CN109186508A - A kind of median filter method of thickness measure - Google Patents
A kind of median filter method of thickness measure Download PDFInfo
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- CN109186508A CN109186508A CN201811094130.0A CN201811094130A CN109186508A CN 109186508 A CN109186508 A CN 109186508A CN 201811094130 A CN201811094130 A CN 201811094130A CN 109186508 A CN109186508 A CN 109186508A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B15/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electromagnetic waves or particle radiation, e.g. by the use of microwaves, X-rays, gamma rays or electrons
- G01B15/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electromagnetic waves or particle radiation, e.g. by the use of microwaves, X-rays, gamma rays or electrons for measuring thickness
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Abstract
The invention belongs to thickness measurement technique fields, disclose a kind of median filter method of thickness measure, including, step S1: n times premeasuring is carried out by surface of the range unit to testee first, obtains N number of measured value si；Step S2: one capacity of creation is the fifo queue of n to store measured value, and when the number of measurement values in queue reaches n, queue drop enters the measured value of queue earliest, and new measured value is put into queue；Step S3: the intermediate value a in queue is obtained by way of Fast Median Filtering；Step S4: the background distance b in premeasuring range unit use, the thickness value L of testee is b-a.The present invention can avoid the measurement error occurred once in a while well, and the intermediate value of selection can be used as accurate measurements to calculate the thickness of testee, to issue suitable work tube voltage kvp.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to thickness measurement technique field more particularly to thickness measure median filtering fields, and in particular to a kind of
The median filter method of thickness measure.
Background technique
X-ray is a kind of ray, is exactly the X-ray that we often say, is a kind of electromagnetic wave for having energy or radiation.When high speed is moved
When the substance of any form of dynamic electronic impact, X-ray is just likely to occur.X-ray has penetrability, has to the substance of different densities
Different penetration capacitys.Medically X-ray is used to project human body and forms image, is used to auxiliary diagnosis；Or irradiated lesion is for controlling
It treats.Long-standing for the demand of x-ray radiation quality needed for accurately obtaining sufferer to be captured, x-ray radiation quality is main
It is embodied in X-ray bulb, work tube voltage kvp and operating current the product mAs of X-ray source, the former determines X-ray ball
The energy level for the X-ray that pipe issues, higher tube voltage correspond to higher X-ray energy level, also just correspond to stronger X-ray
Penetration power；The latter be electric current and time product, codetermined issue X-ray amount, higher electric current, the longer time,
Corresponding more quantity of X-rays X, wherein the work tube voltage kvp of X-ray source determines X-ray penetration power, excessively high instrumentation tubes
Voltage kvp can generate more high level and more quantity of X-rays X, can generate bigger injury to patient naturally；And too low work
Tube voltage kvp can generate more low-lying level and less quantity of X-rays X, then can not generate clear and accurate image.Simultaneously as suffering from
The body surface of person radiation areas is not plane, has certain height relief, that is, the thickness difference at each position, if adopting
With the work tube voltage kvp of same size, then it will appear a part of fogging image, and a part of physical feeling may be by
Big ray damage, therefore work tube voltage kvp size can be adjusted according to the variation of body thickness in real time, it is current X-ray
The problem to be resolved of imaging technique.
Current existing X-ray imaging device, there are no the systems of similar measurement thickness, and are adjusted according to the thickness of measurement
Whole work tube voltage kvp, will solve the above problems, and the thickness measurement technique and accuracy of physical feeling are keys, measure
When thickness, if only measurement is primary, probably due to the measurement error of equipment and cause work tube voltage kvp serious non-compliance true
Work tube voltage kvp corresponding to real thickness causes very big damage or imaging very unintelligible human body, it is therefore desirable to carry out
Repeatedly measurement, and intermediate value is taken to multiple measurement data, thus obtain reliable thickness measurements；Existing intermediate value processing simultaneously
Method, if the data of measurement are more, the processing time corresponding to algorithm can also increase, and processing result is caused not catch up with equipment hair
The frequency that the renewal frequency or X-ray emission for penetrating X-ray update becomes smaller, and can all further result in the working efficiency drop of equipment
It is low.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of median filter method of thickness measure, is mainly used in x-ray imaging technique, to patient
The measurement of different body part thickness, for solving in the prior art when measuring thickness, probably due to the measurement error of equipment
And lead to work tube voltage kvp corresponding to work tube voltage kvp serious non-compliance actual thickness, very big damage is caused to human body
Wound or the very unsharp technical problem of imaging；Meanwhile the present invention also can solve the intermediate value processing side of existing measurement thickness equipment
The processing time corresponding to method can also increase, and causing processing result not catch up with, equipment emits the renewal frequency of X-ray or X is penetrated
The problem of frequency that line transmitting updates becomes smaller, and further resulting in the working efficiency of equipment reduces.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
A kind of median filter method of thickness measure, to solve in the prior art when measuring thickness, probably due to equipment
Measurement error and lead to work tube voltage kvp corresponding to work tube voltage kvp serious non-compliance actual thickness, human body is made
At very big damage or the very unsharp problem of imaging, include the following steps,
Step S1: carrying out n times premeasuring by surface of the range unit to testee first, obtain N number of measured value si,
Si indicates range unit to the distance on testee surface, i expression measurement serial number, value range i=1,2 ..., N；
Step S2: one capacity of creation is the fifo queue of n to store measured value, when the number of measurement values in queue
When reaching n, queue drop enters the measured value of queue earliest, and new measured value is put into queue, that is, abandons old measured value,
And new measured value is added, such queue just saves newest n measured value；
Step S3: obtaining the intermediate value a in queue by way of Fast Median Filtering, and intermediate value a is N number of prediction magnitude
Exact value；
Step S4: the background distance b in premeasuring range unit use, the thickness value L of testee is b-a.
By being taken multiple measurements to a position, the mode of intermediate value is selected in multiple measured values, can be kept away well
Exempt from the measurement error occurred once in a while, the intermediate value of selection can be used as accurate measurements to calculate the thickness of testee, to issue
Suitable work tube voltage kvp, such as range unit a little carry out 5 measurements, the result of 5 measurements to the surface of testee
27,28,29,29,30 are followed successively by according to sequencing, the capacity of queue of creation is 3, then according to the principle of first in first out, then first
The first two data will be dropped, remaining 29,29,30 3 measured values in queue, then median filtering takes intermediate value, obtains intermediate value
Then a=29 can obtain the thickness of testee by the background distance measured in advance；Certainly, when normal measurement, one
Data measured by a measurement period are much larger than 5 times, and generally 20-50 times, and the capacity of queue is also much larger than 3, usually
Tens differ to several hundred.
Further, can also increase to solve the processing time corresponding to the intermediate value processing method of existing measurement thickness equipment
It is long, cause the frequency that processing result does not catch up with the renewal frequency of equipment transmitting X-ray or X-ray emission updates to become smaller, into one
Step causes the technical issues of working efficiency reduction of equipment, and in step S3, the sequence step of Fast Median Filtering algorithm is specifically wrapped
It includes,
Step S301: presetting the value range [m, M] of prediction magnitude, creates the array A that a capacity is M-m+1,
All elements are initialized as 0, as a new measured value mkQueue is added, then by AmkIncrease 1, as Geju City measured value mjIt is lost
It abandons, then by AmjReduce 1；Array A has recorded the number of the appearance of each measured value from m to M；
Step S302: for the array, while from front to back add up part andIf εi-1< n/2, and εi>
N/2, then measured value i-m+1 is intermediate value.
By Fast Median Filtering, the time of algorithm operation can be greatly reduced, especially handle mass data when
It waits, can soon obtain intermediate value, improve working efficiency；Continue to assume there are five measured value 27,28,29,29,30, i.e. n=5,
The value range of array A is [25,30], then after inputting five measured values, array A becomes [0,0,1,1,2,1], be can be obtained
As i=3, εi-1< n/2, εi> n/2, thus obtaining intermediate value is 29.It is common, when carrying out body area measurement, number
The value range of group A is generally [20,80], and in measurement, measured value be all by centimetre as unit of integer, therefore in value
61 data points are just had in range, and in measurement, the pendulous frequency of a measurement period may be several hundred times, if according to
Traditional median filter method, then need constantly to be sorted and operation, and the capacity of array is also several hundred, therefore is calculated
Method takes a long time, and after using this Fast Median Filtering, the capacity of array is constant 61, and variation is Am in arrayj
Increase and reduction, this Fast Median Filtering provides the mode that a kind of time complexity is O (1), so that algorithm operation time
It greatly reduces, greatly improves work efficiency.
Further, in order to further increase algorithm process efficiency, quick sorting algorithm is constantly adjusted according to new and old measured value
Whole diminution value range [m, M], reduce value range the step of include,
Step S3011: as a new measured value mkWhen queue is added, while comparing mkWith the size of m, if M > mk> m, then
Value range [m, M] is transformed to [mk, M], the capacity of array A becomes M-m at this timek+1；As another new measured value mpTeam is added
When column, while comparing mpAnd mkSize, if mk> mp> m, then by value range [mk, M] and it is transformed to [mp, mk], array A at this time
Capacity become mk-mp+1；If M > mp> mk, then by value range [mk, M] and it is transformed to [mk, mp], the capacity of array A becomes at this time
For mp-mk+1；
Step S3012: when there is new measured value m againnWhen queue is added, repeats step S3011 and compare mnAnd mpOr mkIt is big
It is small, redefine the range of capacity and amount of capacity of array.
Such as in measurement, it is assumed that the value range of array A is [20,80], but for certain positions, thickness range
It can determine and be changed to 50-60, then have a large amount of Am for being 0 in array Ak, therefore the operation time of processor can be wasted, if energy
It is enough that range is narrowed down into rapidly actual measurement range, then when processor underway value filtering, many times can be saved；Cause
The step of this this diminution value range, is implemented as, it is assumed that the value range of script array A is [20,80], new at one
Queue, m1=50, then m1 > 20 is added in measured value m1, therefore the value range of array A becomes [50,80]；As new measured value m2
After queue is added, it is assumed that m2=60,50 < m2 < 80, then the value range of array A becomes [50,60]；Assuming that m2=40, m2 <
50, then the value range of array A becomes [40,50]；After adding a new measured value m3, it is assumed that m3=70, m3 > 50, then
The value range of array A becomes [40,70]；Thus the value range for constantly adjusting array A, until minimum zone can be accurate to,
Then median filtering speed within this range can be reduced significantly.
Further, described m, M are integer value, the new measured value mkFor the integer value in value range [m, M].
Further, the testee is placed on plate in measurement, and background distance b indicates the ranging of range unit
The vertical range of emitting head and plate.
Further, when the range unit carries out premeasuring to the surface of testee, first to testee surface
Same point carries out n times premeasuring, after obtaining measurement intermediate value；Mobile range unit carries out n times premeasuring again to another point and obtains
Corresponding measurement intermediate value.
Further, the range unit is using visible optical range finding apparatus, near visible range unit or sonar ranging dress
Any one in setting.
The invention has the benefit that
(1) present invention selects the mode of intermediate value by taking multiple measurements to a position in multiple measured values, can be with
The measurement error occurred once in a while is avoided well, and the intermediate value of selection can be used as accurate measurements to calculate the thickness of testee
Degree avoids excessively high Radiation On Human body from causing very big damage or too low radiation to issue suitable work tube voltage kvp
Quality makes the very unsharp situation of imaging.
(2) Fast Median Filtering method of the invention provides the mode that a kind of time complexity is O (1), especially exists
When handling mass data, intermediate value can be soon obtained, so that algorithm operation time greatly reduces, substantially increases work
Efficiency.
(3) median filter method of the invention can constantly adjust the value range of array A, until that can be accurate to minimum model
It encloses, range is narrowed down into rapidly actual measurement range, then median filtering speed within this range can be reduced significantly, processing
When device underway value filtering, many times can be saved.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is flow chart of the method for the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the sequence step of Fast Median Filtering algorithm of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the flow chart for the step of present invention reduces filtering value range.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing and specific embodiment the present invention is further elaborated.
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of median filter method of thickness measure, includes the following steps,
Step S1: carrying out n times premeasuring by surface of the range unit to testee first, obtain N number of measured value si,
Si indicates range unit to the distance on testee surface, i expression measurement serial number, value range i=1,2 ..., N；
Step S2: one capacity of creation is the fifo queue of n to store measured value, when the number of measurement values in queue
When reaching n, queue drop enters the measured value of queue earliest, and new measured value is put into queue, that is, abandons old measured value,
And new measured value is added, such queue just saves newest n measured value；
Step S3: obtaining the intermediate value a in queue by way of Fast Median Filtering, and intermediate value a is N number of prediction magnitude
Exact value；
Step S4: the background distance b in premeasuring range unit use, the thickness value L of testee is b-a.
By being taken multiple measurements to a position, the mode of intermediate value is selected in multiple measured values, can be kept away well
Exempt from the measurement error occurred once in a while, the intermediate value of selection can be used as accurate measurements to calculate the thickness of testee, to issue
Suitable work tube voltage kvp, such as range unit a little carry out 5 measurements, the result of 5 measurements to the surface of testee
27,28,29,29,30 are followed successively by according to sequencing, the capacity of queue of creation is 3, then according to the principle of first in first out, then first
The first two data will be dropped, remaining 29,29,30 3 measured values in queue, then median filtering takes intermediate value, obtains intermediate value
Then a=29 can obtain the thickness of testee by the background distance measured in advance；Certainly, when normal measurement, one
Data measured by a measurement period are much larger than 5 times, and generally 20-50 times, and the capacity of queue is also much larger than 3, usually
Tens differ to several hundred.
Embodiment 2:
As shown in Fig. 2, on the basis of the above embodiments, scheme as a further preference, in step S3, Quick Median
The sequence step of filtering algorithm specifically includes,
Step S301: presetting the value range [m, M] of prediction magnitude, creates the array A that a capacity is M-m+1,
All elements are initialized as 0, as a new measured value mkQueue is added, then by AmkIncrease 1, as Geju City measured value mjIt is lost
It abandons, then by AmjReduce 1；Array A has recorded the number of the appearance of each measured value from m to M；
Step S302: for the array, while from front to back add up part andIf εi-1< n/2, and εi>
N/2, then measured value i-m+1 is intermediate value.
By Fast Median Filtering, the time of algorithm operation can be greatly reduced, especially handle mass data when
It waits, can soon obtain intermediate value, improve working efficiency；Continue to assume there are five measured value 27,28,29,29,30, i.e. n=5,
The value range of array A is [25,30], then after inputting five measured values, array A becomes [0,0,1,1,2,1], be can be obtained
As i=3, εi-1< n/2, εi> n/2, thus obtaining intermediate value is 29.It is common, when carrying out body area measurement, number
The value range of group A is generally [20,80], and in measurement, measured value be all by centimetre as unit of integer, therefore in value
61 data points are just had in range, and in measurement, the pendulous frequency of a measurement period may be several hundred times, if according to
Traditional median filter method, then need constantly to be sorted and operation, and the capacity of array is also several hundred, therefore is calculated
Method takes a long time, and after using this Fast Median Filtering, the capacity of array is constant 61, and variation is Am in arrayj
Increase and reduction, this Fast Median Filtering provides the mode that a kind of time complexity is O (1), so that algorithm operation time
It greatly reduces, greatly improves work efficiency.
Embodiment 3:
As shown in figure 3, on the basis of the above embodiments, scheme, is calculated as a further preference in order to further increase
Method treatment effeciency, quick sorting algorithm is constantly adjusted according to new and old measured value reduces value range [m, M], reduces value range
The step of include,
Step S3011: as a new measured value mkWhen queue is added, while comparing mkWith the size of m, if M > mk> m, then
Value range [m, M] is transformed to [mk, M], the capacity of array A becomes M-m at this timek+1；As another new measured value mpTeam is added
When column, while comparing mpAnd mkSize, if mk> mp> m, then by value range [mk, M] and it is transformed to [mp, mk], array A at this time
Capacity become mk-mp+1；If M > mp> mk, then by value range [mk, M] and it is transformed to [mk, mp], the capacity of array A becomes at this time
For mp-mk+1；
Step S3012: when there is new measured value m againnWhen queue is added, repeats step S3011 and compare mnAnd mpOr mkIt is big
It is small, redefine the range of capacity and amount of capacity of array.
Such as in measurement, it is assumed that the value range of array A is [20,80], but for certain positions, thickness range
It can determine and be changed to 50-60, then have a large amount of Am for being 0 in array Ak, therefore the operation time of processor can be wasted, if energy
It is enough that range is narrowed down into rapidly actual measurement range, then when processor underway value filtering, many times can be saved；Cause
The step of this this diminution value range, is implemented as, it is assumed that the value range of script array A is [20,80], new at one
Queue, m1=50, then m1 > 20 is added in measured value m1, therefore the value range of array A becomes [50,80]；As new measured value m2
After queue is added, it is assumed that m2=60,50 < m2 < 80, then the value range of array A becomes [50,60]；Assuming that m2=40, m2 <
50, then the value range of array A becomes [40,50]；After adding a new measured value m3, it is assumed that m3=70, m3 > 50, then
The value range of array A becomes [40,70]；Thus the value range for constantly adjusting array A, until minimum zone can be accurate to,
Then median filtering speed within this range can be reduced significantly.
This Fast Median Filtering can be realized using the program in processor, and the following are the programmings of Fast Median Filtering
Example code:
Embodiment 4:
On the basis of the above embodiments, scheme, described m, M are integer value, the new measurement as a further preference
Value mkFor the integer value in value range [m, M]；Testee is placed on plate in measurement, and background distance b indicates ranging
The ranging emitting head of device and the vertical range of plate；When range unit carries out premeasuring to the surface of testee, first to quilt
The same point for surveying body surface carries out n times premeasuring, after obtaining measurement intermediate value；Mobile range unit carries out n times to another point again
Premeasuring simultaneously obtains corresponding measurement intermediate value；Range unit uses visible optical range finding apparatus, near visible range unit or sonar
Any one in range unit.
The present invention is not limited to above-mentioned optional embodiment, anyone can show that other are various under the inspiration of the present invention
The product of form, however, make any variation in its shape or structure, it is all to fall into the claims in the present invention confining spectrum
Technical solution, be within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of median filter method of thickness measure, it is characterised in that: include the following steps,
Step S1: n times premeasuring is carried out by surface of the range unit to testee first, obtains N number of measured value si, si table
Show distance of the range unit to testee surface, i expression measurement serial number, value range i=1,2 ..., N；
Step S2: one capacity of creation is the fifo queue of n to store measured value, when the number of measurement values in queue reaches
When n, queue drop enters the measured value of queue earliest, and new measured value is put into queue, that is, abandons old measured value, and add
Enter new measured value, such queue just saves newest n measured value；
Step S3: obtaining the intermediate value a in queue by way of Fast Median Filtering, and intermediate value a is the accurate of N number of prediction magnitude
Value；
Step S4: the background distance b in premeasuring range unit use, the thickness value L of testee is b-a.
2. a kind of median filter method of thickness measure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the step S3,
The sequence step of Fast Median Filtering algorithm specifically includes,
Step S301: presetting the value range [m, M] of prediction magnitude, creates the array A that a capacity is M-m+1, owns
Element is initialized as 0, as a new measured value mkQueue is added, then by AmkIncrease 1, as Geju City measured value mjIt is dropped, then
By AmjReduce 1；Array A has recorded the number of the appearance of each measured value from m to M；
Step S302: for the array, while from front to back add up part andIf εi-1< n/2, and εi> n/2,
Then measured value i-m+1 is intermediate value.
3. a kind of median filter method of thickness measure according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the quicksort is calculated
Method according to new and old measured value constantly adjust reduce value range [m, M], reduce value range the step of include,
Step S3011: as a new measured value mkWhen queue is added, while comparing mkWith the size of m, if M > mk> m will then take
Value range [m, M] is transformed to [mk, M], the capacity of array A becomes M-m at this timek+1；As another new measured value mpQueue is added
When, while comparing mpAnd mkSize, if mk> mp> m, then by value range [mk, M] and it is transformed to [mp, M], array A at this time
Capacity becomes M-mp+1；If M > mp> mk, then by value range [mk, M] and it is transformed to [mk, mp], the capacity of array A becomes at this time
mp-mk+1；
Step S3012: when there is new measured value m againnWhen queue is added, repeats step S3011 and compare mnAnd mpOr mkSize, again
Determine the range of capacity and amount of capacity of array.
4. a kind of median filter method of thickness measure according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: described m, M are integer
Value, the new measured value mkFor the integer value in value range [m, M].
5. a kind of median filter method of thickness measure according to claim 1-4, it is characterised in that: the quilt
It surveys object to be placed on plate in measurement, background distance b indicates the ranging emitting head of range unit and the vertical range of plate.
6. a kind of median filter method of thickness measure according to claim 1-4, it is characterised in that: the survey
When carrying out premeasuring away from surface of the device to testee, n times premeasuring first is carried out to the same point on testee surface, is obtained
After measuring intermediate value；Mobile range unit carries out n times premeasuring again to another point and obtains corresponding measurement intermediate value.
7. a kind of median filter method of thickness measure according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the range unit is adopted
With any one in visible optical range finding apparatus, near visible range unit or sonar range unit.
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