CN108329951B - Anaerobic feeder - Google Patents
Anaerobic feeder Download PDFInfo
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- CN108329951B CN108329951B CN201810322455.3A CN201810322455A CN108329951B CN 108329951 B CN108329951 B CN 108329951B CN 201810322455 A CN201810322455 A CN 201810322455A CN 108329951 B CN108329951 B CN 108329951B
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- gas
- sliding plate
- ventilation
- feeding device
- air exchange
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- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 242
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 abstract description 31
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 14
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
- C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
- C10J3/30—Fuel charging devices
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
- C10J3/50—Fuel charging devices
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
- C10J2300/1603—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with gas treatment
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an anaerobic feeder which is used for conveying materials to a gasification furnace, and comprises a feeding device and a gas replacement device, wherein a discharge hole of the feeding device is connected to a feed hole of the gas replacement device, and the materials are output by the feeding device to enter the gas replacement device and are output by a discharge hole of the gas replacement device to the gasification furnace; the gas replacement device is hollow in the gas replacement device to form a gas replacement cavity, and comprises a ventilation upper sliding plate, a ventilation lower sliding plate, a high-pressure protective gas blowing opening and a gas discharge opening. The anaerobic feeder provided by the invention has a simple structure, is convenient to use, can effectively discharge air mixed in materials, further reduces the content of oxygen in the gasification process in the gasification furnace, further reduces the generation of dioxin, and further better protects the environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biomass energy utilization, in particular to an anaerobic feeder.
Background
The existing feeders applied to the gasification furnace are all common feeding feeders, and no protective measures are taken on air isolation, so that a great amount of air and raw materials are mixed and enter the gasification furnace when the existing feeders feed, however, the content of the air in the gasification furnace has a great influence on the gasification result of the gasification furnace.
The comparison of dioxin data generated by different air participation gasification processes (1 gram of garbage as detection unit) is shown in table 1:
| air excess coefficient | Concentration of dioxin (ng/g) |
| 0.0 | 0.004 |
| 0.2 | 39.033 |
| 0.4 | 88.760 |
| 0.6 | 113.248 |
| 0.8 | 159.847 |
| 1.0 | 542.730 |
| 1.2 | 784.827 |
| 1.4 | 1364.586 |
As can be seen from table 1, the higher the content of air in the gasification process, the greater the content of dioxin generated in the gasification process, and the less the content of dioxin generated under the air-isolated condition. According to calculation, the relation that the content of air and the content of final dioxin in the gasification process are increased in proportion, so that the control of the air mixing is of great significance to whether the gasification process can meet the environmental protection requirement. It is found that oxygen in air plays a decisive role in gasification result, so that the gasification process needs to strictly control the content of oxygen in the gasification furnace, and preferably the influence of oxygen on the gasification process is avoided.
However, the existing feeders do not take effective measures to control the mixing of air or oxygen, which causes the gasification furnace to generate more dioxin in the gasification process, thereby causing harm to the environment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an anaerobic feeder which is used for solving the problem that the existing feeder cannot effectively control the mixing of air or oxygen, so that more dioxin is generated in the gasification process, and the environmental pollution is serious.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an anaerobic feeder for conveying a material to a gasification furnace, the anaerobic feeder comprising a feeding device and a gas replacement device, wherein a discharge port of the feeding device is connected to a feed port of the gas replacement device, and the material is output by the feeding device into the gas replacement device and is output by a discharge port of the gas replacement device to the gasification furnace;
the gas replacement device is hollow in the gas replacement device to form a gas replacement cavity, and comprises a ventilation upper sliding plate, a ventilation lower sliding plate, a high-pressure protective gas blowing opening and a gas discharge opening;
the air exchanging upper sliding plate and the air exchanging lower sliding plate which are hollow in the inner part penetrate through the side wall of the air exchanging device and incline downwards to penetrate into the air exchanging cavity, the air exchanging upper sliding plate is arranged above the air exchanging lower sliding plate and is opposite to the air exchanging lower sliding plate, sliding plate protective gas blowing openings are respectively arranged on the upper sides of the air exchanging upper sliding plate and the air exchanging lower sliding plate which are arranged in the air exchanging device, and air enters the air exchanging upper sliding plate and the air exchanging lower sliding plate from the air inlet of the air exchanging upper sliding plate and the air exchanging lower sliding plate and enters the air exchanging cavity after being sprayed out from the sliding plate protective gas blowing openings;
the high-pressure protective gas blowing port is arranged on the side wall of the gas replacement device opposite to the upper ventilation sliding plate and is positioned above the upper ventilation sliding plate, and the gas blown into the gas replacement cavity by the high-pressure protective gas blowing port is blown to the upper ventilation sliding plate;
the gas discharge port is provided in a ceiling wall of the gas replacement device, and the gas replaced in the gas replacement chamber is discharged through the gas discharge port.
Preferably, the high-pressure shielding gas blowing opening is positioned at the lower side of the lower edge of the feeding hole of the gas replacement device or is flush with the lower edge, and the pressure of the gas blown by the high-pressure shielding gas blowing opening is 0.3-2MPa.
Preferably, the distance between the ventilation upper sliding plate and the top wall of the gas replacement device is 1/5-1/3 of the length of the side wall of the gas replacement device, and the inclination angle between the ventilation upper sliding plate and the radial direction of the gas replacement device is 10-25 degrees.
Preferably, the inclination angle of the air exchange lower sliding plate and the radial direction of the gas replacement device is 10-25 degrees, the upper end of the air exchange lower sliding plate and the lower end of the air exchange upper sliding plate are in the same horizontal plane, and the sum of the volumes of the gas blown by the high-pressure shielding gas blowing opening and the gas sprayed by the sliding plate shielding gas blowing opening in unit time is 5-15 times of the volume of the material input into the gas replacement device in unit time.
Preferably, the ventilation upper sliding plate and the ventilation lower sliding plate are respectively and uniformly provided with a plurality of sliding plate protective gas blowing openings, the overlapping volume of gas sprayed from the adjacent sliding plate protective gas blowing openings is 5% -15% of the volume of gas sprayed from the single sliding plate protective gas blowing opening, and the pressure of the gas input by the gas input ports of the ventilation upper sliding plate and the ventilation lower sliding plate is 0.1-8MPa.
Preferably, the anaerobic feeder further comprises a gas guiding device, the gas guiding device comprises an exhaust pipe, a gas guiding pipe, a dust baffle and a plurality of gas filters, the exhaust pipe is communicated with the gas replacement cavity through a gas outlet, the lower end of the gas guiding pipe is located in the gas replacement cavity, the upper end of the gas guiding pipe is located at the inner side of the exhaust pipe, the dust baffle is arranged in the exhaust pipe and is in clearance with the pipe wall of the exhaust pipe, the dust baffle is located above the gas guiding pipe, a plurality of gas filters are arranged at the end part of the exhaust pipe, and gas in the exhaust pipe is discharged after being filtered by the gas filters.
Preferably, the gas guide tube is disposed perpendicularly to the top wall of the gas displacement device.
Preferably, the lower end of the gas guiding pipe is conical, the side wall of the lower end of the gas guiding pipe is inclined outwards at an angle of 30-60 degrees, and the diameter of the lower port of the gas guiding pipe is 1.5-6 times of the pipe diameter of the upper end of the gas guiding pipe.
Preferably, the feeding device comprises a first spiral feeding device and a second spiral feeding device, wherein a discharge hole of the first spiral feeding device is connected to a feed hole of the second spiral feeding device, a discharge hole of the second spiral feeding device is connected to a feed hole of the gas replacement device, the first spiral feeding device performs first extrusion conveying on the material to the second spiral feeding device, and the second spiral feeding device performs second extrusion conveying on the material to the gas replacement device.
Preferably, the first screw feeding device comprises a first shell, a first motor, a first speed reducer and a first screw blade, wherein the first screw blade is arranged in the first shell, an output shaft of the first motor is connected to an input shaft of the first speed reducer, an output shaft of the first speed reducer is connected to the first screw blade, the rotating speed of the output shaft of the first speed reducer is 8-30rpm, and the diameter of a feeding hole of the first screw feeding device is 6-15 times that of a discharging hole of the first screw feeding device.
The invention has the following advantages:
the invention provides an anaerobic feeder which comprises a feeding device and a gas replacement device, wherein the gas replacement device with a hollow gas replacement cavity is formed in the interior of the anaerobic feeder and comprises an upper ventilation sliding plate, a lower ventilation sliding plate, a high-pressure protective gas blowing opening and a gas discharge opening. The material is firstly input into the gas replacement device by the feeding device, gas (such as carbon dioxide) is blown into the gas replacement cavity by the high-pressure protective gas blowing opening, gas (such as carbon dioxide) is input into the ventilation upper sliding plate and the ventilation lower sliding plate at the same time, and then is sprayed out by the sliding plate protective gas blowing opening and enters the gas replacement cavity, and the input gas (such as carbon dioxide) is discharged through the gas discharge opening after the oxygen mixed in the material is replaced by the gas replacement device, so that the amount of the oxygen mixed in the material output to the gasification furnace by the gas replacement device is greatly reduced, the generation of dioxin generated by the gasification furnace during gasification reaction is greatly reduced, and the environment is better protected.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an anaerobic feeder according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1-feeding device, 101-first screw feeding device, 1011-first housing, 1012-first motor, 1013-first speed reducer, 1014-first screw blade, 102-second screw feeding device, 1021-second housing, 1022-second motor, 1023-second screw, 2-gas replacement device, 201-gas replacement chamber, 202-ventilation upper slide, 203-ventilation lower slide, 204-slide protective gas mouthpiece, 205-high pressure protective gas mouthpiece, 206-gas outlet, 207-discharge port of gas replacement device, 3-gas guiding device, 301-exhaust pipe, 302-gas guiding pipe, 3021-lower port of gas guiding pipe, 303-dust baffle, 304-gas filter.
Detailed Description
The following examples are illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides an anaerobic feeder for delivering materials to a gasification furnace, which comprises a feeding device 1 and a gas replacement device 2, wherein a discharge port of the feeding device 1 is connected to a feed port of the gas replacement device 2, and when the anaerobic feeder provided by the present embodiment is used, materials are output from the feeding device 1 into the gas replacement device 2 and output from a discharge port 207 of the gas replacement device to the gasification furnace.
In this embodiment, the gas substitution chamber 201 is formed in the gas substitution device 2, and oxygen mixed in the material is substituted in the gas substitution chamber 201.
Specifically, the gas replacement device 2 includes a ventilation upper slide plate 202, a ventilation lower slide plate 203, a high-pressure shielding gas mouthpiece 205, and a gas discharge port 206.
More specifically, the upper and lower ventilation slides 202 and 203, which are hollow in the interior, each penetrate through the side wall of the gas replacement device 2 and incline downward into the gas replacement chamber 201, and the upper ventilation slide 202 is located above the lower ventilation slide 203 and is disposed opposite to the lower ventilation slide 203.
Preferably, the distance between the upper ventilation slide plate 202 and the top wall of the gas replacement device 2 is 1/5-1/3 of the length of the side wall of the gas replacement device 2, and the inclination angle between the upper ventilation slide plate 202 and the radial direction of the gas replacement device 2 is 10-25 degrees, so that the downward sliding efficiency of the material falling on the upper ventilation slide plate 202 is higher, and the replacement effect of the air mixed in the material by the gas sprayed from the gas blowing port 204 of the slide plate is better.
More preferably, the inclination angle of the ventilation lower sliding plate 203 with respect to the radial direction of the gas replacement device 2 is 10 to 25 degrees, and the upper end of the ventilation lower sliding plate 203 and the lower end of the ventilation upper sliding plate 202 are at the same horizontal plane. This allows the material to slide down from the ventilation upper slide 202 to the ventilation lower slide 203, and further allows the gas sprayed from the slide protection gas mouthpiece 204 of the ventilation lower slide 203 to perform efficient replacement of the air mixed in the material again, so that the gas replacement effect of the gas replacement device 2 is better.
In the present embodiment, the upper sides of the upper and lower ventilation sliding plates 202 and 203 located inside the gas replacement device 2 are respectively provided with a sliding plate shielding gas mouthpiece 204, and gas enters the inside of the upper and lower ventilation sliding plates 202 and 203 through the gas input ports of the upper and lower ventilation sliding plates 202 and 203 and is ejected through the sliding plate shielding gas mouthpiece 204 to enter the gas replacement chamber 201, and the input gas may be, but is not limited to, carbon dioxide. The slide plate protects the gas mouthpiece 204, and the air mixed in the material is replaced again, and the power is supplied to the material from the gas replacement device 2. The material falls onto the ventilation lower slide plate 203 after sliding down from the ventilation upper slide plate 202, and the material continues to slide down under the action of the gas sprayed from the slide plate protective gas blowing port 204, and finally is output from the discharge port 207 of the gas replacement device.
More preferably, the ventilation upper and lower sliding plates 202 and 203 are uniformly provided with a plurality of sliding plate shielding gas mouths 205, respectively. Note that the gas injection ranges of the slide plate shielding gas mouthpiece 205 overlap, but there is no gas injection dead zone. The overlapping volume of the gas ejected from the adjacent slide plate shielding gas mouthpiece 205 is 5% -15% of the volume of the gas ejected from the single slide plate shielding gas mouthpiece 205, and the pressure of the gas input from the gas input ports of the ventilation upper slide plate 202 and the ventilation lower slide plate 203 is 0.1-8MPa. This maximizes the re-substitution efficiency of the oxygen mixed in the material by the gas ejected from the slide cover gas mouthpiece 205.
In the present embodiment, the high-pressure shielding gas blowing port 205 is provided on the side wall of the gas replacement device 2 opposite to the upper ventilation slide plate 202, and is located above the upper ventilation slide plate 202, and the gas blown into the gas replacement chamber 201 from the high-pressure shielding gas blowing port 205 is blown toward the upper ventilation slide plate 202. Preferably, the gas blown into the gas substitution chamber 201 from the high pressure shielding gas mouthpiece 205 may be, but not limited to, carbon dioxide, which not only effectively substitutes oxygen in the gas substitution device 2, but also does not pollute the air.
Preferably, the high-pressure shielding gas mouthpiece 205 is located at the lower side of the lower edge of the feed port of the gas substitution device 2 or is flush with the lower edge, and the pressure of the gas blown by the high-pressure shielding gas mouthpiece 205 is 0.3-2MPa, which results in higher gas substitution efficiency in the gas substitution chamber 201.
In a preferred embodiment, the sum of the volumes of gas blown in by the high pressure shielding gas mouthpiece 205 and gas blown out by the slide shielding gas mouthpiece 204 per unit time is 5-15 times the volume of material fed into the gas displacement device 2 per unit time. This allows the gas blown in from the high-pressure shielding gas mouthpiece 205 and the gas blown out from the slide shielding gas mouthpiece 204 to efficiently replace the oxygen mixed in the material.
In the present embodiment, the gas discharge port 206 is provided in the ceiling wall of the gas replacement device 2, and the gas replaced in the gas replacement chamber 201 is discharged through the gas discharge port 206.
When the anaerobic feeder provided by the invention is used, materials are firstly input into the gas replacement device 2 through the feeding device 1, gas (such as carbon dioxide) is blown into the gas replacement cavity 201 through the high-pressure protective gas blowing opening 205, gas (such as carbon dioxide) is input into the ventilation upper sliding plate 202 and the ventilation lower sliding plate 203 at the same time, the gas (such as carbon dioxide) is sprayed out through the sliding plate protective gas blowing opening 204 and then enters the gas replacement cavity 201, the input gas (such as carbon dioxide) is discharged through the gas discharge opening 206 after the oxygen mixed in the materials is replaced by the gas replacement device 2, so that the amount of oxygen mixed in the materials output to the gasification furnace by the gas replacement device 2 is greatly reduced, the generation of dioxin during gasification reaction of the gasification furnace is greatly reduced, and the environment is better protected.
Example 2
This example provides another anaerobic feeder which is substantially the same as example 1, and only the differences will be described below.
As shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the anaerobic feeder further includes a gas guiding device 3, the gas guiding device 3 includes an exhaust pipe 301, a gas guiding pipe 302, a dust baffle 303 and a plurality of gas filters 304, the exhaust pipe 301 is communicated with the gas replacement chamber 201 through a gas outlet 206, the lower end of the gas guiding pipe 302 is located in the gas replacement chamber 201, the upper end of the gas guiding pipe 302 is located inside the exhaust pipe 301, the dust baffle 303 is disposed inside the exhaust pipe 301 with a gap between the dust baffle 303 and the pipe wall of the exhaust pipe 301, and the dust baffle 303 is located above the gas guiding pipe 302, a plurality of gas filters 304 are disposed at the end of the exhaust pipe 301, and the gas inside the exhaust pipe 301 is filtered by the gas filters 304 and then discharged. This facilitates the evacuation of displaced gas from the gas displacement device 2.
In the present embodiment, the gas guiding device 3 is an exhaust system of the gas replacing device 2, and is used for exhausting air mixed in the material in the gas replacing device 2 and the gas with the replacing function out of the gas replacing device 2, and enabling the gas replacing device 2 to have stable pressure.
The gas guiding-out device 3 has the following guiding-out process: the lower port 3021 of the gas guide tube collects the positive pressure gas, the gas guide tube 302 guides the gas upwards, the gas is venturi when passing through the gap between the gas guide tube 302 and the dust baffle 303, so after encountering the dust baffle 303, the gas continues to conduct upwards along with the gap between the dust baffle 303 and the wall of the exhaust pipe 301, and the dust falls into the gap between the gas guide tube 302 and the exhaust pipe 301 along with the blocking and guiding of the dust baffle 303, and finally falls back onto the ventilation upper sliding plate 202. The continuing upward flow eventually passes through the gas filter 304 and eventually vents to atmosphere.
Preferably, the gas guide tube 302 is disposed perpendicular to the top wall of the gas displacement device 2, which minimizes the impact on the ventilation stability of the material in the gas displacement device 2 when the gas is flowing out, while minimizing the dust content of the discharged gas.
More preferably, the lower end of the gas guiding tube 302 is tapered, and the sidewall of the lower end of the gas guiding tube 302 is inclined outwardly at an angle of 30-60 °, and the diameter of the lower port 3021 of the gas guiding tube is 1.5-6 times the tube diameter of the upper end of the gas guiding tube 302. Thus, the smoothness of the gas discharge can be ensured, and the smoothness of the dust falling can also be ensured. In this embodiment, the height of the lower port 3021 of the gas guiding tube at the opposite position must not be lower than the height of the feed port of the gas replacement device 2, so as to avoid interference with the flow of the whole ventilation gas and avoid excessive dust carried away by the external exhaust body.
In addition, the diameter of the dust baffle 303 is slightly larger than the diameter of the gas guide pipe 302, so that the sedimentation rate of dust is ensured. Meanwhile, the material of the gas filter 304 may be, but not limited to, ceramic or metal, and the plug of the gas filter 304 is combustible, so that the gas filter 304 can be reused after being simply treated at high temperature and back-blown when being replaced.
In this embodiment, the number of gas filters 304 is multiple, which reduces the chance of clogging the pores of the gas filters 304 with gas and does not affect the use of the anaerobic feeder during one or more replacement periods of the gas filters 304.
Example 3
This example provides another anaerobic feeder which is substantially the same as example 1, and only the differences will be described below.
As shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the feeding device 1 includes a first screw feeding device 101 and a second screw feeding device 102, a discharge port of the first screw feeding device 101 is connected to a feed port of the second screw feeding device 102, and a discharge port of the second screw feeding device 102 is connected to a feed port of the gas replacement device 2.
In this embodiment, first, the first screw feeder 101 performs a first extrusion of the material to the second screw feeder 102, and air mixed in the material is removed from a part due to the first extrusion; secondly, the second screw feeding device 102 carries out the second extrusion conveying to the gas replacement device 2 to the material, and the second screw feeding device 102 not only carries out the second extrusion conveying to the material, but also isolates the first screw feeding device 101 and the gas replacement device 2, so that the first screw feeding device 101 and the gas replacement device 2 respectively form two semi-closed bodies, the discharge amount of air mixed in the material extrusion conveying process is further improved, and the whole conveying process of the material is smoother.
In the present embodiment, the second screw feeding device 102 includes a second housing 1021, and a second motor 1022 and a second screw 1023 provided inside the second housing 1021. Wherein the second motor 1022 drives the second screw 1023 to perform extrusion conveying again on the material.
Preferably, the length of the second screw 1023 is in the range of 1/3-1-1/5 of the sum of the diameters of the first screw feeding device 101 and the 5/6 gas displacement device 2. This maximizes the extrusion and insulation effect of the second screw feeder 102.
In a preferred embodiment, the first screw feeder 101 includes a first housing 1011, a first motor 1012, a first speed reducer 1013, and a first screw blade 1014, and the first screw blade 1014 is disposed inside the first housing 1011. Specifically, an output shaft of the first motor 1012 is connected to an input shaft of the first speed reducer 1013, and an output shaft of the first speed reducer 1013 is connected to the first helical blade 1014. This allows the first screw feeder 101 to perform a first extrusion pass of material, greatly improving the first screw feeder 101 transfer and extrusion efficiency.
Preferably, the rotation speed of the output shaft of the first speed reducer 1013 is 8-30rpm, and the diameter of the feed inlet of the first screw feeding device 101 is 6-15 times the diameter of the discharge outlet of the first screw feeding device 101, which greatly reduces the feeding load of the first screw feeding device 101, greatly reduces the probability of damaging the first motor 1012 or deforming the first screw blade 1014, also maximizes the replacement efficiency of the gas replacement device 2, and greatly reduces the overall operation cost.
While the invention has been described in detail in the foregoing general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and improvements can be made thereto. Accordingly, such modifications or improvements may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention and are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (8)
1. An anaerobic feeder for delivering material to a gasifier, characterized in that the anaerobic feeder comprises a feeding device (1) and a gas displacement device (2), wherein a discharge port of the feeding device (1) is connected to a feed port of the gas displacement device (2), and the material is output by the feeding device (1) into the gas displacement device (2) and output by a discharge port (207) of the gas displacement device to the gasifier;
the gas replacement device (2) is internally hollow to form a gas replacement cavity (201), and the gas replacement device (2) comprises a ventilation upper sliding plate (202), a ventilation lower sliding plate (203), a high-pressure protective gas blowing opening (205) and a gas discharge opening (206);
the air exchange upper sliding plate (202) and the air exchange lower sliding plate (203) which are hollow in the inside penetrate through the side wall of the air exchange device (2) and incline downwards to penetrate into the air exchange cavity (201), the air exchange upper sliding plate (202) is positioned above the air exchange lower sliding plate (203) and is arranged opposite to the air exchange lower sliding plate (203), sliding plate protection gas blowing openings (204) are respectively arranged on the upper sides of the air exchange upper sliding plate (202) and the air exchange lower sliding plate (203) which are positioned in the air exchange device (2), and gas enters the air exchange upper sliding plate (202) and the air exchange lower sliding plate (203) through gas input openings of the air exchange upper sliding plate and the air exchange lower sliding plate (203) and enters the air exchange cavity (201) after being sprayed out through the sliding plate protection gas blowing openings (204);
the high-pressure shielding gas blowing opening (205) is arranged on the side wall of the gas replacement device (2) opposite to the upper ventilation sliding plate (202) and is positioned above the upper ventilation sliding plate (202), and the gas blown into the gas replacement cavity (201) by the high-pressure shielding gas blowing opening (205) is blown to the upper ventilation sliding plate (202);
the gas discharge port (206) is provided in the top wall of the gas replacement device (2), and the gas in the gas replacement chamber (201) is discharged through the gas discharge port (206);
the high-pressure shielding gas blowing opening (205) is positioned at the lower side of the lower edge of the feeding hole of the gas replacement device (2) or is flush with the lower edge, and the pressure of the gas blown by the high-pressure shielding gas blowing opening (205) is 0.3-2MPa;
the feeding device (1) comprises a first spiral feeding device (101) and a second spiral feeding device (102), wherein a discharge hole of the first spiral feeding device (101) is connected to a feed hole of the second spiral feeding device (102), a discharge hole of the second spiral feeding device (102) is connected to a feed hole of the gas replacement device (2), the first spiral feeding device (101) performs first extrusion conveying on materials to the second spiral feeding device (102), and the second spiral feeding device (102) performs second extrusion conveying on the materials to the gas replacement device (2).
2. An anaerobic feeder according to claim 1, characterised in that the distance of the upper gas-exchange slide (202) from the top wall of the gas-displacement device (2) is 1/5-1/3 of the length of the side wall of the gas-displacement device (2), and that the angle of inclination of the upper gas-exchange slide (202) from the radial direction of the gas-displacement device (2) is 10-25 °.
3. An anaerobic feeder according to claim 2, wherein the inclination angle of the lower ventilation slide (203) with respect to the radial direction of the gas replacement device (2) is 10-25 °, and the upper end of the lower ventilation slide (203) is at the same level as the lower end of the upper ventilation slide (202), and the sum of the volumes of gas blown in by the high pressure shielding gas mouthpiece (205) and gas blown out by the slide shielding gas mouthpiece (204) per unit time is 5-15 times the volume of material fed into the gas replacement device (2) per unit time.
4. An anaerobic feeder according to claim 3, wherein said upper ventilation slide plate (202) and said lower ventilation slide plate (203) are each uniformly provided with a plurality of slide plate shielding gas blowing openings (204), and the overlapping volume of gas ejected from adjacent slide plate shielding gas blowing openings (204) is 5% -15% of the volume of gas ejected from a single slide plate shielding gas blowing opening (204), and the gas pressure input from the gas input ports of said upper ventilation slide plate (202) and said lower ventilation slide plate (203) is 0.1-8MPa.
5. An oxygen-insulated feeder according to claim 4, characterized in that the oxygen-insulated feeder further comprises a gas guiding device (3), the gas guiding device (3) comprises an exhaust pipe (301), a gas guiding pipe (302), a dust baffle (303) and a plurality of gas filters (304), the exhaust pipe (301) is communicated with the gas replacement cavity (201) through the gas outlet (206), the lower end of the gas guiding pipe (302) is located in the gas replacement cavity (201), the upper end of the gas guiding pipe is located on the inner side of the exhaust pipe (301), the dust baffle (303) is arranged in the exhaust pipe (301) and has a gap with the pipe wall of the exhaust pipe (301), the dust baffle (303) is located above the gas guiding pipe (302), a plurality of gas filters (304) are arranged at the end of the exhaust pipe (301), and the gas in the exhaust pipe (301) is discharged after being filtered by the gas filters (304).
6. An anaerobic feeder according to claim 5, wherein said gas guiding tube (302) is arranged perpendicular to the top wall of said gas displacement device (2).
7. An anaerobic feeder according to claim 6, wherein the lower end of said gas guiding tube (302) is tapered, and the side wall of the lower end of said gas guiding tube (302) is inclined outwardly at an angle of 30-60 °, and the diameter of the lower port (3021) of said gas guiding tube is 1.5-6 times the diameter of the tube at the upper end of said gas guiding tube (302).
8. The anaerobic feeder according to claim 1, wherein said first screw feeder (101) comprises a first housing (1011), a first motor (1012), a first speed reducer (1013) and a first screw blade (1014), said first screw blade (1014) is provided inside said first housing (1011), an output shaft of said first motor (1012) is connected to an input shaft of said first speed reducer (1013), an output shaft of said first speed reducer (1013) is connected to said first screw blade (1014), a rotational speed of an output shaft of said first speed reducer (1013) is 8-30rpm, and a diameter of a feed port of said first screw feeder (101) is 6-15 times a diameter of a discharge port of said first screw feeder (101).
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| CN201810322455.3A CN108329951B (en) | 2018-04-11 | 2018-04-11 | Anaerobic feeder |
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| CN201810322455.3A CN108329951B (en) | 2018-04-11 | 2018-04-11 | Anaerobic feeder |
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| CN108329951B true CN108329951B (en) | 2023-10-03 |
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