CN101822214A - Method for breeding minitype potato seeds by directly using potato stem segments - Google Patents
Method for breeding minitype potato seeds by directly using potato stem segments Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a production method of minitype potato seeds bred by directly using potato stem segments, relating to the minitype potato seed high power propagation technology. In the invention, potato detoxification test tube tissue culture plantlet stem segments are used as a raw material, and then are directly implanted in an MS liquid or solid induction medium without any plant growth hormone, and the minitype potato seeds capable of sprouting are induced and produced in 6-8 weeks. The tissue culture plantlet stem segments are directly bred without changing the medium, thus obtaining the potato seeds in one step. The method has the advantages of saving time, labor and cost, having simple equipment, less used plantlets, less consumed time, rapid propagation and high efficiency and the like. The breeding period is 1.5-2 months, production can be performed for 5-6 periods each year, and the breeding chamber at unit area can produce 500,000-600,000 minitype potato seeds, thus making full use of the tissue culture chamber production space, greatly improving the output of the detoxification minitype potato seeds at each unit area, and increasing the production efficiency at each unit area by 50-100 times. The method is suitable for large-scale factory production of minitype potato seeds.
Description
Technical field
Belong to plant cloning and technical field of bioengineering.
Technical background
Virus-free seed potato production is the key link in the seed potato breeding of method, and wherein the miniature little potato production of detoxification is the core and basis that good potato seeds at different levels are bred.The test tube micro potato is the tubercle of Laboratory Production, if can directly utilize, then save solarium, land for growing field crops breeding fully, the problem of having avoided virus to infect again, thereby be the difficult problem that the large-scale industrialized production of world's seed potato expectation is captured, the application of virus-free seed potato simultaneously be solve potato produce in potato seed degenerate and improve the key of potato production benefit.
Traditional virus-free seed potato production is on the basis of Laboratory Production detoxification test tube plantlet, through being transplanted to greenhouse, solarium, land for growing field crops, the generation of pursuing at least five years in, breed, being used for the land for growing field crops then produces, therefore not only there be pursuing of virus for the danger of infecting, and the reproductive efficiency that still exists the Laboratory Production test tube potato is low, outstanding problems such as production cost height., finding a large amount of method and the suitable problems such as inductive condition of producing virus-free virus-free seed potato in laboratory how in the prior art, is the key that improves the potato seed quality.
Utilizing Plant Tissue Breeding and plant clone technique to obtain virus-free seedling of potato and potato seed fast, is that vegetative kingdom and seed potato are produced the vegetative propagation technique of a success over the past two decades.Adopt the potato detoxification technology and keep the healthy virus-free good quality and high output that realizes of seed potato, become the fundamental way that countries in the world development potato produces through tissue culture quick breeding.
Domestic and international many research units and individual study technology, particularly test tube potato and the micro potato batch production production technology of toxicity-removing white potato seedling production miniature seed.Relevant technical literature report mainly contains two classes: a class is to obtain the detoxification aseptic seedling by tissue culture, then aseptic seedling is inoculated in the container based on glasswares such as triangular flask, wide-mouth bottle, Cans.Or utilize the bigger equipment that is similar to bio-reactor, and under the illumination cultivation condition, breed seedling earlier, under dark condition, induce the knot potato then.As Chinese patent " method of production micro potato stem tuber " (application number 94112881.4, publication number CN1109706A), disclose and a kind of detoxic seedling has been contained the glass container that axillary bud stem section (10-12 section/liter capacity) is inoculated into a bottom forced-ventilation (ventilation speed 0.2-0.4 liter/minute), illumination (intensity of illumination 4000-6000Lux, photoperiod 12-24 hour/day) cultivate 1-2 week, change height then and contain sugar culture-medium, dark condition is cultivated results micro potato in back about 5 weeks.This method miniature seed output is 33.5/liter.The advantage of these class methods be the potato that can guarantee detoxification can the virulent aphid of contact zones in producing the micro potato process etc. insect and infective virus again, but owing to need conversion medium, complex operation midway.Particularly owing to use general vial, can only place by individual layer on culturing rack, the availability of unit culture area is low.And with being similar to bio-reactor, because of the needs special installation, the production cost height is applied difficulty.
Other method is after obtaining the detoxification aseptic seedling by tissue culture, directly aseptic seedling to be transplanted, or cuts and contain the field planting of axillary bud stem section or cuttage is induced seedling knot potato to artificial substratums such as vermiculite.Chinese patent " the miniature virus-free seed potato fast breeding technique of potato " (application number 90106636.2, publication number CN1048141A) discloses a kind of production method of open industrial and annual rapid detoxification miniature seed.Its technological process is group training detoxification test tube plantlet to be cut into contain the axillary bud stem section, soaks 5-30 minute with gibberellin and rooting powder solution, takes root 3 days under the dark condition of 26 ℃ of relative moisture 100%, temperature; Be transplanted in the vermiculite dish again, place 26 ℃ of temperature in daytime, night, temperature was 15 ℃, in the plastic greenhouse of relative moisture 90-100%, cultivated through 30-60 days, can obtain one batch of micro potato.The typical micro potato output of this method is 5000-9000/rice
2Vermiculite dish year, have cost low, few with the seedling amount, produce the more advantage of potato, but used test-tube plantlet segment needs processing such as gibberellin, the process of transplanting simultaneously is time-consuming takes a lot of work.The characteristics of these class methods are that cost is lower, and certain production promotional value is arranged.But most because tissue cultivating seedling need be transplanted to greenhouse, solarium, a seedling one strain, the labour consumes greatly.Its cultivation mode is a planar fashion, can not make full use of greenhouse, space, solarium, and floor space is very big, has reduced the output of small de-poisoned patato unit are.Also be unfavorable for the timely results of small de-poisoned patato and personnel's operation, reduced production efficiency.Be subject to the influence in area, weather and season simultaneously, be difficult to realize large-scale industrialized production.
Summary of the invention
The production method that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of minitype potato seeds by directly using potato stem segments, set up a kind of Laboratory Production program of simply and efficiently miniature small seed potato, provide simultaneously a kind of simple in structure, function admirable, easy and simple to handle, can overlappingly place the boxlike culture vessel on the culturing rack, solve the tissue cultivating seedling that exists in the existing seed potato mating system and must be transplanted to greenhouse, solarium, too much with seedling, can not make full use of lab space, the problem of aspects such as the results of small de-poisoned patato, harvesting inconvenience.Thereby accelerate the breeding of potato miniature seed, shorten the production cycle, enhance productivity, reduce production costs, thereby realize the large-scale industrialized production of potato miniature seed.
Technical scheme of the present invention is according to root development in the seed potato production and does not share the same light, temperature, wet small de-poisoned patato is formed and influences the result, under the conditions of tissue culture of artificial illumination and temperature control, cultivating clone's seedling stipes section with detoxification is that material is by controlling medium component and condition of culture, in the Plant Tissue Breeding box of special use, inoculate, induce segment axillalry bud ultimate swelling, obtain the miniature small seed potato of potato, thereby carry out high density, intensification, standardization, standardized whole year production.Its production method is as follows:
1. the sterilization of culture vessel: it is standby to cultivate the box sterilization according to a conventional method in high-pressure sterilizing pot.
2. medium preparation: medium is not for containing the liquid or solid MS inducing culture of any somatotropin.It consists of MS macroelement and trace element, and people's (1966) such as Gamborg vitamin, and sucrose concentration is 6-10%, pH5.8 (subordinate list).
Subordinate list potato haulm sections is directly cultivated the micro potato medium
3. inoculation: select to cultivate strong group of training detoxic seedling of 30-40 days seedling ages, a young plant is cut into 3-5 sections that has the petiole axillalry bud, in aseptic superclean bench, the nontoxic seedling segment of potato evenly is inoculated in the above-mentioned inducing culture.Press 1cm * 1cm density plantation segment, every dish can be put segment 220-250 section.
4. inducing culture: the cultivation box that will inoculate the nontoxic segment seedling of potato is handled 6-8 about week under the complete dark photoperiod of 24 hours every days, cultivation temperature is temperature 19-24 ℃ of daytime, temperature 14-18 ℃ of night.Directly induce under dark condition and produce the miniature small seed potato with germinating capacity, a cultivation cycle only needs 6-8 week.Press 1cm * 1cm density plantation segment in square culture plate, every dish is put about segment 220-250 section, and every square metre of area is placed 9 culture plates, promptly puts segment seedling 2000-2200 strain for every square metre.Put 90 cultivation boxes for every layer on 5 layers of culturing rack, each knot potato cycle is 6-8 week, 1 year sowing 5-6 cycle of greenhouse, ten thousand miniature seeds of 1 year every square metre of area plantation 50-60.
The good effect of invention is: (1) adopts a kind of cultivation box to replace the glass blake bottle, this cultivates simple in structure, the function admirable, easy and simple to handle of box, especially can overlappingly place on the culturing rack, make full use of lab space, can greatly improve the inoculation of unit are and promptly tie the potato amount, improve 50-100 doubly than the unit area utilization ratio of similar technology.(2) adopt basic MS medium, do not need any HORMONE TREATMENT, and the liquid or solid medium all can, need add suitable auxin with respect to existing most of technology, reduced cost.And do not need the conversion medium midway.Make operation more easy.(3) the present invention utilizes the segment of detoxification aseptic seedling to cultivate, and every strain aseptic seedling can be cut the 4-5 section, and a young plant can produce the little potato of 4-5 grain, has saved and has used the seedling number.The test-tube plantlet segment directly is inoculated in production potato seed in the medium of inducing potato, must be transplanted to greenhouse, solarium with respect to tissue cultivating seedling in the prior art, the present invention need not transplant seedlings, saving of work and time, and the production cycle is also from shortening to 6-8 week in 12 weeks of original technology, can produce 5-6 cycle every year, reproduction speed is fast, and the efficient height is because with short production cycle, and in the laboratory, carry out, can more effective defence aphid and viral propagation.And equipment is simple, be not subjected to season, in environmental limitations, produce many north at China's potato seed at the high height above sea level of high latitude, low altitude area, south potato produces required potato seed and needs from the problem of north allocation and transportation every year, use method of the present invention and can carry out the breeding of seed potato in most of area, the realization batch production is produced, and saves human and material resources and energy.(4) produce the test tube potato unit are culturing room's year of the present invention and can reach ten thousand of 50-60, raise the efficiency about 100 times than prior art.Calculate as pressing every mu 5000 strain thickness of sowing, the enough 100 mu of required potato seeds in ground of micro potato that one square metre laboratory area is produced, reproduction coefficient is high, helps the batch production production of virus-free seed potato.After the simultaneously big potato seed microminiaturization, the sowing quantity on every mu of ground only needs the 2.5-5 kilogram, reduces 50 times than the seeding quantity 120 kg of big potato seed, thereby has significantly reduced the accumulating amount of potato seed.For circulating on a large scale, virus-free potato provides condition.
The present invention is easy and simple to handle as fully visible, accelerates the breeding of potato miniature seed effectively, shortens the production cycle, enhances productivity, and reduces production costs, and is beneficial to the large-scale industrialized production that realizes the potato miniature seed.Be one and can fundamentally solve the agriculture high-new biotechnology that potato seed is degenerated, improved potato seed production efficiency on a large scale, have industrialization prospect widely.
Embodiment
To cultivate the miniature small seed potato of potato is example, and technical solution of the present invention is achieved in that
1. the sterilization of culture vessel: the present invention adopts a kind of Plant Tissue Breeding box that is specifically designed to the cultivation of miniature seed production or induces the potato miniature seed, the rectangular box that this box is made up of box body and lid, its geometry is high 3cm, the rectangular box of each 30cm of length and width, cultivate box by constituting by autoclaved macromolecule transparent material, in high-pressure sterilizing pot, should cultivate box according to a conventional method and sterilize standby.
2. medium preparation: medium is not for containing the liquid or solid MS inducing culture of any somatotropin.It consists of MS macroelement and trace element, and people's (1966) such as Gamborg vitamin, and sucrose concentration is 6-10%, pH5.8.
3. inoculation: select to cultivate strong group of training detoxic seedling of 35 days seedling ages, a young plant is cut into 3-5 sections that has the petiole axillalry bud, in aseptic superclean bench, the nontoxic seedling segment of potato evenly is inoculated in the above-mentioned inducing culture.Press 1cm * 1cm density plantation segment, every dish can be put about 230 sections of segments.
4. inducing culture: the cultivation box that will inoculate the nontoxic segment seedling of potato was handled about 7 weeks under the complete dark photoperiod of 24 hours every days, and cultivation temperature is temperature 20-21 ℃ of daytime, and at temperature 15-16 ℃ of night, relative moisture is 90-100%.Do not need the conversion medium midway.Directly induce under dark condition and produce the miniature small seed potato with germinating capacity, omit and finish the female seedling incubation of potato, a cultivation cycle only needs 6-8 week.Press 1cm * 1cm density plantation segment, every dish can be put 230 sections of segments.Can place culture plate 9 dishes, promptly can put about 2100 strains of segment seedling for every square metre for 1 square metre.Culturing rack is 5 layers, can put 90 boxes for every layer, calculates by micro potato of sections knot, and each square metre area can be received 100,000 of 230x450 ≈ in 1 year.The 5-6 cycle can be sowed in 1 year in the greenhouse, and then 1 year every square metre of area can be planted ten thousand miniature seeds of 100,000 x5=50-60
Claims (2)
1. the production method of a minitype potato seeds by directly using potato stem segments, it is characterized in that according to root development in the seed potato production and do not share the same light, temperature, wet small de-poisoned patato is formed and influences the result, cultivating clone's seedling stipes section with detoxification under conditions of tissue culture is that material is by controlling medium component and condition of culture, in the Plant Tissue Breeding box of special use, inoculate, induce segment axillalry bud ultimate swelling, obtain the miniature small seed potato of potato; Its production method is as follows:
(1) sterilization of culture vessel: in high-pressure sterilizing pot, should cultivate box according to a conventional method and sterilize standby;
(2) medium preparation: medium is not for containing the liquid or solid MS inducing culture of any somatotropin.It consists of MS macroelement and trace element, and Gamborg vitamin, and sucrose concentration is 6-10%, pH5.8;
(3) inoculation: strong group of training detoxic seedling selecting to cultivate 30-40 days seedling ages, one young plant is cut into 3-5 sections that has the petiole axillalry bud, in aseptic superclean bench, the nontoxic seedling segment of potato evenly is inoculated in the above-mentioned inducing culture, press 1cm * 1cm density plantation segment, every dish can be put segment 220-250 section;
(4) inducing culture: the cultivation box that will inoculate the nontoxic segment seedling of potato is handled 6-8 about week under the complete dark photoperiod of 24 hours every days, cultivation temperature is temperature 19-24 ℃ of daytime, temperature 14-18 ℃ of night, directly induce under dark condition and produce the miniature small seed potato with germinating capacity, a cultivation cycle only needs 6-8 week; In square culture plate, press 1cm * 1cm density plantation segment, every dish is put about segment 220-250 section, every square metre of area is placed 9 culture plates, be every square metre and put segment seedling 2000-2200 strain, on 5 layers of culturing rack, put 90 cultivation boxes for every layer, each knot potato cycle is 6-8 week, 1 year sowing 5-6 cycle of greenhouse, ten thousand miniature seeds of 1 year every square metre of area plantation 50-60.
2. the production method of minitype potato seeds by directly using potato stem segments according to claim 1, it is characterized in that providing a kind of Plant Tissue Breeding box that the potato miniature seed was cultivated or induced to miniature seed that is specifically designed to, the rectangular box that this box is made up of box body and lid is cultivated box by constituting by autoclaved macromolecule transparent material.
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Cited By (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102057834A (en) * | 2010-11-05 | 2011-05-18 | 王梦飞 | Method for rapidly breeding mini-potatoes by utilizing in-vitro axillary buds of potatoes |
| CN102217544A (en) * | 2011-05-24 | 2011-10-19 | 崔刚 | Open tissue culture and factory fast propagation method for potatoes |
| CN103039364A (en) * | 2013-01-17 | 2013-04-17 | 河南师范大学 | Method for circularly inducing micro tubers of rhizoma dioscoreae |
| CN103053418A (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2013-04-24 | 湖北凯瑞百谷农业科技股份有限公司 | Potato microtuber manufacturing technology |
| CN103070075A (en) * | 2013-02-04 | 2013-05-01 | 河南师范大学 | Method for directly inducing miniature tubers from Chinese yam segments |
| CN103548684A (en) * | 2013-10-31 | 2014-02-05 | 定西市凯凯生态园植物快繁有限公司 | Inoculation method of tissue culture seedlings of potatoes |
| CN103875537A (en) * | 2013-04-19 | 2014-06-25 | 云南农业大学 | Culture medium for delaying growth of potato tissue cultured seedlings |
| CN105028204A (en) * | 2015-08-06 | 2015-11-11 | 新疆玉维鲜农业科技中心 | Screening method for virus-free potato test-tube plantlet early blight prevention |
| CN105248279A (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2016-01-20 | 天津大学 | Tissue culture method for miniature potatoes |
| CN106359094A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-01 | 天津大学 | Method for quickly inducing potato minituber |
| CN106857252A (en) * | 2017-01-25 | 2017-06-20 | 淮北师范大学 | The method that disinfection by chlorine dioxide culture medium is used for the quick breeding of potato seedling or Stem covered by vermiculite |
| CN108476980A (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2018-09-04 | 黑龙江省农业科学院植物脱毒苗木研究所 | A kind of toxicity-removing white potato microtuber intelligence breeding system and its control method |
| CN111528097A (en) * | 2020-06-09 | 2020-08-14 | 吉林省蔬菜花卉科学研究院 | Method for breeding potato mini-potatoes by utilizing stem segments of potato stolons |
| CN111602595A (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2020-09-01 | 甘肃省农业科学院马铃薯研究所 | A kind of method for open fast propagation of potato tissue culture seedlings |
| CN114403010A (en) * | 2022-02-22 | 2022-04-29 | 福建农林大学 | Dark and energy-saving in vitro propagation method of Polygonatum multiflora microtubers |
| CN117063840A (en) * | 2023-08-16 | 2023-11-17 | 华中农业大学 | Cutting-free propagation method for potato tissue culture seedlings suitable for mechanized production |
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2009
- 2009-10-28 CN CN200910229611A patent/CN101822214A/en active Pending
Cited By (22)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102057834A (en) * | 2010-11-05 | 2011-05-18 | 王梦飞 | Method for rapidly breeding mini-potatoes by utilizing in-vitro axillary buds of potatoes |
| CN102217544A (en) * | 2011-05-24 | 2011-10-19 | 崔刚 | Open tissue culture and factory fast propagation method for potatoes |
| CN103053418A (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2013-04-24 | 湖北凯瑞百谷农业科技股份有限公司 | Potato microtuber manufacturing technology |
| CN103053418B (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2015-08-19 | 湖北凯瑞百谷农业科技股份有限公司 | A kind of test tube potato production technology |
| CN103039364A (en) * | 2013-01-17 | 2013-04-17 | 河南师范大学 | Method for circularly inducing micro tubers of rhizoma dioscoreae |
| CN103039364B (en) * | 2013-01-17 | 2014-04-02 | 河南师范大学 | A method for circularly inducing yam microtubers |
| CN103070075A (en) * | 2013-02-04 | 2013-05-01 | 河南师范大学 | Method for directly inducing miniature tubers from Chinese yam segments |
| CN103875537A (en) * | 2013-04-19 | 2014-06-25 | 云南农业大学 | Culture medium for delaying growth of potato tissue cultured seedlings |
| CN103548684A (en) * | 2013-10-31 | 2014-02-05 | 定西市凯凯生态园植物快繁有限公司 | Inoculation method of tissue culture seedlings of potatoes |
| CN105028204B (en) * | 2015-08-06 | 2017-09-01 | 新疆玉维鲜农业科技中心 | The screening technique of the anti-early blight of virus-free potato tube plant |
| CN105028204A (en) * | 2015-08-06 | 2015-11-11 | 新疆玉维鲜农业科技中心 | Screening method for virus-free potato test-tube plantlet early blight prevention |
| CN105248279A (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2016-01-20 | 天津大学 | Tissue culture method for miniature potatoes |
| CN106359094A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-01 | 天津大学 | Method for quickly inducing potato minituber |
| CN106359094B (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2018-07-06 | 天津大学 | A kind of method of rapid induction micro potato |
| CN106857252A (en) * | 2017-01-25 | 2017-06-20 | 淮北师范大学 | The method that disinfection by chlorine dioxide culture medium is used for the quick breeding of potato seedling or Stem covered by vermiculite |
| CN106857252B (en) * | 2017-01-25 | 2019-03-12 | 淮北师范大学 | Disinfection by chlorine dioxide culture medium is quickly bred for potato seedling or the method for Stem covered by vermiculite |
| CN108476980A (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2018-09-04 | 黑龙江省农业科学院植物脱毒苗木研究所 | A kind of toxicity-removing white potato microtuber intelligence breeding system and its control method |
| CN111528097A (en) * | 2020-06-09 | 2020-08-14 | 吉林省蔬菜花卉科学研究院 | Method for breeding potato mini-potatoes by utilizing stem segments of potato stolons |
| CN111602595A (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2020-09-01 | 甘肃省农业科学院马铃薯研究所 | A kind of method for open fast propagation of potato tissue culture seedlings |
| CN114403010A (en) * | 2022-02-22 | 2022-04-29 | 福建农林大学 | Dark and energy-saving in vitro propagation method of Polygonatum multiflora microtubers |
| CN114403010B (en) * | 2022-02-22 | 2022-11-15 | 福建农林大学 | Polygonatum cyrtonema micro-tuber dark energy-saving in-vitro propagation method |
| CN117063840A (en) * | 2023-08-16 | 2023-11-17 | 华中农业大学 | Cutting-free propagation method for potato tissue culture seedlings suitable for mechanized production |
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