CN102260115A - Preparation method of ecotype carpet turf substrate - Google Patents
Preparation method of ecotype carpet turf substrate Download PDFInfo
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- CN102260115A CN102260115A CN2011101291566A CN201110129156A CN102260115A CN 102260115 A CN102260115 A CN 102260115A CN 2011101291566 A CN2011101291566 A CN 2011101291566A CN 201110129156 A CN201110129156 A CN 201110129156A CN 102260115 A CN102260115 A CN 102260115A
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Landscapes
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种生态型地毯草皮基质制备方法，包括以下步骤：a、以矿化垃圾为原料，将矿化垃圾进行筛分，筛分时选用15mm孔径的筛网；b、将a步骤中筛下的矿化垃圾与壤土或黏土按比例均匀混合，其重量配比组成为：矿化垃圾40~80%，壤土或黏土60~20%；c、按照总重量比1~2%的比例添加钾肥并混合均匀；d、加入氮肥将上述得到的混合物中的C:N调节为20~35:1，即得到所需基质。本发明通过将填埋场的矿化垃圾与壤土或黏土按一定比例混合组配出地毯草皮栽培基质，不仅可以促进矿化垃圾的资源化利用，而且对节约城郊土壤资源、构建城市绿化体系具有重要意义，符合保护环境、降低成本、提高效益的生态可持续发展的要求。The invention discloses a method for preparing an ecological carpet turf substrate, comprising the following steps: a. using mineralized garbage as a raw material, and screening the mineralized garbage, and selecting a sieve with an aperture of 15 mm; b. The mineralized waste under the middle sieve is uniformly mixed with loam or clay in proportion, and its weight ratio is composed of: 40-80% of mineralized waste, 60-20% of loam or clay; c, according to the total weight ratio of 1-2% Add potassium fertilizer in proportion and mix evenly; d. Add nitrogen fertilizer to adjust the C:N in the mixture obtained above to 20~35:1 to obtain the required substrate. The present invention mixes the mineralized waste from the landfill with loam or clay in a certain proportion to prepare the carpet turf cultivation substrate, which can not only promote resource utilization of the mineralized waste, but also contribute to saving suburban soil resources and building an urban greening system. It is of great significance and meets the requirements of ecological sustainable development that protects the environment, reduces costs and improves benefits.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of environmental carpet compounded turf matrix preparation method's technology of preparing, also relate to a kind of mineralized waste application technology as the second resource simultaneously.
Background technology
At present, there are hundreds of seat health and accurate sanitary city household refuse landfill sites and general stockyard in China, has inserted or several ten million tons of heap garbages.Rubbish in the landfill yard has reached stabilization of state basically after the several years degraded, be called mineralized waste.Because the refuse landfill of China's overwhelming majority all is built in suburbs, along with the development in city, almost the refuse production in each city is all increasing, and the area of required landfill yard is increasing; In addition, along with expanding economy and Increase of population, land resources is more and more nervous, the suburbs land price rises rapidly, especially east and each large-and-medium size cities, south, density of population height around the suburbs, land expropriation cost also increases, it is very difficult to satisfy the demand that new landfill yard will constantly be provided, or even impossible.Therefore, landfill yard in case selected and be put to use after, should extremely treasure, prolong working life as far as possible, enlarge the landfill capacity.An important and feasible method that addresses this problem is exactly that stabilized mineralized waste is exploited, and promptly landfill yard is handled the place as the transfer of rubbish, rather than final home to return to.Mineralized waste can obtain organic fines of 50% ~ 60%, the article of 30% ~ 35% recyclable utilization (man-made fiber, plastics, glass, metal etc.) after exploitation, screening; Nearly 20% ~ 25% coarse fodder must be backfilling in the landfill yard and go, and 75% ~ 80% the landfill space of vacateing is used for the fresh domestic refuse of landfill.No matter this measure is for the huge investment that economizes the land resource and build landfill yard, still to solving the domestic refuse problem of outlet, all is of great importance.On the other hand, according to statistics, only have 47% to enter regular refuse landfill in China's domestic waste, and have an informal refuse landfill over half (simple and easy landfill, stack, bank up etc.) to be in runaway condition.In the regulation in these informal refuse tips, the rubbish of mineralising separated be used, significant for the intractability and the cost that reduce follow-up link.
Lawn greening has become the essential tone of urban afforestation, be the show window in city, the sign of civilization, along with development, the living standards of the people of China's urban construction improve constantly, more and more higher to environment requirement, turf is to build one of indispensable product of garden-like cities, annual requirement reaches up to a million square metres, and the Lawn Industry development has broad prospects.
The planting and establishing method of carpet turf commonly used is at present: directly arable land upper seeding wheel grass-seed, treat to connect after grass grows up to the soil zone sod lifter and become the turf volume, transport to the city cover plant.This method can be easy to advantages such as loading transports, rate of loss is little, turf speed is fast, maintenance management is easy with becoming the turf volume on level ground to be laid immediately on the bare area, having.But, also there is serious deficiency in such mode of production: because turf production is matrix with the fine topsoil soils, a turf production approximately needs the topsoil soils of 3 ~ 5 cm thicks, like this, fertile topsoil soils resource is also just along with the sale of turf is brought in the city, then through becoming very barren after the turf production several times, the plantation of three four seasons grass is enough to destroy the arable layer in existing farmland in the farmland.One resembles big like this city, Beijing, and the turf amount of sodding was about 600 ~ 7,000,000 square metres in 1 year, all plays the thick soil of 3cm if each turf goes out the garden, just need peel off soil table soil 18 ~ 210,000 m in 1 year
3, this has caused great waste for the land resources of our national precious.Therefore, the phenomenon of current now carpet sod culture pattern waste soil resource is very serious, also causes ecological environment problems such as Soil degradation easily.
Developing new low input, eco-friendly compounded turf matrix production technology, is a key issue needing solution in the turf production badly; The domestic technology of having developed some alternative traditional turf production matrix.It is the compounded turf matrix preparation method of main raw material with urban waste such as municipal wastes, municipal sludge, agricultural crop straw, aquaculture waste or agricultural wastes that Chen Tongbins etc. are developed a kind of, with waste through forming compounded turf matrix (Chinese patent application number: 02156025) with loam or clay ingredient after the compost treatment.Many upright peaces wait develops a kind of method that adopts consumer waste compost with different grain diameter to impose on lawn matrix (Chinese patent application number: 200610014365).Chen Shanxiang etc. develop a kind of agricultural organic waste that utilizes, and make up the method (Chinese patent application number: 201010131327) of compounded turf matrix as old chaff ash, wood sawdust, animal excrement, the former powder of humic acids etc.It is main raw material with desilting mud, blue-green algae and/or Herba Eichhorniae that Yang Hao etc. develop a kind of, wheat straw or straw and chicken manure and/or pig manure are auxiliary material, mix to constitute composting material, the fermentation back forms the method (Chinese patent application number: 200810243186) of lawn base-material.Mao Yu etc. develop a kind of with pulverized plant fibre, animal fibre or regenerated fiber, through stirring, combing, be shaped into continuous cushion material, grass seeds and charity are sowed by peat and wood sawdust, pine needle, leaf, rice chaff, agricultural crop straw one or more miscellany wherein in the surface thereon, the cultivation coverture that fertilizer such as the detritus thing that forms after fermenting and organic and inorganic and trace element are formed, the method for formation lawn soilless matrix (Chinese patent application number: 200310103314).Wang Xiaoli etc. develop a kind of method (Chinese patent application number: 200410021762) of making compounded turf matrix with coconut husk, the peat composed of rotten mosses, artificial wool, cloth waste through pulverizing, mixing, acupuncture processing.Li Jianlong etc. have developed dried sawdust of a kind of employing and rice husk) as the method for culture medium (Chinese patent application number: 200510041165).Xu Ren button waits has developed a kind of method of utilizing architecture sediment and mud to produce compounded turf matrix (Chinese patent application number: 200910036221).Han Liebaos etc. have been developed a kind of method of utilizing city compost and sand to make non-earth greensward cultivation ground mass (Chinese patent application number: 200810104128).But these compounded turf matrixes preparation method's technology still exists making processes complicated, the defective that cost is higher.
Simultaneously, use mineralized waste as handling matrix treatments municipal effluent, fowl poultry waste water, landfill percolate, coking chemical waste water, and more existing report (Qian Xiaoqing etc. of the research of part waste gas, 2006. environmental hygiene engineering. 14 (2): 62-64), but, how to utilize mineralized waste better for development research, the technology that turns waste into wealth remains present those skilled in the art's research direction.
Summary of the invention
At above-mentioned prior art deficiency, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: how the environmental carpet compounded turf matrix preparation method that a kind of preparation technology is simple, preparation cost is cheap is provided, make mineralized waste can access effective recycling simultaneously, reach the effect that turns waste into wealth.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, adopted following technical scheme among the present invention:
A kind of environmental carpet compounded turf matrix preparation method may further comprise the steps:
A, be raw material, mineralized waste is sieved, select the screen cloth in 15mm aperture during screening for use with the mineralized waste;
B, with the uniform mixing in proportion of undersized mineralized waste and loam or clay in a step, its weight proportion consists of: mineralized waste 40 ~ 80%, loam or clay 60 ~ 20%;
C, add potash fertilizer than the ratio of 1-2% and mix according to gross weight;
D, adding nitrogenous fertilizer are adjusted to 20 ~ 35:1 with the C:N in the above-mentioned mixture that obtains, and promptly obtain required matrix.
In the technical program, described mineralized waste is meant that landfill reaches stabilization for many years substantially in landfill yard, can exploit the rubbish of utilization.In the technical program a step, because mineralized waste is through for many years anaerobically fermenting, except that some inorganic substance such as glass, metal, rubber, plastics or organic hard-degraded substance, most of organic matter has obtained degraded more fully, make rubbish become a kind of particulate state soil material of similar soil ulmin, and contain nutritive elements such as certain nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, need not pre-process basically, just can be directly used in and sieve.Adopt the screen cloth in 15mm aperture during screening, the selection of this mesh size, be can be on the one hand so that the material under the screening is the high organic fines of nutrient contg substantially, get rid of coarse fodders such as undegradable man-made fiber, plastics, glass, metal in the mineralized waste, the material overwhelming majority under can't guaranteeing if the aperture is excessive to sieve is organic fines; Simultaneously on the other hand, this mesh size also can be so that contain the comparatively thick particle of section diameter in the undersized material, contain a certain amount of gap in the feasible like this compounded turf matrix that finally obtains, and then when culturing turf, can be beneficial to the absorption of nutrient water and the growth of turf root, obtain good cultivation effect, if mesh size is too small, undersized material is meticulous, then can't reach this effect.Like this, undersized mineralized waste fines has good physico-chemical property, and its organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorous, cation exchange capacity all obviously surpass sand.Wherein, the quality of organic matter mark is up to about 10%, and is similar with fertile soil; The massfraction of total nitrogen, total phosphorus also is higher than conventional soil; Cation exchange capacity exceeds tens of times especially up to more than the 0.068mol than common sand in the dried rubbish of every 100g, also exceeds two or three times than fertile soil.In addition, compare with conventional soil, the total plate count of mineralized waste is close on the order of magnitude Yu than rich soil.Existence has huge, the miscellaneous microorganism of quantity in the mineralized waste, and can be microorganism good living environment is provided.Studies show that, do not contain harmful pathogenic bacteria and bacteriums such as O type foot and mouth disease virus, pathogenic colon bacillus, Salmonellas, suis and staphylococcus glucose coccus in the mineralized waste.Therefore, mineralized waste is harmless, can be applied to compounded turf matrix production.In addition, the unit weight of mineralized waste or stale garbage uses them can also reduce the weight of turf as matrix usually less than soil.
In the b step, described loam or clay are existing soil type, mix composition and proterties that soil can be regulated matrix, make it be more conducive to field planting after turf growth and turf are transplanted, also are beneficial to turf roll set when harvesting is transported simultaneously, and described ratio is 20 ~ 60%.After deliberation, mineralized waste to the chlorophyll content, underground biomass, the turf toughness that improve sod grass, increase the turf cover degree, shorten the turf production cycle, delay the turf winter wither, the retentiveness etc. of improving compounded turf matrix has tangible effect, but if usage quantity excessive (surpassing 80%), then may produce restraining effect, and may cause the density of turf, the turf that freshness is cultivated not as good as field soil the germination of turfgrass seed; And in order better to play the effect that reduces soil resource consumption and improve the turf quality, the usage quantity of mineralized waste should be not less than 40%.Therefore, the soil ratio of interpolation is advisable with 20 ~ 60%.
Adding potash fertilizer in the c step, is because contain a large amount of organic matters and nitrogen phosphorus nutrient in the mineralized waste, but often have potassium content problem on the low side, so in order to guarantee the good growth of turfgrass, should suitably replenish potassium element nutrition in the production process of compounded turf matrix.According to research, add the content of potassium element and be advisable with 1 ~ 2%.Wherein as optimizing, described potash fertilizer is chosen as Repone K, vitriolate of tartar or saltpetre, is potash fertilizer commonly used, and it is cheap to be convenient to purchase and cost.
In the d step, add nitrogenous fertilizer, be because, some mineralized waste or stale garbage may exist C content higher relatively, the problem of C:N proportional imbalance, therefore should suitably adjust the C:N ratio according to practical situation in the compounded turf matrix production process is 20 ~ 35:1, to guarantee the nitrogen supply of compounded turf matrix.Wherein as optimizing, nitrogenous fertilizer is chosen as nitrogenous fertilizer urea commonly used; It is cheap to be convenient to purchase and cost.
In sum, the present invention has two outstanding characteristics: 1. can realize the abundant efficient resource utilization of mineralized waste, alleviate environmental pollution pressure, and avoid hazardous and noxious substances to enter food chain; 2. can alleviate existing sod culture mode and too much consume the pressure of soil resource.Compare with the expensive compounded turf matrix production method of existing mass consumption soil resource, method provided by the invention meets the requirement of ecological Sustainable development, all has positive effect for protection environment, reduce cost, increase the benefit etc., and popularizing application prospect is wide.
Embodiment
Embodiment one
Is that the screen cloth of 15mm sieves with mineralized waste with the aperture, gets 400 kg screen underflows, adds 2 kg Repone K and 598 kg loams, and adding urea, to regulate C:N be 20:1, and fully mixing obtains compounded turf matrix.Above-mentioned compounded turf matrix that obtains and normal soil matrix are done simultaneous test, both matrix evenly are paved into 3 ~ 4 cm separately, sow ryegrass seed, carry out daily nursing according to common turf plantation bookkeeping standard, matrix of the present invention 118 days the level ground obtain required turf, Zao 7 days than normal soil matrix; The turf growing way is better than the growing way of normal soil matrix turf simultaneously.
Embodiment 2
Is that the screen cloth of 15mm sieves with mineralized waste with the aperture, gets 600 kg screen underflows, adds 2 kg Repone K and 398 kg clays, and adding urea, to regulate C:N be 35:1, and fully mixing obtains compounded turf matrix.Above-mentioned compounded turf matrix that obtains and normal soil matrix are done simultaneous test, both matrix evenly are paved into 3 ~ 4 cm separately, sow tall fescue seed, carry out daily nursing according to common turf plantation bookkeeping standard, matrix of the present invention 54 days the level ground obtain required turf, Zao 11 days than normal soil matrix; The turf growing way is better than the growing way of normal soil matrix turf simultaneously.
Claims (4)
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102577854A (en) * | 2012-03-07 | 2012-07-18 | 浙江师范大学 | Method for application study of mineralized rubbish as lawn soil |
| CN102617200A (en) * | 2012-03-19 | 2012-08-01 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Method for composing sludge by adding mineralized waste |
| CN103069946A (en) * | 2013-02-07 | 2013-05-01 | 熊汉夫 | Method for planting bamboo willow in saline-alkali wetland of hilly area by using landfilled and stacked old waste |
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| CN102617200B (en) * | 2012-03-19 | 2013-08-14 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Method for composing sludge by adding mineralized waste |
| CN103069946A (en) * | 2013-02-07 | 2013-05-01 | 熊汉夫 | Method for planting bamboo willow in saline-alkali wetland of hilly area by using landfilled and stacked old waste |
| CN103461084A (en) * | 2013-09-12 | 2013-12-25 | 北京林业大学 | Afforesting matrix for improving stone-pit waste muck and preparation method and application of afforesting matrix |
| CN103461084B (en) * | 2013-09-12 | 2014-12-10 | 北京林业大学 | Afforesting matrix for improving stone-pit waste muck and preparation method and application of afforesting matrix |
| CN103739403A (en) * | 2014-01-22 | 2014-04-23 | 山西大学 | Compound substrate for cultivating lawns and preparation method thereof |
| CN107027541A (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2017-08-11 | 北京农学院 | A kind of method of the utilization municipal solid wastes production afforestation raw-soil again |
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