Solid-liquid waste oxygen enrichment bioremediation and system
Technical field
The invention belongs to agriculture herding environmental technology field, be specifically related to a kind of treatment process and treatment system of solid-liquid waste.
Background technology
Solid-liquid refuse processing method commonly used both at home and abroad at present has following several:
1, sanitary landfill
Sanitary landfill is to select reasonably to stack the place, a kind of mode of carrying out refuse treatment through measure such as water leakage, earth backing, and many in the world countries are used widely.The rubbish of China more than 80% is taked sanitary landfill, and its advantage is that less investment, processing costs are low, treatment capacity is big, easy and simple to handle.Its shortcoming is that floor space is big, and along with being on the increase of human lives's rubbish, its floor space also can be on the increase thereupon, be located in remotely, haul distance is far away, the addressing difficulty, Gu the objectionable impurities seepage in useless may pollute underground water, can cause secondary pollution.
2, burn
Waste incineration is to utilize high temperature that the organism exhaustive oxidation in the rubbish is decomposed, and in combustion processes carbon and protium is converted into CO
2And water, kill virus and bacterium under the high temperature, a kind of mode of decrement and loss of weight effectively, the level of residue after the burning has only 5% ~ 20% of former quantity of refuse, is suitable for the higher domestic refuse of combustible content.Burning method is the technology of garbage disposal that each developed country of the world generally adopts.Plasma burning method and two-part gasification burning method are also popularized at home gradually at present.The waste incineration method takes up an area of less, pollutes little, and heat energy can utilize, but investment and operation cost height burn the gas (as Dioxins) and the ashes that produce and may cause secondary pollution.Incinerating the method accounting at present in Urban Garbage Treatment in China only is 5%.
3, pyrolytic technique
The solid waste pyrolysis is meant under anaerobic or anoxia condition, and the Flammable Solid Class 4.1 refuse is at high temperature decomposed, and finally becomes the chemical decomposition process of inflammable gas, oil, solid shape carbon.Method for pyrolysis is applicable to municipal solid wastes, mud, industrial waste such as plastics, rubber etc.Combustible gas, wet goods that pyrolysis produces can be recycled, its energy recovery is good, and environmental pollution is little, reduces the refuse amount of destroying the secondary pollution that causes by fire and needing landfill to dispose, this is that pyrolysis processing technology biggest advantage pyrolysis processing shortcoming is a technical sophistication, invests huge.
4, microorganism treatment
Microorganism treatment is exactly to utilize self the metabolism of microorganism that solid waste is carried out Decomposition to make it innoxious.Breeding earthworm is a kind of method of microbiological treatment rubbish.Article one, the earthworm quantity of refuse of eating every day is equivalent to 2~3 times of its body weight, is tasteless, harmless, the multifunction biofertilizer efficiently of high-quality through eat movement after handling of earthworm, can be used for flower culture and fruits and vegetables production.Organic matter rubbish after decomposing through cockroach does not in addition not only have corrupt smelly pollutent to generate, but also is the high-quality fertilizer material.The microbial treatment method less investment, simple and easy to do, handle thoroughly, do not form secondary pollution, in fact rebuild the process recycling of a material, both can eliminate environmental pollution, can turn waste into wealth again.This technology still is in developmental stage, mainly has only American-European developed country to use.
5, compost
Composting process is placed under the certain conditions solid is discarded exactly, and through nature or bacterial classification effect, the fermentation calefaction degradation of organic substances is realized innoxiously, and generation fertilizer or deep processing are the treatment process of compoiste fertilizer after screening is handled.Composting process is divided into aerobic compost method and anaerobic composting method.At present compost treatment mainly to as if domestic waste and sludge of sewage treatment plant, human and animal excreta, agricultural wastes, food-processing industry waste etc.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of solid-liquid waste oxygen enrichment bioremediation and system, solve that the solid-liquid waste is not easy to handle and processing cost height, the serious technical problem of secondary pollution.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
This solid-liquid waste oxygen enrichment bioremediation, step is as follows:
Step 1 is mixed solid-liquid waste, livestock and poultry cultivation ight soil, dried spike by mass ratio 8:1:1~7:1:2, and adds the mineral additive and mix and form solid-liquid waste mixture, and the addition of mineral additive is 0.1~5% of a dried spike weight;
Step 2, the biological oxygen enrichment fermentation of slot type, solid-liquid waste mixture is transported in the fermenter of fermentation plant, in the material fermenting process, charging into oxygen level〉40% the gas that is mixed is rapidly heated material to carry out abundant aerobic fermentation, and in the material fermenting process, make material be in the oxygen enrichment state all the time by the power machine stirring, leavening temperature remains between 50~70 ℃, and fermentation time is 4~8 days, material is fermented to water ratio drop to below 55%;
Step 3, bar buttress formula biological fermentation will spread out into the long strip shape stockpile through the solid-liquid waste mixture of the biological oxygen enrichment fermentation of slot type, stir by power machine every day to make material be in the oxygen enrichment state all the time, fermentation time is 4~8 days, drops to below 30% until water ratio;
Step 4 is mixed with other nutrient substance additives, granulation, packing, is mixed with the feature fertilizer at different purposes.
Described dried spike is the mixture of clay, agricultural wastes and garden waste after pulverizing, and its mixing quality ratio is: 5~8:1:5~10.
Described mineral additive is one or more the mixture in clay, medical stone powder, diatomite in powder, volcano rock dust, perlite powder, zeolite powder, polygorskite powder, sepiolite powder, wollastonite powder, snake stone flour and the vermiculite.
By forcing plough groove type supply air system and tubular type induced draught system, solid-liquid waste mixture is in carries out gaseous interchange in the airflow flowing in the described step 2, the waste gas that is displaced is delivered to deodoration system; The lay thickness of solid-liquid waste mixture in fermenter is 60~100cm.
The stacking width of solid-liquid waste mixture is 1.5~2.0 meters in the described step 3, highly is 0.5~1.0 meter.
After the described step 3 part fermented product is carried out step 1 again to step 4.
This solid-liquid waste oxygen enrichment biological treatment system, comprise blending device, the fermenter of handling solid-liquid waste mixture, bar buttress formula fermentation place and mixing machinery, wrapping mechanism that order is provided with, described fermenter is positioned at fermentation plant, the building enclosure of fermentation plant is provided with that sunlight is injected, the passage of airiness and water vapour circulation, and the bar buttress both sides in described fermenter both sides and bar buttress formula fermentation place are all across the track that is provided with for the material turning machine walking.
The bottom of described solid-liquid waste mixture, be provided with the aeration pipe trench on the ground of fermentation plant, be provided with in the described aeration pipe trench can be from the bottom to inflation of fermented product stockpile aeration and aeration tube that the foul smell in the fermented product stockpile is blown out, be furnished with solarization air cap on the aeration tube, be filled with pebbles around the aeration tube, respectively be covered with one deck Filtration Adsorption layer on the bottom of aeration pipe trench and the top pebbles;
Be equipped with at 0.8~1 meter, the sky of distance solid-liquid waste mixture stockpile foul smell is blown to solid-liquid waste mixture two ends, spray deodorant liquid simultaneously and remove the high pressure deodorization spraying machine of solid-liquid waste mixture part foul smell, the spout of high pressure deodorization spraying machine is towards solid-liquid waste mixture;
Below the roof at solid-liquid waste mixture two ends, suspend and the foul smell that solid-liquid waste mixture produces can be evacuated to outdoor air draught airduct, be distributed with wind inlet on the air draught airduct, the outlet air end of air draught airduct is communicated with the inlet mouth of the spray deodorizing tower of administering foul smell.
Described aeration tube bank fermented product stockpile length is to being provided with together or two to three roads arranged side by side.
Described solarization air cap is distributed in the aeration tube two side to 45 degree places, oblique below, and the spacing of solarization air cap is 5~10cm.
Compared with prior art the present invention has following characteristics and beneficial effect:
The present invention mixes solid-liquid waste, livestock and poultry cultivation ight soil, dried spike by formula rate, by combination trough type fermentation and bar buttress formula zymotechnique, its fermenting process is carried out under excess oxygen, macromole organic matter in the material progressively obtains degraded, reduce foul smell and produce, and make the water ratio of material finally drop to 30%.During the fermentation, 50 ~ 70 ℃ high temperature can be killed various harmful bacterium and worm's ovum, has reached innoxious and purpose minimizing.The present invention adopts oxygen enrichment technology, promotes the material fermentation that is rapidly heated, and finishes resource utilization, the harmless treatment of solid-liquid waste.It is below 8 millimeters that material after the fermentation is crushed to granularity through disintegrating apparatus, and the final fertilizer that forms meets national sector standard, can be used for afforestation, improvement sandy bare land etc.
Advantage of the present invention is as follows:
1, traditional compost or other aerobic fermentation process technological method fermentation periods are long, generally more than 10 ~ 30 days.Adopt solid-liquid waste oxygen enrichment bioremediation and system can shorten fermentation period, reduce floor space and running cost, solved the secondary pollution problems such as stench that local anaerobism produces in the aerobic fermentation.
2, solid-liquid waste oxygen enrichment bioremediation and system adopt the circulation oxygen-enriched stream that is mixed to add the mechanical stirring mode, have increased the oxygen level of fermenting process.
3, present technique is compared with technologies such as tradition or conventional mechanical compost or mechanical biological dryings and has been reduced energy consumption.
The present invention is based on the sludge composting technology, utilize oxygen enrichment technology to improve the rate of becoming thoroughly decomposed of material aerobic fermentation, shorten fermentation period, reduce production costs, under the constant prerequisite of floor space, enlarged the technology of treatment scale.
The present invention is applicable to the processing of solid-liquid wastes such as mud, domestic refuse, livestock and poultry cultivation ight soil, plant husbandry and gardens that urban wastewater treatment firm produces are useless admittedly.
Description of drawings
The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is a process flow sheet of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the biological oxygen enrichment fermentation of slot type.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation (band material turning machine) in the biological oxygen enrichment fermentative processing of slot type workshop.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation (band aeration pipe trench) in the biological oxygen enrichment fermentative processing of slot type workshop.
Fig. 5 is the distribution plan of solarization air cap on aeration tube.
Fig. 6 is the plot plan of air draught airduct.
Fig. 7 is the synoptic diagram of bar buttress formula fermentation.
Reference numeral: 1-solid-liquid waste mixture, 2-fermenter, 3-fermentation plant, 4-sunlight, 5-air, 6-water vapour, 7-bar buttress formula fermentation place, 8-material turning machine, 9-roof, 10-body of wall, 11-high pressure deodorization spraying machine, 12-aeration pipe trench, 13-aeration tube, 14-solarization air cap, 15-pebbles, 16-Filtration Adsorption layer, 17-air draught airduct, 18-wind inlet, 19-blower fan, 20-track.
Embodiment
Embodiment one, referring to shown in Figure 1, handles the excess sludge that certain urban wastewater treatment firm produces, and its water content is 85~88%, and pH is 7.3, and organic content is greater than 65%.
This solid-liquid waste oxygen enrichment bioremediation, step is as follows:
Step 1 is mixed solid-liquid waste, livestock and poultry cultivation ight soil and dried spike by mass ratio 7:1:2, and 0.2% the mineral additive that adds dried spike weight mixes;
Step 2, the biological oxygen enrichment fermentation of slot type, solid-liquid waste mixture is transported in the fermenter of fermentation plant, in the material fermenting process, charging into oxygen level〉40% the gas that is mixed is rapidly heated material to carry out abundant aerobic fermentation, and in the material fermenting process, make material be in the oxygen enrichment state all the time by the power machine stirring, leavening temperature is 50~70 ℃, and fermentation time is 7 days, material is fermented to water ratio drop to 50%;
Step 3, bar buttress formula biological fermentation will spread out into the long strip shape stockpile through the solid-liquid waste mixture of the biological oxygen enrichment fermentation of slot type, stir by power machine every day to make material be in the oxygen enrichment state all the time, and fermentation time is 7 days, and water ratio drops to 25%;
Step 4, fragmentation, packing will be crushed to fine grain fertilizer below 8 millimeters through the material 1 after the fermentation.
The solid-liquid waste can be excess sludge or the screen underflow of application of city life garbage process sorting generation or the mixture of the two that urban wastewater treatment firm produces.
Dried spike is the mixture of clay, agricultural wastes and garden waste after pulverizing, and its mixing quality ratio is: 5~8:1:5~10.Dried spike except that above-mentioned different materials, can also adopt stalk, straw, rice husk, boll hull, peat, argol just, one or more the mixture in stationery rubbish, medical stone powder, diatomite in powder, volcano rock dust, perlite powder, zeolite powder, polygorskite powder, sepiolite powder, wollastonite powder, snake stone flour and the vermiculite.
The mineral additive is one or more the mixture in volcano rock dust, perlite powder, zeolite powder, polygorskite powder, sepiolite powder, wollastonite powder, snake stone flour and the vermiculite.
The fertilizer of making after embodiment one fermentation meets the national Ministry of Agriculture " organic fertilizer " standard, total nutrient〉4.5%, the coliform value〉0.111g/.
Embodiment two, referring to shown in Figure 1, handle the screen underflow that application of city life garbage produces through sorting, and water ratio is 80~85%, this solid-liquid waste oxygen enrichment bioremediation, and step is as follows:
Step 1 is mixed solid-liquid waste, livestock and poultry cultivation ight soil and dried spike by mass ratio 8:1:1, and adds the mineral additive and mix and form solid-liquid waste mixture, and the addition of mineral additive is 1% of a dried spike weight;
Step 2, the biological oxygen enrichment fermentation of slot type, solid-liquid waste mixture is transported in the fermenter of fermentation plant, in the material fermenting process, charging into oxygen level〉40% the gas that is mixed is rapidly heated material to carry out abundant aerobic fermentation, and in the material fermenting process, make material be in the oxygen enrichment state all the time by the power machine stirring, leavening temperature is 50~70 ℃, and fermentation time is 7 days, material is fermented to water ratio drop to 45%;
Step 3, bar buttress formula biological fermentation will spread out into the long strip shape stockpile through the solid-liquid waste mixture of the biological oxygen enrichment fermentation of slot type, stir by power machine every day to make material be in the oxygen enrichment state all the time, and fermentation time is 7 days, and water ratio drops to 30%;
Step 4, fragmentation, will be crushed to granularity through the solid-liquid waste mixture 1 after the fermentation is fine grain fertilizer below 8 millimeters.
Referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 3, shown in Figure 7, this solid-liquid waste oxygen enrichment biological treatment system, comprise blending device, the fermenter 2 of handling solid-liquid waste mixture 1, bar buttress formula fermentation place 7 and mixing machinery, crushing mechanism that order is provided with, described fermenter 2 is positioned at fermentation plant 3, the building enclosure of fermentation plant 3 is provided with the passage that sunlight 4 is injected, air 5 circulates and water vapour 6 circulates, and described fermenter 2 both sides are across the track 20 that is provided with for material turning machine 8 walkings.
Shown in Fig. 4-6, when the biological oxygen enrichment of described slot type ferments, also can be in the bottom of solid-liquid waste mixture 1, be provided with aeration pipe trench 12 on the ground of fermentation plant 3, be provided with in the described aeration pipe trench 12 can be from the bottom to inflation of fermented product stockpile aeration and aeration tube 13 that the foul smell in the fermented product stockpile is blown out, be furnished with solarization air cap 14 on the aeration tube 13, be filled with pebbles 15 around the aeration tube 13, respectively be covered with one deck Filtration Adsorption layer 16 on the bottom of aeration pipe trench 12 and the top pebbles;
Be equipped with at 0.8~1 meter, the sky of distance solid-liquid waste mixture stockpile 7 foul smell is blown to solid-liquid waste mixture two ends, spray deodorant liquid simultaneously and remove the high pressure deodorization spraying machine 11 of solid-liquid waste mixture part foul smell, the spout of high pressure deodorization spraying machine 11 is towards solid-liquid waste mixture 7;
Below the roof 9 at solid-liquid waste mixture two ends, suspend and the foul smell that solid-liquid waste mixture produces can be evacuated to outdoor air draught airduct 17, be distributed with wind inlet 18 on the air draught airduct, the outlet air end of air draught airduct 17 is communicated with the inlet mouth of the spray deodorizing tower of administering foul smell.
Referring to shown in Figure 5, described solarization air cap 14 is distributed in aeration tube 13 two sides to 45 degree places, oblique below, and the spacing of solarization air cap 14 is 5~10cm.