adjacent inner tubes are staggered, so that the inner tubes are located on two circumferences with different diameters, and the outer tubes are located on the same circumference.
In the technical scheme, the inner pipes are arranged in a staggered mode, so that the U-shaped heat exchange pipes can be arranged in a limited space as much as possible, the number of the U-shaped heat exchange pipes is increased, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved.
In some embodiments, the first through holes are distributed on two circumferences with different diameters, and the second through holes are distributed on one circumference.
In some embodiments, the top of the working medium cylinder is arc-shaped and the convex portion is disposed toward the heat exchanger body, and the central region is located at the convex portion.
In the technical scheme, the top of the working medium cylinder body is arranged to be arc-shaped, so that the stress at the top of the working medium cylinder body can be reduced, and the working medium cylinder body is prevented from being damaged under the action of the stress.
In some embodiments, the U-shaped heat exchange tube has a tube diameter of 2-6 mm.
In some embodiments, the U-shaped heat exchange tube has a length of 250-350 mm.
In some embodiments, the U-shaped heat exchange tube is connected to the heat exchanger body by brazing, the first connection tube and the second connection tube are respectively connected to the heat exchanger body by brazing, and the first connection tube and the second connection tube are respectively connected to the working medium cylinder by brazing.
The invention has the technical effects that: the liquid inlet is arranged at the top of the heat exchanger body, the liquid outlet is arranged at the bottom, the liquid sodium flows longitudinally in the heat exchanger body, and the U-shaped heat exchange tube is longitudinally arranged in the heat exchanger body, so that the liquid flow inside and outside the tube is basically consistent, the heat exchange coefficients of the inner tube side and the outer tube side of the U-shaped heat exchange tube are more balanced, the thermal resistance difference between the inner tube side and the outer tube side is smaller, the total heat exchange coefficient is higher, and the heat exchange performance is further improved; in addition, the U-shaped heat exchange tubes are arranged in the heat exchanger body in an array mode along the circumferential direction, the arrangement uniformity and compactness can be improved, the number of the U-shaped heat exchange tubes is increased as far as possible, and the heat exchange performance is further improved.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and detailed description:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat exchanger of a heat engine for a sodium-cooled fast reactor according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a top view of a working medium cylinder of a heat engine heat exchanger for a sodium-cooled fast reactor according to an embodiment of the present application.
The reference numbers illustrate:
10. a working medium cylinder; 11. a central region; 111. a first through hole; 12. an annular region; 121. a second through hole; 20. a heat exchanger body; 201. a liquid inlet; 202. a liquid outlet; 203. a third through hole; 204. a fourth via hole; 21. a housing; 211. a via hole; 22. a flow equalizing chamber; 221. an annular flow passage; 30. a U-shaped heat exchange tube; 31. an inner tube; 32. an arc tube; 33. an outer tube; 40. a first connecting pipe; 50. a second connecting pipe.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
For the sake of simplicity, the drawings only schematically show the parts relevant to the present invention, and they do not represent the actual structure as a product. In addition, in order to make the drawings concise and understandable, components having the same structure or function in some of the drawings are only schematically illustrated or only labeled. In this document, "one" means not only "only one" but also a case of "more than one".
It should be further understood that the term "and/or" as used in this specification and the appended claims refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
In this context, it is to be understood that, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In addition, in the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second", and the like are used only for distinguishing the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply relative importance.
In one embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a heat engine heat exchanger for a sodium-cooled fast reactor includes a working medium cylinder 10, a heat exchanger body 20, a plurality of U-shaped heat exchange tubes 30, a plurality of first connection tubes 40, and a plurality of second connection tubes 50. The top of the working medium cylinder 10 comprises a central area 11 and an annular area 12 which are arranged along the radial direction, a plurality of first through holes 111 are arranged in the central area 11, and a plurality of second through holes 121 are arranged in the annular area 12.
The heat exchanger body 20 is arranged above the working medium cylinder 10 and is coaxially arranged with the working medium cylinder 10, the top of the heat exchanger body 20 is provided with a liquid inlet 201, the side wall of the bottom is provided with a liquid outlet 202, liquid sodium of the sodium-cooled fast reactor enters from the liquid inlet 201 at the top of the heat exchanger body 20 and is discharged from the liquid outlet 202 on the side wall of the bottom, and the liquid sodium flows in the heat exchanger body 20 along the longitudinal direction. Because the temperature of the liquid sodium is higher and reaches 550 ℃, and the corrosion is strong, all parts in contact with the liquid sodium are made of liquid sodium corrosion resistant alloy materials.
The bottom of the heat exchanger body 20 is provided with a plurality of third through holes 203 which are provided in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of first through holes 111, and a plurality of fourth through holes 204 which are provided in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of second through holes 121. The plurality of U-shaped heat exchange tubes 30 are arranged in the heat exchanger body 20 and arranged in a circumferential array, one end of each U-shaped heat exchange tube 30 is inserted into the third through hole 203, and the other end of each U-shaped heat exchange tube 30 is inserted into the fourth through hole 204.
One end of each of the first connecting pipes 40 is hermetically connected to the first through hole 111, and the other end thereof is inserted into the third through hole 203 and hermetically connected to the U-shaped heat exchanging pipe 30; one end of the second connection pipes 50 is hermetically connected to the second through hole 121, and the other end thereof is inserted into the fourth through hole 204 and hermetically connected to the U-shaped heat exchange pipe 30.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the top of the working medium cylinder 10 is radially divided into a central region 11 and an annular region 12, and the annular region 12 is located outside the central region 11. The cross section of heat exchanger body 20 and working medium barrel 10 is circular, and heat exchanger body 20 sets up in working medium barrel 10 top and with the coaxial setting of working medium barrel 10, not only can make the structure compacter, but also can shorten the interval of working medium barrel 10 and heat exchanger body 20, reduces the length of first connecting pipe 40 and second connecting pipe 50 to improve the thermomotor performance.
The plurality of U-shaped heat exchange tubes 30 are arranged in the heat exchanger body 20, and are arranged in a circumferential array by taking the axis of the heat exchanger body 20 as the center, so that the arrangement of the plurality of U-shaped heat exchange tubes 30 is more compact and more uniform, the number of the U-shaped heat exchange tubes 30 is increased, the heat exchange area is increased, and the heat exchange performance is improved. The U-shaped heat exchange tube 30 comprises an inner tube 31, an arc-shaped tube 32 and an outer tube 33 which are sequentially connected, the inner tube 31 of the U-shaped heat exchange tube 30 is positioned on the inner side of the heat exchanger body 20 in the radial direction, the outer tube 33 of the U-shaped heat exchange tube 30 is positioned on the outer side of the heat exchanger body 20 in the radial direction, the arc-shaped tube 32 is connected with the inner tube 31 and the outer tube 33, working media in the U-shaped heat exchange tube 30 are reversed, and the working media flow in the U-shaped heat exchange tube 30 along the longitudinal direction of the heat exchanger body 20.
The inner pipe 31 of the U-shaped heat exchange pipe 30 is connected with the third through hole 203 and is communicated with the first through hole 111 of the working medium cylinder 10 through the first connecting pipe 40, and the outer pipe 33 is connected with the fourth through hole 204 and is communicated with the second through hole 121 of the working medium cylinder 10 through the second connecting pipe 50, so that two independent working medium flowing areas, namely a central area 11 and an annular area 12 of the working medium cylinder 10, are formed. Working medium of the heat engine flows back and forth with the U-shaped heat exchange tube 30 through the connecting tube in the working medium barrel 10, liquid sodium flows in one direction outside the U-shaped heat exchange tube 30 and inside the heat exchanger body 20 to exchange heat with the working medium of the heat engine, the working medium inside the U-shaped heat exchange tube 30 belongs to flow heat exchange inside the tube, and the liquid sodium outside the tube belongs to flow heat exchange outside the tube.
In this embodiment, a sodium-cooled fast reactor heat source is adopted to perform heat transfer with a working medium of a heat engine, and the flow characteristic of liquid sodium is good, so that liquid sodium can realize a relatively high heat exchange coefficient by adopting longitudinal flow, therefore, a liquid inlet 201 of liquid sodium is arranged at the top of the heat exchanger body 20, a liquid outlet 202 of liquid sodium is arranged at the bottom of the heat exchanger body 20, and after the liquid sodium enters the heat exchanger body 20 from the top of the heat exchanger body 20, the liquid sodium flows from top to bottom, the flow form is good, so that the heat exchange coefficients of the inner pipe 31 and the outer pipe 33 are similar, and the longitudinal flow inside and outside the pipe is basically consistent, the thermal resistance is small, and further the heat exchange efficiency is improved.
As is known to all, when the heat exchange tube is too long, the heat exchange area is large, but the useless volume in the tube is large, so that the heat exchange performance is influenced; the heat exchange tube is not long, though the useless volume ratio is less in the pipe, but the heat transfer area is little, can influence heat transfer performance equally, consequently, can't improve heat transfer performance through the length that excessively increases the heat exchange tube, and U type heat exchange tube 30 can neither too long, also can not too short, and in this embodiment, the length of single U type heat exchange tube 30 is 250 ~ 350 mm. In addition, U type heat exchange tube 30's pipe diameter also can not be too big or too little, and the pipe diameter is too big, and heat exchange efficiency is too low, and the pipe diameter is too little, and the quantity of the heat exchange tube that needs to arrange increases, arranges the space and does not allow, and the welding degree of difficulty increases, and in this embodiment, U type heat exchange tube 30's pipe diameter is 2 ~ 6 mm.
This embodiment is through letting the heat transfer coefficient of inner tube side and outer tube side more balanced, makes the heat transfer coefficient of inner tube side and outer tube side improve simultaneously, improves heat transfer performance as far as possible through improving heat transfer coefficient, rather than the unlimited increase heat transfer area increases heat transfer capacity. The heat exchange coefficient is related to the flowing performance of liquid, the flowing characteristic of liquid sodium is good, the longitudinal flow of the liquid sodium can be kept consistent basically, the thermal resistance is small, the heat exchange coefficient is high, and the circulation efficiency of the heat engine is improved under the condition that the heat exchange area is not large enough.
Referring to fig. 1, the working process of the heat exchanger of the heat engine for the sodium-cooled fast reactor in this embodiment is as follows:
in fig. 1, an arrow indicates a working medium flowing direction, and the working medium flows back and forth under the action of a piston of the thermomotor. In the first flow direction, the working medium flows into the first connecting pipe 40 from the first through hole 111 in the central region 11 of the working medium cylinder 10 along the arrow F1, then enters the inner pipe 31 of the U-shaped heat exchange pipe 30, is changed in direction by the arc pipe 32 of the U-shaped heat exchange pipe 30, flows through the outer pipe 33 of the U-shaped heat exchange pipe 30, and then enters the annular region 12 of the working medium cylinder 10 through the second connecting pipe 50, and the outflow direction is shown as the arrow F2. The second flow direction is that after the first heat exchange is completed, the flow direction of the working medium is reversed under the action of the piston of the heat engine, the working medium flows into the second connecting pipe 50 from the second through hole 121 of the annular area 12 of the working cylinder 10, then enters the outer pipe 33 of the U-shaped heat exchange pipe 30, is changed by the arc pipe 32 of the U-shaped heat exchange pipe 30, flows through the inner pipe 31 of the U-shaped heat exchange pipe 30, and then enters the central area 11 of the working medium cylinder 10 through the first connecting pipe 40, so that the first complete reciprocating flow is completed.
The direction indicated by the arrow F3 is a liquid sodium flowing direction, the liquid sodium enters the heat exchanger body 20 from the liquid inlet 201 at the top of the heat exchanger body 20, and flows out from the liquid outlet 202 on the side wall of the heat exchanger body 20 after flowing heat exchange inside the heat exchanger body 20 and outside the U-shaped heat exchange tube 30, and the flowing direction is indicated by an arrow F3.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the heat exchanger body 20 includes a housing 21 and a flow equalizing chamber 22, the bottom of the housing 21 is open, the flow equalizing chamber 22 is disposed at the opening of the bottom of the housing 21, a liquid inlet 201 is disposed at the top of the housing 21, a liquid outlet 202 is disposed at the side of the flow equalizing chamber 22, and a third through hole 203 and a fourth through hole 204 are disposed on the flow equalizing chamber 22.
The shell 21 and the flow equalizing chamber 22 are welded together by argon arc welding, the shell 21 is a container with a hollow interior and an opening at the bottom, and the flow equalizing chamber 22 is arranged at the bottom of the shell 21. The bottom of the shell 21 is provided with a flow equalizing chamber 22, which can ensure the flow uniformity of the liquid sodium at the bottom of the shell 21.
The flow equalizing chamber 22 is disc-shaped, the flow equalizing chamber 22 extends to the outside of the casing 21 along the radial direction, an annular flow channel 221 arranged along the circumferential direction of the flow equalizing chamber 21 is arranged in a region of the flow equalizing chamber 22 extending to the outside of the casing 21, a plurality of through holes 211 are arranged on the side wall of the casing 21 at intervals, and the through holes 211 and the liquid outlet 202 are respectively communicated with the annular flow channel 221.
The outer diameter of the flow equalizing chamber 22 is larger than the outer diameter of the casing 21, and the annular flow passage 221 is disposed in the flow equalizing chamber 22 and located outside the casing 21, that is, the inner diameter of the annular flow passage 221 is larger than the outer diameter of the casing 21. The annular flow channel 221 is a full circle of annular grooves arranged along the circumferential direction of the flow equalizing chamber 22, a plurality of through holes 211 are arranged on the side wall of the casing 21 at intervals along the circumferential direction, and when liquid sodium flows to the bottom of the casing 21 (the upper end surface of the flow equalizing chamber 22), the liquid sodium can enter the annular flow channel 221 through the through holes 211 and then is discharged from the liquid outlet 202. Because the liquid outlet 202 is disposed at one side of the flow equalizing chamber 22, if the annular flow channel 221 is not disposed, the liquid sodium at the bottom of the housing 21 will flow unevenly, and the liquid sodium at one side close to the liquid outlet 202 is more and the liquid sodium at the other side is less. After the through holes 211 are uniformly spaced, the liquid sodium flows into the annular flow channel 221 from the through holes 211 which are uniformly spaced, and then flows out from the liquid outlet 202 which is communicated with the annular flow channel 221, so that the flow of the liquid sodium is relatively uniform.
Preferably, as shown in FIG. 1, the bottom of the via 211 is flush with the upper surface of the flow equalization chamber 22. When the liquid sodium flows to the upper surface of the flow equalizing chamber 22, because the bottom of the through hole 211 is flush with the upper surface of the flow equalizing chamber 22, the liquid sodium on the upper surface of the flow equalizing chamber 22 can enter the annular flow channel 221 through the through hole 211, and the liquid sodium is prevented from being deposited on the upper surface of the flow equalizing chamber 22.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the inner tubes 31 and the outer tubes 33 of the U-shaped heat exchange tube 30 are arranged in parallel, and two adjacent inner tubes 31 are arranged in a staggered manner, so that a plurality of inner tubes 31 are located on two circumferences with different diameters, and a plurality of outer tubes 33 are located on the same circumference. Two adjacent inner tubes 31 stagger the setting, can set up U type heat exchange tube 30 as far as, increase U type heat exchange tube 30's quantity, and then improve heat exchange efficiency.
Adaptively, as shown in fig. 2, a plurality of first through holes 111 arranged on the central region 11 of the working medium cylinder 10 are distributed on two circumferences with different diameters, and a plurality of second through holes 121 are distributed on one circumference, so that a plurality of inner tubes 31 and a plurality of first through holes 111 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and further, the inner tubes 31 and the first through holes 111 are located on the same straight line, thereby avoiding increasing the length of the connecting tube.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the top of the working medium cylinder 10 is arc-shaped and the convex portion is disposed toward the heat exchanger body 20, and the central region 11 is located at the convex portion of the working medium cylinder 10. Because the pressure of the helium working medium in the working medium cylinder 10 is very high, up to dozens of megapascals, and the temperature is also very high, up to 400 ℃, the top of the working medium cylinder 10 is arranged to be arc-shaped, the stress on the top of the working medium cylinder 10 can be reduced, and the working medium cylinder 10 is prevented from being damaged.
The top of working medium barrel 10 is the arc, if working medium barrel 10 and heat exchanger body 20 are not coaxial setting, so when U type heat exchange tube 30 is connected with working medium barrel 10, there is some U type heat exchange tube 30 far away from the top of working medium barrel 10, leads to the connecting pipe ratio long, can influence the performance of heat engine, consequently, with the coaxial setting of working medium barrel 10 and heat exchanger body 20, can improve the performance of heat engine.
In some embodiments, the U-shaped heat exchange tube 30 is connected to the heat exchanger body 20 by brazing, the first connection tube 40 and the second connection tube 50 are respectively connected to the heat exchanger body 20 by brazing, and the first connection tube 40 and the second connection tube 50 are respectively connected to the working medium cylinder 10 by brazing.
Because the temperature of the working medium side can reach 400 ℃, the pressure can reach 13MPa, and the sealing effect of the connecting pipe and the heating pipe can be effectively ensured through brazing. The working medium cylinder 10 and the connecting pipe need to bear working medium pressure of 400 ℃ and 13MPa and thermal stress generated by temperature difference between 550 ℃ liquid sodium and 400 ℃, so that the working medium cylinder 10 needs to be made of high-strength high-temperature alloy materials.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a hot-air engine heat exchanger for sodium-cooled fast reactor which characterized in that includes:
the top of the working medium cylinder comprises an annular area and a central area which are arranged along the radial direction, a plurality of first through holes are arranged in the central area, and a plurality of second through holes are arranged in the annular area;
the heat exchanger body is arranged above the working medium cylinder and is coaxial with the working medium cylinder, a liquid inlet is formed in the top of the heat exchanger body, a liquid outlet is formed in the side wall of the bottom of the heat exchanger body, and a plurality of third through holes which are in one-to-one correspondence with the first through holes and a plurality of fourth through holes which are in one-to-one correspondence with the second through holes are formed in the bottom of the heat exchanger body;
the plurality of U-shaped heat exchange tubes are arranged in the heat exchanger body and are arranged along a circumferential array, one end of each U-shaped heat exchange tube is inserted into the corresponding third through hole, and the other end of each U-shaped heat exchange tube is inserted into the corresponding fourth through hole;
one end of each first connecting pipe is hermetically connected with the first through hole, and the other end of each first connecting pipe is inserted into the third through hole and is hermetically connected with the U-shaped heat exchange pipe;
and one end of each second connecting pipe is connected with the corresponding second through hole in a sealing manner, and the other end of each second connecting pipe is inserted into the corresponding fourth through hole and connected with the U-shaped heat exchange pipe in a sealing manner.
2. The heat exchanger of the hot-air engine for the sodium-cooled fast reactor as recited in claim 1,
the heat exchanger body includes casing and the room that flow equalizes, the bottom opening of casing, the room setting of flow equalizing is in the opening part of casing bottom, the inlet sets up the top of casing, the liquid outlet sets up the side of flow equalizing room, the third through-hole with the fourth through-hole sets up on the room of flow equalizing.
3. The heat exchanger of the hot-air engine for the sodium-cooled fast reactor as recited in claim 2,
the flow equalizing chamber is disc-shaped, the flow equalizing chamber extends to the outside of the shell along the radial direction, an annular flow channel arranged along the circumferential direction of the flow equalizing chamber is arranged in an area, extending to the outside of the shell, of the flow equalizing chamber, a plurality of conducting holes are arranged on the side wall of the shell at intervals, and the conducting holes and the liquid outlet are respectively communicated with the annular flow channel.
4. The heat exchanger of the hot air engine for the sodium-cooled fast reactor as recited in claim 3, wherein the bottom of the through hole is flush with the upper surface of the flow equalizing chamber.
5. The heat exchanger of the heat engine for the sodium-cooled fast reactor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the U-shaped heat exchange tube comprises an inner tube, an arc-shaped tube and an outer tube which are sequentially connected, the inner tube and the outer tube are arranged in parallel, two adjacent inner tubes are arranged in a staggered manner, so that the inner tubes are positioned on two circumferences with different diameters, and the outer tubes are positioned on the same circumference.
6. The heat exchanger of the hot air engine for the sodium-cooled fast reactor as recited in claim 5, wherein a plurality of the first through holes are distributed on two circumferences with different diameters, and a plurality of the second through holes are distributed on one circumference.
7. The heat exchanger of the heat engine for the sodium-cooled fast reactor as recited in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the top of the working medium cylinder is arc-shaped, the convex part is arranged towards the heat exchanger body, and the central area is located on the convex part of the working medium cylinder.
8. The heat exchanger of the heat engine for the sodium-cooled fast reactor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the diameter of the U-shaped heat exchange tube is 2-6 mm.
9. The heat exchanger of the heat engine for the sodium-cooled fast reactor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the length of the U-shaped heat exchange tube is 250-350 mm.
10. The heat engine heat exchanger for the sodium-cooled fast reactor as recited in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the U-shaped heat exchange tube is connected with the heat exchanger body by brazing, the first connecting tube and the second connecting tube are respectively connected with the heat exchanger body by brazing, and the first connecting tube and the second connecting tube are respectively connected with the working medium cylinder by brazing.
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| CN202111425226.2A CN114023469A (en) | 2021-11-26 | 2021-11-26 | Hot-gas engine heat exchanger for sodium-cooled fast reactor |
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