CN101502207B - peanut harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

A peanut harvester comprises a frame and a transmission mechanism. Two sides of the frame are installed with frame boards. The front part of frame is installed with a depth gauge roller, a seedling cutting device, a shovel plough and a spiral seedling dispensing device. The central part of frame is provided with a chain grate conveying device which has a lower front shaft and a high back shaft. The front rotating shaft of chain grate conveying device is positioned at the back part of shovel plough. The upper part of front end of chain grate conveying device is provided with a compression roller. The back part of frame is provided with an upper and a lower opposite-compression ground-breaking roller. The back part of ground-breaking roller is provided with a seedling containing device. The front shaft and back shaft of the chain grate conveying device, the shaft of compression roller and two ends of shafts of upper and lower ground-breaking rollers are equally installed on the frame boards at two sides of frame. The seedling cutting device is movable-static combination shears which are horizontally installed. The movable shears are provided with a certain number of seedling pushing rods which are upwards vertically. The upper part of shovel plough is provided with a ground break punner with length matched with the shovel plough. The upper part of chain grate conveying device is provided with a matched seedling pressing device. The peanut harvester has the advantages of no seed tangling, high operation speed, totally ground breaking, regular seedling out and benefit for application generalization.

Description

peanut harvester

1. Technical field

The invention relates to an agricultural machine for harvesting peanuts, in particular to a peanut harvester.

2. Background technology

China is a large agricultural country with a wide variety of crops. Due to its strong adaptability, peanuts have a large planting area in the north and south of the motherland. Traditional peanut harvesting mostly uses manual digging, manual breaking and shaking of the soil, so harvesting peanuts is a relatively tiring task. The farm work wastes a lot of time of the farmers. Later, some agricultural machinery and equipment for peanut harvesting appeared, which can replace part of the farmers' operations. However, due to the disadvantages of their design, the use of many equipment is not very convenient. Seedling winding shutdown, incomplete soil breaking, messy and irregular seedling emergence, and broken bricks and crushed stones in the field often cause roller shutdown. The above-mentioned conditions are extremely unfavorable for the promotion of this type of agricultural machinery and equipment. It also makes the majority of peasant brothers feel less than the convenience of mechanized equipment.

3. Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to propose a peanut harvester that does not tangle seedlings, has high working speed, complete soil breaking and regular seedling emergence.

The content of the present invention is: a peanut harvester, which contains a frame and a transmission mechanism. The two sides of the frame are provided with frame plates. For the seedling splitter, a chain conveying device with a low front axle and a high rear axle is installed in the middle of the frame. The rear part of the frame is provided with upper and lower pressure-breaking rollers, and a rice harvester is arranged at the rear of the soil-breaking rollers, and the lower part of both sides of the frame is provided with traveling wheels. The shaft of the roller and the two ends of the shaft of the upper and lower pair of soil-breaking rollers are all installed on the frame plates on both sides of the frame. A vertically upward lifting rod; the upper part of the plow shovel is provided with a soil-breaking rammer whose length matches the plow shovel; the upper part of the chain conveyor is provided with a matching seedling presser.

The seedling presser includes a connecting scraper and a certain number of bars with one end fixed on the connecting scraper, and the two ends of the connecting scraper are fixed on the frame and are parallel to the pressing roller, After the grid bar is bent, it is parallel to the chain direction of the chain conveyor.

The seedling harvester contains a certain number of grid bars, and each grid bar gathers to the middle or to one side to form a contracted shape; the shaft of the seedling harvester is installed in the matching bushing on the frame, and the shaft head of the seedling harvester A connecting rod perpendicular to it is fixed, and the connecting rod is connected with the eccentric bearing wheel on the shaft head of the upper breaking roller through an adjustable pull rod.

The two ends of the axles of the depth measuring roller at the front end of the frame are installed in the sleeve on the frame through the suspension frame, and the suspension frame can be screwed up and down in the sleeve to adjust the depth of the measuring roller, or through Sleeve pin hole structure lifts to adjust the depth of the measuring roller.

The static scissors of the seedling harvester are fixed on the upper sleeve of the depth measuring roller, the dynamic scissors are installed on the upper part of the static scissors, the upper part of the dynamic scissors is provided with a seedling lever, and the dynamic scissors are connected by a connecting rod transmission mechanism. its drive wheels.

The two ends of the pressure roller shaft are installed in the oblong holes of the frame plates on both sides of the frame, and tension springs are arranged on the two shaft heads of the pressure roller, and the other end of the tension spring is connected on the frame; The two ends of the shaft of the crushing soil roller are installed in the oblong holes on the frame plates on both sides of the frame, and the two shaft heads of the upper crushing soil roller are provided with tension springs, and the other ends of the tension springs are connected to the frame. .

The two ends of the earth-breaking ram are installed on the eccentric bearing wheel through the hanger, and the eccentric bearing wheel is installed on the rotating shaft. The upper guide pin shaft passes through the oblong hole.

The chain row conveying device includes a front axle, a rear axle, a chain, and a chain row installed on the chain, the front axle is a chain half shaft, the chain is an annular hook type chain, and a rectangular vibration mechanism is arranged between the chains. The two ends of the shaft of the rectangular vibration mechanism are installed on the frame plate, and the vibration wheel is installed on the shaft.

The transmission mechanism is located at the front of the frame and connected to the tractor. The transmission mechanism is a pulley, which is connected to the clutch wheel of the tractor, and then connected to the rear axle of the chain conveyor through the belt, and then connected to the pressure roller through the belt. Shafts, the shafts of a pair of crushing rollers, and the shafts of the rammer at the front of the frame and the drive wheels of the rice cutter.

The transmission mechanism is located at the front of the frame. The transmission mechanism is shaft transmission, and its longitudinal axis is connected to the rear output shaft of the tractor. The longitudinal axis of the transmission mechanism is connected to the horizontal axis through a bevel gear, and the two ends of the horizontal axis are at There are pulleys on both sides of the frame. The pulley on one side is connected to the rear shaft of the chain conveyor through the belt, and then connected to the pressure roller shaft and the shaft of a pair of soil-breaking rollers through the belt. The pulley is also connected to the pulley on the frame. It is connected to the driving wheel of the seedling harvester through the wheel; the pulley on the other side is connected to the shaft of the upper soil-breaking roller through a belt, and the upper soil-breaking roller shaft drives the lower soil-breaking roller shaft by a belt.

Beneficial effects of the present invention

1. Solve the problem of the original peanut harvester entanglement and reduce the downtime during the harvesting process

The seedling harvester is a combination of dynamic and static shears arranged horizontally, which can cut off the upper half of peanut seedlings, and a certain number of vertically upward seedling poles are arranged on the dynamic shears; The peanut seedlings cut by the seedling machine are transferred to the two sides of the peanut harvester, so that the phenomenon of tangled seedlings will not occur again.

2. Break ground completely

The upper part of the plow shovel is equipped with a horizontal soil-breaking ram that matches the length of the plow shovel. After the plow shovel shovels out the peanuts in the ground, the soil-breaking ram moves up and down to crush the shoveled soil clods. delivery.

3. There will be no stoppage of stuck rollers

Since it is unavoidable in the field that some relatively large broken rotors and broken stones will be scooped up by the plow and shovel together with the soil, the machine is installed on the frame plates on both sides of the roller shaft at both ends In the oblong hole of the pressure roller, there are tension springs on the two shaft heads of the pressure roller, and the other end of the tension spring is connected to the frame; the two ends of the shaft of the upper soil breaking roller are installed in the oblong holes on the frame plates on both sides of the frame. Inside, there are tension springs on the two axle heads of the upper soil-breaking roller, and the other end of the tension spring is connected to the frame; after the crushing rotor and crushed stone enter the pressure roller and the upper soil-breaking roller, The shafts of the above two rollers can be moved and adjusted in the oblong holes, so as to adjust the spacing, let the crushing rotor and crushed stones pass, and prevent the above-mentioned pressure roller and upper soil-breaking roller from being stuck.

4. The regularity of seedling emergence

The upper part of the chain conveying device is equipped with a matched seedling press, which ensures the smooth transportation of peanut seedlings and does not cause messy peanut seedlings. The connecting plate of the seedling press matches the length of the pressing roller and is close to the pressing roller. roll.

4. Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is one of the front structural schematic diagrams of the peanut harvester

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the rear view of Figure 1

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the top view of Figure 1

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of Figure 3

Fig. 5 is the second schematic diagram of the front view of the peanut harvester

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the rear view of Figure 5

Fig. 7 is a top view structural schematic diagram of Fig. 5

Fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of Fig. 7

5. Specific implementation

Embodiment 1: Refer to the accompanying drawings in the description, refer to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, and Fig. 4,

A peanut harvester, comprising a frame 1 and a transmission mechanism 2, frame plates 3 are arranged on both sides of the frame 1, and a depth-setting roller 4, a seedling cutter 5, and a plow shovel 6 are installed on the front of the frame 1 , spiral seedling splitter 31, in the middle of the frame, there is a chain conveyor 7 with low front axle 7-1 and high rear axle 7-3, and the front end rotating shaft 7-1 of the chain conveyor 7 is positioned at the rear of plow shovel 6 , be provided with pressure roller 8 on the top of chain row conveying device 7 front ends, the rear portion of frame 1 is provided with upper and lower pressure-breaking soil rollers 9 and 29, is provided with seedling harvester 10 at the rear portion of breaking soil rollers, frame 1 two The bottom of the side is provided with road wheels 11, the front axle 7-1 and the rear axle 7-3 of the chain conveyor 7, the axle 8-1 of the pressing roller, and the axle 9-1 and the axle 9-1 of the upper and lower pair of earth breaking rollers. The two ends of 29-1 are all installed on the frame plates 3 on both sides of the frame, and the rice harvester 5 is a combination of dynamic and static shears 5-1 and 5-2 arranged horizontally, and the dynamic shears 5-1 are provided with A certain number of vertically upward lifting rods 5-3; the upper part of the plow shovel 6 is provided with a soil-breaking ram 12 whose length matches the plow shovel 6; Device 21.

Described seedling presser 21 contains connection scraper 21-2 and a certain number of grid bars 21-1 that are fixed on the connection scraper, and the two ends of the connection scraper 21-2 are fixed on the machine. On the rack 1, and parallel to the pressure roller 8, the grid bar 21-1 is bent and parallel to the chain 7-2 of the chain conveyor 7.

The seedling harvester 10 contains a certain number of grid bars 10-1, and each grid bar 10-1 gathers to one side to form a contracted shape; The shaft nose of seedling device 10 is fixed with its vertical connecting rod 10-2, and this connecting rod 10-2 is connected with the eccentric wheel 10-4 on the axle 9-1 head of the last broken soil roller by adjustable pull bar 10-3.

The two ends of the axles of the depth measuring roller 4 at the front end of the frame 1 are installed in the sleeve 14 on the frame 1 through the suspension frame 20, and the suspension frame 20 can be spirally lifted up and down in the sleeve 14 to adjust the length. the depth of the roller;

The static scissors 5-2 of the described seedling cutter 5 are fixed on the sleeve 14 on the top of the depth measuring roller, the dynamic scissors 5-1 are installed on the top of the static scissors 5-2, and the top of the dynamic scissors 5-1 Be provided with to push seedling bar, and moving scissors 5-1 connects its driving wheel 5-5 by connecting rod transmission mechanism 5-4.

The two ends of the pressure roller shaft 8-1 are installed in the oblong holes 3-1 of the frame plates 3 on both sides of the frame, an extension spring 15 is arranged on the two shaft heads of the pressure roller, and the other end of the extension spring 15 Connected on the frame 1; the two ends of the shaft 9-1 of the upper pair of crushing soil rollers 9 are installed in the oblong holes 3-2 on the frame plates 3 on both sides of the frame, and the upper pair of crushing soil rollers 9 An extension spring 16 is arranged on the two axle heads, and the other end of the extension spring 16 is connected on the frame 1 .

The two ends of described earth-breaking ram 12 are installed on the eccentric bearing wheel 18 through hanger 17, and this eccentric bearing wheel 18 is installed on its rotating shaft 18-1, and the two ends of this rotating shaft 18-1 are installed on the frame 1, in The hanger 17 is provided with a guide oblong hole 17-1, and the guide pin 19 on the frame passes through the oblong hole 17-1.

Described chain row conveying device 7 comprises front axle 7-1, rear axle 7-3, chain 7-2, the chain row that is installed on the chain, and its front axle 7-1 is the half shaft of carrying chain, and chain 7-2 Be ring hook type chain, be provided with rectangular vibrating mechanism 7-4 between chain 7-2, the axle two ends of this rectangular vibrating mechanism are installed on the frame plate 3, and vibrating wheel 7-5 is installed on the shaft head.

The transmission mechanism 2 is located at the front of the frame and is connected with the tractor. The transmission mechanism is a belt pulley, which is connected with the clutch wheel of the tractor, and then connected to the rear axle 7-3 of the chain conveyor through a belt, and then passed Belt connection pressure roller shaft 8-1, a pair of shaft 9-1 and 29-1 of crushing soil roller, and the driving wheel 5-5 of the shaft 18-1 of the earth breaking ram of frame front portion and the seedling harvester.

Embodiment 2: see Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8

A peanut harvester, comprising a frame 1 and a transmission mechanism 2, frame plates 3 are arranged on both sides of the frame 1, and a depth-setting roller 4, a seedling cutter 5, and a plow shovel 6 are installed on the front of the frame 1 , spiral seedling splitter 31, in the middle of the frame, there is a chain conveyor 7 with low front axle 7-1 and high rear axle 7-3, and the front end rotating shaft 7-1 of the chain conveyor 7 is positioned at the rear of plow shovel 6 , be provided with pressure roller 8 on the top of chain row conveying device 7 front ends, the rear portion of frame 1 is provided with upper and lower pressure-breaking soil rollers 9 and 29, is provided with seedling harvester 10 at the rear portion of breaking soil rollers, frame 1 two The bottom of the side is provided with road wheels 11, the front axle 7-1 and the rear axle 7-3 of the chain conveyor 7, the axle 8-1 of the pressing roller, and the axle 9-1 and the axle 9-1 of the upper and lower pair of earth breaking rollers. The two ends of 29-1 are all installed on the frame plates 3 on both sides of the frame, and the rice harvester 5 is a combination of dynamic and static shears 5-1 and 5-2 arranged horizontally, and the dynamic shears 5-1 are provided with A certain number of vertically upward lifting rods 5-3; the upper part of the plow shovel 6 is provided with a soil-breaking ram 12 whose length matches the plow shovel 6; Device 21.

Described seedling presser 21 contains connection scraper 21-2 and a certain number of grid bars 21-1 that are fixed on the connection scraper, and the two ends of the connection scraper 21-2 are fixed on the machine. On the rack 1, and parallel to the pressure roller 8, the grid bar 21-1 is bent and parallel to the chain 7-2 of the chain conveyor 7.

The seedling harvester 10 contains a certain number of grid bars 10-1, and each grid bar 10-1 gathers to the middle to form a contracted shape; The shaft nose of seedling device 10 is fixed with its vertical connecting rod 10-2, and this connecting rod 10-2 is connected with the eccentric wheel 10-4 on the axle 9-1 head of the last broken soil roller by adjustable pull bar 10-3.

The axle two ends of the depth measuring roller 4 of described frame 1 front end are installed in the sleeve 24 on the frame by suspension frame 20, lift by sleeve pin hole structure.

The two ends of the shaft of the depth measuring roller 4 at the front end of the frame 1 are installed in the sleeve 24 on the frame 1 through the suspension frame 20, and the depth of the measuring roller is adjusted by the sleeve pin hole structure.

The static scissors 5-2 of the described seedling cutter 5 are fixed on the sleeve 14 on the top of the depth measuring roller, the dynamic scissors 5-1 are installed on the top of the static scissors 5-2, and the top of the dynamic scissors 5-1 Be provided with to push seedling bar, and moving scissors 5-1 connects its driving wheel 5-5 by connecting rod transmission mechanism 5-4.

The two ends of the pressure roller shaft 8-1 are installed in the oblong holes 3-1 of the frame plates 3 on both sides of the frame, an extension spring 15 is arranged on the two shaft heads of the pressure roller, and the other end of the extension spring 15 Connected on the frame 1; the two ends of the shaft 9-1 of the upper pair of crushing soil rollers 9 are installed in the oblong holes 3-2 on the frame plates 3 on both sides of the frame, and the upper pair of crushing soil rollers 9 An extension spring 16 is arranged on the two axle heads, and the other end of the extension spring 16 is connected on the frame 1 .

The two ends of described earth-breaking ram 12 are installed on the eccentric bearing wheel 18 through hanger 17, and this eccentric bearing wheel 18 is installed on its rotating shaft 18-1, and the two ends of this rotating shaft 18-1 are installed on the frame 1, in The hanger 17 is provided with a guide oblong hole 17-1, and the guide pin 19 on the frame passes through the oblong hole 17-1.

Described chain row conveying device 7 comprises front axle 7-1, rear axle 7-3, chain 7-2, the chain row that is installed on the chain, and its front axle 7-1 is the half shaft of carrying chain, and chain 7-2 Be ring hook type chain, be provided with rectangular vibrating mechanism 7-4 between chain 7-2, the axle two ends of this rectangular vibrating mechanism are installed on the frame plate 3, and vibrating wheel 7-5 is installed on the shaft head.

The transmission mechanism is located at the front of the frame. The transmission mechanism is a shaft transmission, and its longitudinal axis 31 is connected with the tractor rear output shaft. The longitudinal axis 31 of the transmission mechanism is connected to the horizontal axis 32 through a bevel gear 33, and the horizontal axis The two ends of 32 are provided with pulleys on both sides of the frame, and the pulleys on one side are connected to the rear axle 7-3 of the chain conveyor 7 by a belt, and then connected to the pressure roller shaft 8-1 by a belt, and the shafts of a pair of soil-breaking rollers , the belt pulley is also connected to the passing wheel on the frame, and is connected to the driving wheel 5-5 of the rice harvester through the wheel; the pulley on the other side is connected to the shaft 9-1 of the upper soil-breaking roller through a belt, and the upper soil-breaking roller shaft 9- 1 by the belt-driven lower earth-breaking roller shaft 29-1.

Claims (10)

1. A peanut harvester comprising a frame and a transmission mechanism. The two sides of the frame are provided with frame plates, and the front portion of the frame is equipped with depth-setting rollers, seedling cutters, plow shovels, and spiral seedling separators. In the middle of the frame, there is a chain conveying device with a low front axle and a high rear axle. There are upper and lower pressure breaking rollers, a seedling harvester is arranged at the rear of the breaking roller, and traveling wheels are arranged on the lower part of both sides of the frame, the front axle and the rear axle of the chain row conveying device, the axle of the pressing roller, And the two ends of the shaft of the upper and lower pair of soil-breaking rollers are all installed on the frame plates on both sides of the frame. A vertically upward lifting rod; the upper part of the plow shovel is provided with a soil-breaking rammer whose length matches the plow shovel; the upper part of the chain conveyor is provided with a matching seedling presser. 2. The peanut harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: said seedling presser contains a connection scraper and a certain number of grid bars whose ends are fixed on the connection scraper, and said connection scraper The two ends of the mud plate are fixed on the frame, and are parallel to the pressure rollers, and the grid bars are bent and parallel to the chain direction of the chain conveyor. 3. The peanut harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: the seedling harvester contains a certain number of grid bars, and each grid bar gathers to the middle or to one side to form a shrinking shape; the axis of the seedling harvester Installed in the matching axle sleeve on the frame, the shaft head of the rice harvester is fixed with a connecting rod perpendicular to it, and the connecting rod is connected with the eccentric wheel on the shaft head of the upper breaking soil roller through an adjustable pull rod. 4. The peanut harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: the two ends of the axles of the depth measuring rollers at the front end of the frame are installed in the sleeves on the frame through a suspension frame, and the suspension frame can be Screw up and down in the sleeve to adjust the depth of the sizing roller, or adjust the depth of the sizing roller through the sleeve pin hole structure. 5. The peanut harvester according to claim 4, characterized in that: the static scissors of the rice harvester are fixed on the upper sleeve of the depth measuring roller, the dynamic scissors are installed on the top of the static scissors, The upper part of the moving scissors is provided with a seedling pulling bar, and the moving scissors is connected with its driving wheel by a connecting rod transmission mechanism. the 6. The peanut harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: the two ends of the press roller shaft are installed in the oblong holes of the frame plates on both sides of the frame, and the two shaft heads of the press roller are provided with Extension spring, the other end of the extension spring is connected on the frame; the two ends of the shaft of the upper pair of crushing soil rollers are installed in the oblong holes on the frame plates on both sides of the frame, and the two shafts of the upper pair of crushing soil rollers An extension spring is arranged on the head, and the other end of the extension spring is connected on the frame. 7. The peanut harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: the two ends of the earth breaking ram are installed on the eccentric bearing wheel through the hanger, the eccentric bearing wheel is installed on its rotating shaft, and the two ends of the rotating shaft are installed On the frame, a guide oblong hole is provided on the hanger, and the guide pin shaft on the frame passes through the oblong hole. 8. The peanut harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: said chain row conveying device includes a front axle, a rear axle, a chain, and a chain row installed on the chain, the front axle of which is a half axle of a pack chain, The chain is an annular hook type chain, and a rectangular vibrating mechanism is arranged between the chains. The two ends of the shaft of the rectangular vibrating mechanism are installed on the frame plate, and the vibrating wheel is installed on the shaft. 9. The peanut harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: the transmission mechanism is located at the front of the frame and connected with the tractor, the transmission mechanism is a pulley, the pulley is connected with the clutch wheel of the tractor, and then passes The belt is connected to the rear axle of the chain conveyor, and then the belt is connected to the shaft of the pressure roller, the shaft of a pair of crushing rollers, the shaft of the rammer at the front of the frame and the driving wheel of the rice harvester. 10. The peanut harvester according to claim 2, characterized in that: the transmission mechanism is located at the front of the frame, the transmission mechanism is shaft transmission, and its longitudinal axis is connected with the rear output shaft of the tractor, and the transmission mechanism is The longitudinal axis of the mechanism is connected to the horizontal axis through bevel gears. The two ends of the horizontal axis are equipped with pulleys on both sides of the frame. The pulleys on one side are connected to the rear axle of the chain conveyor through the belt, and then connected to the pressure roller shaft through the belt. For the shaft of the soil-breaking roller, the pulley is also connected to the pulley on the frame, and is connected to the driving wheel of the rice harvester through the pulley; the pulley on the other side is connected to the shaft of the upper soil-breaking roller through a belt, and the shaft of the upper soil-breaking roller is driven by a belt Lower ground breaking roller. the

Images