CN109142508A - A kind of magnetic conductivity instrument for Magnetic Flux Leakage Inspecting - Google Patents
A kind of magnetic conductivity instrument for Magnetic Flux Leakage Inspecting Download PDFInfo
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- CN109142508A CN109142508A CN201810919378.XA CN201810919378A CN109142508A CN 109142508 A CN109142508 A CN 109142508A CN 201810919378 A CN201810919378 A CN 201810919378A CN 109142508 A CN109142508 A CN 109142508A
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- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 189
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 18
- 238000009659 non-destructive testing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000011158 quantitative evaluation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000406668 Loxodonta cyclotis Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013068 control sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003302 ferromagnetic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000004164 analytical calibration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/72—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables
- G01N27/82—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws
- G01N27/83—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws by investigating stray magnetic fields
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/02—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Magnetic Means (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention is suitable for field of non destructive testing, provides a kind of magnetic conductivity instrument for Magnetic Flux Leakage Inspecting, is internally provided with Energizing unit, and one or more Magnetic Sensors are arranged below the Energizing unit.The measurement of the magnetic property to comparison template or object to be checked may be implemented by the Magnetic Sensor, with the Quantitative Evaluation of Defect for the later period, this scheme, the magnetic property difference of comparison template or object to be checked is taken into account, more objects to be checked are adapted to, the dosing accuracy of defect is improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of non destructive testing more particularly to a kind of magnetic conductivity instrument for Magnetic Flux Leakage Inspecting.
Background technique
The principle of Magnetic Flux Leakage Inspecting (Magnetic Flux Leakage, MFL) than more visible, mainly using magnetic flux to
Examine the conduction principle in object.When include etch pit, bubble or crackle in object to be checked the defects of, because these are lacked
Sunken magnetic conductivity is different with the magnetic conductivity of object base material to be checked, causes the magnetic flux distribution of fault location different.In general, it lacks
A magnetic flux leakage, that is, so-called leakage field can be caused on the surface of object to be checked by falling into.Pass through the magnetic flux to this leakage
Detection, can quantitatively be calculated the defects of object to be checked dimension, including depth etc..
Before carrying out Magnetic Flux Leakage Inspecting, generally an instrument calibration is carried out to detecting instrument, quantitatively be mentioned for the dimension of defect
For foundation.Such as required in national standard " non-destructive testing of NB/T 47013-2015 bearing device ", using calibration template and comparison
Template checks the detecting state and quantitation capabilities of instrument.In the manufacturing process of calibration template and comparison template, it is desirable that
It is made using with material similar in object magnetic property to be checked.It requires in this way, is because of magnetic property, especially magnetic property, is shadow
An important factor for ringing Magnetic Flux Leakage Inspecting.In the case where having no idea to know the magnetic property of object to be checked, can only require using magnetism
Material similar in energy, to solve this problem.
It is found in practice, it, under normal circumstances can only be according to the model of material to be checked right because of the diversity of object to be checked
The magnetism of elephant can be carried out one and estimate.This estimate is to be grossly inaccurate, and can generate bigger deviation.It is having no idea to care for
And in the case where the magnetic property of object to be checked, Magnetic Flux Leakage Inspecting is likely to occur bigger deviation.In extreme situations, this inclined
Difference can reach 20% or more.For the quantitative accuracy for further improving Magnetic Flux Leakage Inspecting, it is necessary to a kind of instrument is developed,
Energy on-site test goes out the main dependent magnetic energy of object to be checked, provides foundation for Magnetic Flux Leakage Inspecting defect quantitative, improves its accuracy.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of magnetic conductivity instrument for Magnetic Flux Leakage Inspecting, it is intended to solve
The larger technical problem of existing Magnetic Flux Leakage Inspecting error.
The present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
The magnetic conductivity instrument for Magnetic Flux Leakage Inspecting, is internally provided with Energizing unit, sets below the Energizing unit
Set one or more Magnetic Sensors.
Further, the Magnetic Sensor is learnt in different situations for detecting magnetic field strength, passes through Magnetic Sensor
The magnitude of field intensity at place obtains can be obtained by magnetic flux size after magnetic field strength, and then reversely assesses comparison template/to be checked right
The magnetic property of elephant.
Further, when work, the magnetic conductivity instrument described first carries out self-test, and then object to be checked is placed under magnetic conductivity instrument
Side, obtains the magnetic field strength of object to be checked, is labeled as target value, some comparison templates is then selected to be placed under magnetic conductivity instrument one by one
The measurement of Fang Jinhang magnetic field strength, finally selects with the immediate comparison template of the target value as quantitative criterion.
Further, also need to record the thickness of object to be checked.
Further, for the Energizing unit using U-shaped structure or back magnetic structure, the U-shaped structure is one block of armature, rank
The down-set magnet in iron both ends, the back magnetic structure are the magnet being independently arranged, and under two kinds of structures, Magnetic Sensor is respectively positioned on magnet
Lower section.
Further, the magnet uses permanent magnet or electromagnet.
Further, when Energizing unit select permanent magnet when, magnetic conductivity instrument measurement front and back by built-in Magnetic Sensor come
The magnetic property for monitoring permanent magnet all carries out the magnetic field strength of Energizing unit permanent magnet itself before each detection and after detection
Reading, and record, to guarantee that Energizing unit is reliable and stable when using.
Further, when Energizing unit selects electromagnet, detection and display guarantee that electric current exists by the electric current of electromagnet
Detection front and back remains unchanged；Or magnetic all can also be generated to Energizing unit electromagnet using before each detection and after detection
The magnetic field strength of field is read, and is recorded.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: Magnetic Sensor built in instrument of the present invention, may be implemented to comparison template or to be checked
The measurement of the magnetic property of object, with the Quantitative Evaluation of Defect for the later period, this scheme, taken into account comparison template or to
The magnetic property difference for examining object adapts to more objects to be checked, improves the dosing accuracy of defect.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the measurement structure figure of existing Magnetic Flux Leakage Inspecting instrument；
Fig. 2 is a kind of measurement structure figure for the magnetic conductivity instrument that the embodiment of the present invention provides；
Fig. 3 is another measurement structure figure for the magnetic conductivity instrument that the embodiment of the present invention provides.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.
In order to illustrate technical solutions according to the invention, the following is a description of specific embodiments.
The magnetic conductivity of ferromagnetic material is the key parameter in a main magnetic property parameter and Magnetic Flux Leakage Inspecting.But
It is that in practice, this parameter is not detected directly.General way is by assuming that using comparative sample similar in magnetic property
Plate is handled.Actually this requirement cannot be fully achieved, because comparison template is limited, while also not know object to be checked
Magnetic property, one can only be carried out according to the magnetic property of the model of material to object to be checked under normal circumstances and be estimated, so
It has no idea accurately control sample similar in magnetic property to be selected to provide quantitative reference.Therefore it is being compared accurately at present
Defect dimension it is quantitative when, it is desirable that the magnetic property of comparison template and object to be checked is close, mainly requires thickness and magnetic conductivity
It can be all close.But what this requirement was often not achieved.Its consequence is exactly to carry out defect quantitative detection using Magnetic Flux Leakage Inspecting
When, there is bigger deviation in acquired results.
Here on second thought, if the magnetic property difference of object to be checked and comparison template is farther out, but if can compare
Accurate detection goes out the magnetic property parameter of object to be checked, can also convert, and obtains more accurately quantitative data.Institute
With measurement and record for the magnetic property of comparison template and object to be checked become extremely important.
Existing Magnetic Flux Leakage Inspecting instrument is using permanent magnet as exciting unit, and structure is as shown in Figure 1, include one block of armature
1, and multiple magnet 2 are installed at both ends below armature 1, and entire Energizing unit is made to constitute a coherent magnetic loop.In excitation
Below unit, when occurring comparing template/object to be checked 3, Energizing unit and comparison template/object to be checked are constituted
One complete circuit, label 5 are the sensor probes of Magnetic Flux Leakage Inspecting instrument.Magnetic conductivity instrument can be an individual instrument,
It can be the addition structure and function of Magnetic Flux Leakage Testing Instrument, the sensor probe of Magnetic Flux Leakage Testing Instrument and magnetic conductivity instrument are uncorrelated here.
At this point, if comparison template/object to be checked magnetic property variation, magnetic flux size in circuit also thus change.That is,
Magnetic flux size in entire magnetic loop, actually compares the function of template/object to be checked magnetic property.
Especially it is emphasized that the magnetic flux size drawn and the magnetic conductivity of material are closely related herein, but not magnetic
Conductance itself.This parameter is used to describe the magnetic conduction ability of comparison template or object to be checked, especially in Magnetic Flux Leakage Testing Instrument phase
With the magnetic conduction ability under magnetic field.
So if be aware of comparison template/object to be checked magnetic flux size, and then it counter can release comparison template/to be checked
The magnetic property of object.Therefore the present invention implements to be based on this, as shown in Fig. 2, below Energizing unit, installation one or more
A Magnetic Sensor 4 can be learnt in different situations for detecting magnetic field strength, pass through the magnetic field size at Magnetic Sensor.
According to above-mentioned principle, magnetic flux size can be obtained by after obtaining magnetic field strength, and then can assess comparison template/to be checked in turn
The magnetic property of object.
In practical operation, after connecting magnetic conductivity instrument, instrument self checking is carried out first, including carrying out instrument in air
Parameter is read, because there is high-intensity magnetic field, operator will pay special attention to the safety in operation, prevents accident.Later magnetic conductivity
Instrument is placed in clean comparison template/subject surface to be checked, carries out the measurement of magnetic conduction ability.Generally also need Record Comparison template/
The thickness of object to be checked refers to as one, the data record read is got off, so that it may carry out subsequent operation.
While improving the accuracy of Magnetic Flux Leakage Inspecting, the present embodiment Magnetic Sensor is also used as measurement Energizing unit
The parameter of excitation effect uses.In the case where needing to adjust the intensity of magnetization or excitation effect, got using Magnetic Sensor
Parameter, it may be convenient to feed back to system, system takes mechanical or electronics method, carries out the adjusting of Energizing unit, can
To be its height either distance, it is also possible to the driving current etc. of Energizing unit.Therefore here Magnetic Sensor as excitation
When effect detection uses, current excitation effect can be fed back, and provides the direction of excitation effect adjustment, keeps excitation effect digital
Change, standardization is also beneficial to quantifying for defect, is conducive to the comparison between different detections, improves the dosing accuracy of defect.
The main purpose of Magnetic Flux Leakage Inspecting is to obtain the dimensional information of defect, especially depth information, and the data obtained can be used
In a variety of calculating.Particularly, it is calculating for defect thickness.For this purpose, first measuring the magnetic property of object to be checked, that is, measure magnetic
Field intensity, because magnetic flux has reacted the magnetic property of material, using the comparison template data of close magnetic property as quantitative
Then standard is placed below magnetic conductivity instrument one by one specifically, first selecting some proper comparison templates and carries out magnetic field strength
Measurement is finally selected with the immediate comparison template of object magnetic field strength to be checked as quantitative criterion.In addition it can record to
The thickness for examining object, is only intended to the report in later period, and there is no the foundations for alternatively comparing template.Therefore pass through this detector
Device, the selection standard of control sample, by original " identical plate thickness ", " identical magnetic property " has been arrived in promotion.
In the present embodiment, the Energizing unit using U-shaped structure or back magnetic structure, the U-shaped structure as shown in Fig. 2,
For one block of armature, the down-set magnet in armature both ends；The back magnetic structure is as shown in figure 3, be the magnet being independently arranged, two kinds of knots
Under structure, Magnetic Sensor is respectively positioned below magnet.And permanent magnet may be selected in magnet, also can choose electromagnet.
It is that structure is simple using the advantages of permanent magnetism scheme.But there are itself a stability problems for permanent magnet.With
Using the time growth, the Surface field of itself can also fail.The influence of the measurement to magnetic property can thus be generated.One
A shirtsleeve operation method is that its magnetic property is monitored using the Magnetic Sensor of detecting instrument itself.Before each detection and examine
After survey, all Energizing unit itself is read, and is recorded.It come Energizing unit when guaranteeing use is reliable and stable with this.
If Energizing unit uses electromagnet, since the electric current by electromagnet can detecte and show, so can compare
Accurately know the output magnetic field of Energizing unit.It can certainly be detected by Magnetic Sensor.In turn, electric current and magnetic sensing
Between device, a mutual verification also can be carried out, verify stability, the reliability of detecting instrument itself.Using electromagnet structure
In the case where at exciting unit, it is also necessary to control electric current, to show that comparing template/object to be checked under multiple magnetic fields leads
Magnetic parameter.
Using electromagnet as another benefit of Energizing unit be can be carried out under different magnetic field magnetic conduction ability inspection
It surveys.According to the actual situation, the magnetic conductivity of ferromagnetic material is actually not changeless, itself is also the letter of externally-applied magnetic field
Number, changes with the magnetization situation of itself.Using electromagnet as Energizing unit, excitation can be eaily adjusted
The magnetic field size of unit, and then obtain the magnetic property curve of comparison template or object to be checked under different magnetic field.Certainly, most
Magnetic property parameter mainly in external magnetic field identical with Magnetic Flux Leakage Testing Instrument.Using electromagnet as Energizing unit when
It waits, can also be motivated using low-frequency ac.Using ac-excited, because excitation field itself is variation, institute
Can quickly obtain the magnetic property parameter under multiple magnetic field strengths.
The problem of comparing template or object to be checked there is also a remanent magnetism.Remanent magnetism also will affect comparison template or to be checked
The magnetic property of object.Remanent magnetism is also a local phenomenon simultaneously, there is different remanent magnetism in different regions.Occur for defect
Region first can also individually carry out the magnetic property measurement in this region, examine if being compared accurate defect quantitative
The influence for considering local local remanent magnetism of having entered includes into magnetic property parameter using it as a factor.
To sum up, because the main purpose of Magnetic Flux Leakage Inspecting is to obtain the dimensional information of defect, especially depth information.Institute's total
It is the calculating for defect thickness particularly according to can be used for a variety of calculating.For this purpose, the magnetic conductivity first arrived according to actual measurement
Can, using the comparison template of close magnetic property as quantitative standard.In addition record object to be checked thickness be only intended to after
The report of phase is not used to comparative selection template.The selection standard for comparing template, by original " identical plate thickness ", promotion is arrived
" identical magnetic conduction ability ", here it is where main thought of the invention.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention within mind and principle.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of magnetic conductivity instrument for Magnetic Flux Leakage Inspecting, is internally provided with Energizing unit, which is characterized in that in the excitation list
One or more Magnetic Sensors are arranged in first lower section.
2. being used for the magnetic conductivity instrument of Magnetic Flux Leakage Inspecting as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the Magnetic Sensor is used for detection magnetic
Field intensity is learnt in different situations, by the magnitude of field intensity at Magnetic Sensor, can be obtained after obtaining magnetic field strength
To magnetic flux size, and then reversely assess comparison template/object to be checked magnetic property.
3. being used for the magnetic conductivity instrument of Magnetic Flux Leakage Inspecting as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that when work, the magnetic conductivity described first
Instrument carries out self-test, and then object to be checked is placed below magnetic conductivity instrument, obtains the magnetic field strength of object to be checked, is labeled as target
Then value selects some comparison templates to be placed below magnetic conductivity instrument one by one and carries out magnetic field strength measurement, finally selection and the mesh
The immediate comparison template of scale value is as quantitative criterion.
4. being used for the magnetic conductivity instrument of Magnetic Flux Leakage Inspecting as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that also need to record the thickness of object to be checked
Degree.
5. being used for the magnetic conductivity instrument of Magnetic Flux Leakage Inspecting as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the Energizing unit uses U-shaped knot
Structure or back magnetic structure, the U-shaped structure are one block of armature, and the down-set magnet in armature both ends, the back magnetic structure is independent
The magnet of setting, under two kinds of structures, Magnetic Sensor is respectively positioned below magnet.
6. being used for the magnetic conductivity instrument of Magnetic Flux Leakage Inspecting as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the magnet using permanent magnet or
Electromagnet.
7. being used for the magnetic conductivity instrument of Magnetic Flux Leakage Inspecting as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that when Energizing unit selects permanent magnet
When, magnetic conductivity instrument measurement front and back monitors the magnetic property of permanent magnet by built-in Magnetic Sensor, detects preceding and detection each
Afterwards, all the magnetic field strength of Energizing unit permanent magnet itself is read, and recorded, to guarantee that Energizing unit is stable when using
Reliably.
8. being used for the magnetic conductivity instrument of Magnetic Flux Leakage Inspecting as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that when Energizing unit selects electromagnet
When, detection and display guarantee that electric current remains unchanged afterwards before detection by the electric current of electromagnet；Or it can also be using each
Before detection and after detection, the magnetic field strength for all generating magnetic field to Energizing unit electromagnet is read, and is recorded.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810919378.XA CN109142508A (en) | 2018-08-09 | 2018-08-09 | A kind of magnetic conductivity instrument for Magnetic Flux Leakage Inspecting |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810919378.XA CN109142508A (en) | 2018-08-09 | 2018-08-09 | A kind of magnetic conductivity instrument for Magnetic Flux Leakage Inspecting |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110187001A (en) * | 2019-05-22 | 2019-08-30 | 西红柿科技（武汉）有限公司 | A kind of defect detecting device and detection method using surface magnetic conductance technology |
| CN110208366A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2019-09-06 | 西红柿科技（武汉）有限公司 | A kind of integrated form Energizing unit for Magnetic Flux Leakage Inspecting |
| CN115060793A (en) * | 2022-08-16 | 2022-09-16 | 北京航空航天大学 | On-line detection device, method, medium and equipment for defects of airborne towed antenna |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110187001A (en) * | 2019-05-22 | 2019-08-30 | 西红柿科技（武汉）有限公司 | A kind of defect detecting device and detection method using surface magnetic conductance technology |
| CN110208366A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2019-09-06 | 西红柿科技（武汉）有限公司 | A kind of integrated form Energizing unit for Magnetic Flux Leakage Inspecting |
| CN110208366B (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2023-10-20 | 西红柿科技（武汉）有限公司 | Integrated excitation unit for magnetic leakage detection |
| CN115060793A (en) * | 2022-08-16 | 2022-09-16 | 北京航空航天大学 | On-line detection device, method, medium and equipment for defects of airborne towed antenna |
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