CN102625097A - Method for intra-frame prediction of three-dimensional video and coding and decoding methods - Google Patents
Method for intra-frame prediction of three-dimensional video and coding and decoding methods Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for intra-frame prediction of a three-dimensional video and coding and decoding methods. Therefore, technical problems of improvement of a method for intra-frame prediction of a three-dimensional video under a traditional mixing coding framework and compression efficiency of three-dimensional video/image coding can be solved according to the invention. The invention brings forward a novel intra-frame difference compensation prediction method, which is applied to a three-dimensional video in an interleaved mode. The method comprises the following steps that: coding is carried out on image contents of other viewpoints; and when a current view point is coded, inter-view difference estimation and difference compensation are carried out by utilizing reconstructed images of other viewpoints as reference images; therefore, prediction redundancy is reduced and coding efficiency is improved. According to the invention, compression efficiency of three-dimensional video/image coding in a common code rate range can be obviously improved; and moreover, the computation complexity is relatively reduced; therefore, the methods are suitable for practical application.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to digital processing field, particularly 3 D video data compression and image/video encoding and decoding field, further relate to remove look in the 3 D video between redundant intra-frame prediction method and decoding method.
Background technology
Along with the development of 3 D video technology, people utilize the ordinary flat display to experience three-dimensional scenic becomes possibility.Current, from the research field to the industrial quarters, further developing of 3 D video technology attracted increasing concern, and a large amount of work has been done by various standardization bodies, makes 3 D video have more practical application property.As far back as the nineties in last century, look class just Already in [1] among the MPEG-2 more.After that, MPEG has set up the three-dimensional audio frequency and video groups (3DAV) [2] [3] that are devoted to develop three-dimensional audio frequency and video generation technique in calendar year 2001.Recently, some international standard and expression formats of using towards 3 D video are set up in succession.Wherein a kind of full-fledged technology is to utilize many viewpoints to play up a three-dimensional scenic, and each viewpoint video is through existing Video Codec (as H.264/AVC) independent encoding and decoding [4].Because a large amount of existence of looking a statistical redundancy,, H.264/MPEG-4AVC multiple view video coding standard (MVC) [5] has been proposed through application mix time/look a forecast model.MVC supports to utilize the synchronizing information in the many viewpoints of single code stream direct coding, and reduces code check through the redundant information of exploring between viewpoint.This master pattern was accomplished [6] in 2008.In H.264/AVC, three-dimensional enhanced information [7] can mark out 3 D video in traditional H.264/AVC code stream, and this scheme has the advantage of highly compatible and low complex degree.China's Audio Video coding Standard (AVS) has made up the three-dimensional schemes of oneself equally, comprises three-dimensional class of AVS and 3 D spliced scheme.
In addition, complete 3 D video system comprises that three-dimensional content obtains, coding, and transmission shows.Advanced three-dimensional television system technology (ATTEST) project build of Europe information society technology (IST) [8] [9] [10] the 3 D video processing chain, wherein active data representes it is one of most significant problems in this project.In fact, currently there are many kinds of 3 D video forms, like the radio hookup formula, the solid formula that interweaves, two dimension+degree of depth formula, multiple view video coding formula, depth of seam division video etc.The discussion of these details can be found in [11].Rule of thumb; Two viewpoints that solid interweaves in the form show in a frame through behind the down-samplings; Can reach the good balance between code efficiency and the encoder complexity with respect to extended formatting; Simultaneously (as H.264/AVC, kept very high compatibility between AVS) with traditional coding standard.These characteristics all help the application of 3 D video.Yet, because first viewpoint and second viewpoint are to obtain from the different angles of Same Scene at synchronization through two video cameras, exist very big correlation between two viewpoints, exist many redundant informations of looking in the interlacing frames of generation.
List of references:
[1]“Generic?coding?of?moving?pictures?and?associated?audio?information-Part?2：video，”ITU-T?Rec.H.222.0&ISO/IEC13818-1(MPEG2?Systems)，ITU-T?and?ISO/IEC?JTC1，1994
[2]“Report?on?3DAV?exploration，”ISO/IEC?JTC/SC29/WG11，N5878，July?2003.
[3]M.Jose，“MPEG?3DAV?AhG?activities?report，”65th?MPEG?Meeting，Trondheim，Norway，2003.
[4]“Advance?video?coding?for?generic?audio-visual?services，”ITU-T?Recommendation?H.264&ISO/IEC?14496-10AVC，2003.
[5]S.Shinya，K.Hideaki?and?Y.Ohtani，“Real-time?free-viewer?from?multi-view?video?plus?depth?representation?coded?byH.264/AVC?MVC?extension，”in?3DTV?Conference：The?True?Vision-Capture，Transmission?and?Display?of?3D?video，2009.
[6]Y.Chen，M.M.Hannuksela，L.Zhu，A.Hallapuro，M.Gabbouj，H.Li，“Coding?techniques?in?multiview?video?coding?andjoint?multiview?video?model，”in?Picture?Coding?Symposium，May，2009.
[7]“SEI?message?to?indicate?stereo?video?information?in?progressive?H.264?streams，”ISO/IEC?JTC1/SC29/WG11，JVT-L023，July?19-23，2004.
[8]ATTEST，2002-2004.European?IST-2001-34396?project.2002-2004.
[9]DISTIMA，1992-1995.European?Race?2045.project?1992-1995.
[10]PANORAMA，1995-1998.European?ACTS?AC092?project.1995-1998.
[11]A.Vetro，S.Yea?and?A.Smolic，“Towards?a?3D?Video?Format?for?Auto-Stereoscopic?Displays”，in?SPIE?Conf.onApplications?of?Digital?Image?Processing?XXXI，Vol.7073，September?2008.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention will solve is under the conventional hybrid coding framework, to improve the 3 D video intra-frame prediction method, improves the compression efficiency of 3 D video/image encoding.
Technical scheme provided by the invention is following:
Scheme 1: a kind of 3 D video intra-frame prediction method, be applied to contain in the same frame 3 D video under the interlace mode of different points of view image, it is characterized in that said method comprises the steps (flow process is referring to Fig. 1):
A) different points of view image in this frame is detached out;
B) at least one visual point image of encoding;
C) make up virtual frames image as a reference according to the visual point image of having encoded;
When d) encoding the current view point image, the reference picture with reference to a last step makes up carries out the difference search, obtains difference vector and residual matrix.
Scheme 2: a kind of preferred realization as scheme 1, it is characterized in that, in step a), said frame is carried out preliminary treatment, make it to be converted into vertical splicing pattern.For example:, move on to second visual point image Lower Half of frame for horizontal Two bors d's oeuveres pattern; For vertical Two bors d's oeuveres pattern, do not carry out any operation.
Scheme 3: as a kind of preferred realization of scheme 2; It is characterized in that the construction method of virtual frames is in the said step c): in the bottom of virtual frames, corresponding to the current view point image-region of frame after the preliminary treatment; Other visual point images with behind the coding are filled, and fill with default value in remaining zone.Default value can be an Any Digit.
The present invention provides a kind of 3 D video intra-frame predictive encoding method simultaneously, and scheme is following:
Scheme 4: a kind of 3 D video intra-frame predictive encoding method, be applied to contain in the same frame 3 D video under the interlace mode of different points of view image, it is characterized in that said method comprises the steps (referring to Fig. 2):
A) macro block that begins to encode;
B) adjacent block and the current block according to reconstruct carries out direction prediction in the frame;
C) according to the reconstructed image and the current block of coded views, utilize scheme 1 said method to carry out difference prediction in the frame, obtain difference vector and residual matrix;
D) the percent of pass distortion optimizing method obtains optimal frames inner estimation mode and intra prediction matrix;
E) residual matrix is carried out transform and quantization;
F) to quantization matrix and coding mode entropy coding;
G) output code flow file.
The present invention provides compensation coding/decoding method in the corresponding 3 D video frame simultaneously, and scheme is following:
Scheme 5: the interior coding/decoding method that compensates of a kind of 3 D video frame with scheme 4 correspondences is characterized in that said method comprises (flow process is referring to Fig. 3):
A) macro block that begins to decode;
B) according to ASCII stream file ASCII parse for frame internal schema;
C) resolve difference vector and residual matrix;
D) residual matrix is carried out inverse quantization, inverse transformation;
E) make up virtual reference image according to decoded other visual point images in the frame;
F) according to difference vector, inverse transformation residual matrix, virtual reference image carry out disparity-compensated in the frame;
G) macro block of output reconstruct.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: the present invention proposes difference Forecasting Methodology in a kind of new frame, improve precision of prediction through difference estimation in the frame.The present invention not only can obviously improve the compression efficiency of 3 D video/image encoding in the range of code rates commonly used, and computation complexity is relatively low simultaneously, is fit to practical application.
Description of drawings
Do further detailed explanation below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing specific embodiments of the invention, wherein:
Difference Forecasting Methodology flow chart in Fig. 13 D video frame
Fig. 23 D video intra-frame predictive encoding method flow chart
Compensation coding/decoding method flow chart in Fig. 33 D video frame
Frame after Fig. 4 preprocessing process (a) down-sampling and the preliminary treatment of fusion frame (b)
The rate distortion curve of Fig. 5 cycle tests
Embodiment
Be that example is done further explanation to the present invention with the frame of video that comprises two viewpoints below, but it should be noted that the present invention is not limited to two viewpoints, for the frame of video that comprises a plurality of viewpoints, scheme of the present invention is suitable equally.
Be directed to the interlace mode 3-D view/video that in a two field picture, has the image that comes from different points of view, shown in Fig. 4 (a), look a correlation and obviously be present in down-sampling and the fusion image, for coding, this correlation means redundancy.With two visual point images is example, if first visual point image of second visual point image of coding in the time frame in can reference frame, code efficiency will improve a lot so.Redundant in order can effectively to eliminate between looking, use difference estimation and disparity-compensated theory in the multiple view video coding, the image encoding of second viewpoint need be carried out after first viewpoint reconstruct.
Under the prerequisite that does not change original standard scan order,, need carry out preliminary treatment to putting in order of original image for horizontal Two bors d's oeuveres pattern.In the conventional coding standard; Defined the scanning sequency of horizontal direction, when the coding right side area, corresponding left field maybe be unavailable; Compatible for as far as possible with the conventional video coding standard; Before coding, need adjust, second viewpoint moved on to the Lower Half of frame, like Fig. 4 (b) to the structure of frame.When coding second viewpoint, the reconstructed image of first viewpoint can obtain fully like this.At display end, separate with up-sampling before, should be earlier carry out the last handling process opposite with preprocessing process to the back image of decoding.Then do not need preliminary treatment and reprocessing for vertical Two bors d's oeuveres pattern.
The difference Forecasting Methodology is directed to and in same frame, comprises the 3 D video frame that comes from two visual point images at least in the 3 D video frame, the different points of view image is detached out each viewpoint of encoding successively.Coding is during current view point, and with reference to by the virtual reference frame of coded views picture construction, flow process is as shown in Figure 1.With the horizontal Two bors d's oeuveres image of two viewpoints is example, and preprocess method detaches out with first visual point image at first as described above, first visual point image of encoding.Behind first viewpoint coding; Make up as follows one with preliminary treatment after the virtual reference frame of image equal resolution: in the bottom of virtual frames,, fill with first viewpoint after the reconstruct corresponding to second view region of frame after the preliminary treatment; Fill with default value in remaining zone, as 128.When coding second viewpoint, except common infra-frame prediction, the piece of second viewpoint is with reference to virtual frames.
3 D video intra-frame predictive encoding method flow process is as shown in Figure 2; In traditional frame, add the different Forecasting Methodology of incoming frame interpolation outside the directional prediction modes; The percent of pass distortion optimizing method is selected optimization model; Residual matrix under the optimization model is carried out conversion, quantification, optimum code pattern and quantification residual matrix entropy coding are obtained encoding code stream.
Compensation coding/decoding method flow process is as shown in Figure 3 in the 3 D video frame, obtains the difference vector and the residual matrix of current macro through the parsing code stream.According to the difference vector that parsing obtains, residual matrix and calculate the reconstruction value of current block by the virtual reference frame that other visual point images of decoding make up.The construction method of the virtual reference frame in the method that other visual point images make up the virtual reference frames of wherein having decoded and the interior difference Forecasting Methodology of 3 D video frame is identical.
Fig. 5 and table 1 have shown result's contrast that the present invention realizes on AVS reference software I frame, its intermediate-resolution is respectively 1920x1088 and 1024x768, the IBBP structured coding, and per 15 frames insert an I frame, and entropy coding uses C2DVLC.This result compares with the radio hookup form.Fig. 5 has listed the RD performance curve to sequence Poznan_Street (1920x1088) and lovebirdl (1024x768).As can be seen from Figure 5 the coding method of the 3 D video infra-frame prediction of the present invention's proposition can significantly improve the coding efficiency in the code check commonly used; This is because the redundant information of looking in the 3 D video frame under the interlace mode is removed, and has improved precision of prediction with respect to traditional intra-frame prediction method.In table 1, listed the bit rate on multisequencing more, tested and the result of variations of Y-PSNR (PSNR), experiment shows that the present invention can effectively improve the 3 d video encoding performance.
Table 1 test result
The intra-frame prediction method of looking the differences search that the present invention adopts with reference to other visual point images of reconstruct, has improved the precision of prediction of infra-frame prediction, thereby has improved the performance of binary encoding during the coding current view point.
Though present embodiment is on the I of AVS reference software frame, to realize, it is equally applicable to other encoding and decoding platform, as H.264/AVC, and VC-1, AVS etc.The present invention is applicable to the intraframe coding module of P frame and B frame too.
Claims (5)
1. 3 D video intra-frame prediction method is applied to contain in the same frame 3 D video under the interlace mode of different points of view image, it is characterized in that said method comprises the steps:
A) different points of view image in this frame is detached out;
B) at least one visual point image of encoding;
C) make up virtual frames image as a reference according to the visual point image of having encoded;
When d) encoding the current view point image, the reference picture with reference to a last step makes up carries out the difference search, obtains difference vector and residual matrix.
2. intra-frame prediction method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, in step a), said frame is carried out preliminary treatment, makes it to be converted into vertical splicing pattern.
3. intra-frame prediction method as claimed in claim 2; It is characterized in that; The construction method of virtual frames is in the said step c): in the bottom of virtual frames; Corresponding to the current view point image-region of frame after the preliminary treatment, to fill with other visual point images behind the coding, fill with default value in remaining zone.
4. 3 D video intra-frame predictive encoding method is applied to contain in the same frame 3 D video under the interlace mode of different points of view image, it is characterized in that said method comprises the steps:
A) macro block that begins to encode;
B) adjacent block and the current block according to reconstruct carries out direction prediction in the frame;
C) according to the reconstructed image and the current block of coded views, utilize the said method of claim 1 to carry out difference prediction in the frame, obtain difference vector and residual matrix;
D) the percent of pass distortion optimizing method obtains optimal frames inner estimation mode and intra prediction matrix;
E) residual matrix is carried out transform and quantization;
F) to quantization matrix and coding mode entropy coding;
G) output code flow file.
One kind with the corresponding 3 D video frame of claim 4 in the compensation coding/decoding method, it is characterized in that said method comprises:
A) macro block that begins to decode;
B) according to ASCII stream file ASCII parse for frame internal schema;
C) resolve difference vector and residual matrix;
D) residual matrix is carried out inverse quantization, inverse transformation;
E) make up virtual reference image according to decoded other visual point images in the frame;
F) according to difference vector, inverse transformation residual matrix, virtual reference image carry out disparity-compensated in the frame;
G) macro block of output reconstruct.
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