CN108279037B - A kind of layout method of subway track structure real-time monitoring system - Google Patents
A kind of layout method of subway track structure real-time monitoring system Download PDFInfo
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- CN108279037B CN108279037B CN201711458164.9A CN201711458164A CN108279037B CN 108279037 B CN108279037 B CN 108279037B CN 201711458164 A CN201711458164 A CN 201711458164A CN 108279037 B CN108279037 B CN 108279037B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
- G01K11/32—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/24—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet
- G01L1/242—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet the material being an optical fibre
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Abstract
本发明公开一种地铁轨道结构实时监测系统的布置方法，所述方法步骤包括：S1、利用有限元软件获取监测系统的监测内容和监测位置；S2、根据S1得到的监测内容和监测位置，选取光栅光纤传感器类型；S3、对S2选取的光纤光栅传感器进行安装布置。本发明规范了地铁轨道系统中光纤光栅传感器的安装布置方法，起到了节省传感器安装时间，保证了传感器安装质量和稳定性的作用，提高了传感器采集数据的可靠性，为地铁轨道系统在非天窗期监测提供安全可靠的支持，也为列车的安全、平稳运行提供了可靠保障。
The invention discloses a method for arranging a real-time monitoring system for a subway track structure. The method steps include: S1, using finite element software to obtain the monitoring content and monitoring position of the monitoring system; S2, selecting the monitoring content and monitoring position according to the monitoring content and monitoring position obtained in S1 Type of grating fiber grating sensor; S3, install and arrange the fiber grating sensor selected by S2. The invention regulates the installation and arrangement method of the fiber grating sensor in the subway track system, saves the installation time of the sensor, ensures the installation quality and stability of the sensor, improves the reliability of the data collected by the sensor, and provides the subway track system in the non-skylight system. Period monitoring provides safe and reliable support, and also provides a reliable guarantee for the safe and smooth operation of the train.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of subway rail system monitoring. And more particularly, to a method of deploying a real-time monitoring system for a structure of a subway rail.
Background
The subway track structure is the subway vehicle operation basis, and passenger comfort level, security and transportation ability have been decided to the state of track structure. Under the condition of high-density operation of trains and various complex subway track line operation environments, the track structure is used as a foundation for directly bearing the load action of the trains, parts are gradually damaged and deteriorated, and damage is easily caused in key sections such as bridges, tunnel mouths, transition sections, curves and turnouts, so that serious safety accidents are caused, and serious loss is caused. For the subway line, due to the characteristics of high density of transport personnel, short train tracking time and the like, the maintainable time of the subway line is determined to be only in a skylight period at night, the maintenance operation time is short, the operation environment is poor, the diseases are difficult to find in time, the existing diseases are difficult to maintain in time, and therefore effective monitoring on the subway track system is required.
At present, manual detection and dynamic detection of rail inspection vehicles are mostly adopted for monitoring a subway rail system at night in China, the state of the subway rail system is difficult to master in real time, and once a disease appears, the disease is difficult to find in time, so that the driving safety is influenced.
In the aspect of subway rail systems, monitoring based on fiber grating sensors is still in a preliminary practical stage, and no completely formed system appears yet. Especially, the installation and arrangement method of the fiber grating sensor in the subway rail system has no formed standard, so that the conditions of non-uniform method, long installation time, material waste and the like in the installation process of the sensor are caused, the installation quality is uneven, and the collection of correct and effective data information is not facilitated. Therefore, it is necessary to uniformly design and standardize the installation and arrangement method of the fiber grating sensor in the subway rail system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an arrangement method of a real-time monitoring system of a subway track structure, which is used for standardizing the installation and arrangement process of a fiber grating sensor in the subway track system, improving the reliability of data acquisition of the sensor and providing good technical support for monitoring the safe service state of the track system in real time.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method of deploying a real-time monitoring system for a subway rail structure, the method steps comprising:
s1, acquiring monitoring content and monitoring position of the monitoring system by using finite element software;
s2, selecting the type of the grating optical fiber sensor according to the monitoring content and the monitoring position obtained in the step S1;
and S3, mounting and arranging the fiber bragg grating sensor selected in the S2.
Preferably, the step S1 further includes:
s1.1, establishing a finite element model of the subway track system by using finite element analysis software;
s1.2, carrying out statics and dynamics analysis on a finite element model of the subway track system to obtain monitoring contents and monitoring positions,
the monitoring contents comprise atmospheric environment temperature, steel rail temperature, rail plate temperature, steel rail stress, relative displacement of the steel rail and the rail plate and relative displacement of the base plate and the bridge.
Preferably, the arrangement of the fiber grating sensor at the monitoring position of the temperature of the steel rail comprises the following steps: fiber grating temperature sensor and fiber grating stress sensor.
Preferably, the step S2 includes:
s2.1, aiming at stress monitoring, establishing a fiber grating sensor model by using finite element software, testing the fiber grating sensor model, and selecting a fiber grating stress sensor;
s2.2, selecting a fiber bragg grating temperature sensor for temperature monitoring;
and S2.3, selecting a fiber bragg grating displacement sensor for displacement monitoring.
Preferably, the fiber grating stress sensor is a copper or aluminum or other chemical synthesis substrate, and the thickness of the substrate is not more than 1 mm;
the measuring range of the fiber bragg grating temperature sensor is-25-80 ℃, and the measuring precision is 0.1 ℃;
the measuring range of the fiber grating displacement sensor is +/-25 mm, and the measuring precision is 0.1 mm.
Preferably, the step S3 includes:
s3.1, arranging the fiber bragg grating temperature sensor in a track plate, a steel rail and an atmospheric environment;
s3.2, arranging the fiber bragg grating stress sensor on the steel rail;
and S3.3, arranging the fiber bragg grating displacement sensor at the bottom of the steel rail, namely the rail plate, the base plate and the bridge.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention combines the characteristics of complex environment of subway site, carries out finite element and test analysis aiming at the fiber grating sensor, and is more suitable for the subway track system than the selected fiber grating sensor type. According to the monitoring content and the characteristics of the subway environment, the installation and arrangement method of the fiber bragg grating sensors for collecting information such as temperature, stress strain, displacement and the like is researched and designed, on the basis of ensuring the stability and reliability of the data collected by the sensors, the installation process of the sensors is simplified and standardized, the installation and arrangement time is shortened, the method has the characteristics of convenience in construction and time and economic cost saving, and can provide more reliable safety guarantee for the safe and stable operation of subway trains.
Drawings
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 illustrates a flow chart of a method of deploying a real-time monitoring system for a subway rail structure;
FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a fiber grating stress sensor;
FIG. 3 shows a schematic flow diagram of a fiber grating stress-temperature sensor installation;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of an example of a fiber grating stress-temperature sensor installation;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the temperature sensor distribution within the track slab bore;
FIG. 6 shows a schematic diagram of a fiber grating temperature sensor installation procedure for measuring rail plate temperature gradients;
fig. 7 shows a layout of atmospheric temperature measurement points;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing the installation process of the fiber grating displacement sensor for rail-rail plate relative displacement;
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of the installation of the fiber grating displacement sensor for the relative displacement of the steel rail and the rail plate;
fig. 10 shows a schematic installation flow diagram of the fiber grating displacement sensor for the relative displacement of the base plate and the bridge.
In the figure: 1. a protective cover; 2. a surface mount type fiber bragg grating stress sensor; 3. a first fiber grating temperature sensor; 4. a fixing device; 5. a steel rail; 6. positioning an iron wire; 7. a second fiber grating temperature sensor; 8. a track plate; 9. a mortar layer; 10. a base plate; 11. a shutter box fixing rod; 12. fixing a protective cover; 13. a probe type fiber bragg grating temperature sensor; 14. a louver box; 15. a clamping block; 16. a wire rope; 17. provided is a protection device for a fiber bragg grating displacement sensor.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the invention, the invention is further described below with reference to preferred embodiments and the accompanying drawings. Similar parts in the figures are denoted by the same reference numerals. It is to be understood by persons skilled in the art that the following detailed description is illustrative and not restrictive, and is not to be taken as limiting the scope of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for arranging a real-time monitoring system for a subway rail structure. Based on the characteristics of a subway environment, firstly, analyzing a sensitive area on site by using finite element software to obtain monitoring contents and measuring point positions; and designing and standardizing an installation and arrangement method of the fiber bragg grating sensor for monitoring temperature, stress and displacement according to the obtained monitoring content and the measuring point position, wherein the shape, the material, the thickness and the like of the fiber bragg grating stress sensor are analyzed by utilizing a finite element combination test, and the fiber bragg grating stress sensor suitable for the subway rail system is selected. According to different monitoring contents, different fiber bragg grating sensors are respectively used, and the fiber bragg grating temperature sensors are arranged in the atmospheric environment, the track plate and the steel rail when the temperature is monitored; when monitoring the stress, arranging the fiber bragg grating stress sensor on the steel rail; when the displacement is monitored, the fiber bragg grating displacement sensor is arranged on a steel rail-track plate and a bridge-base plate. The sensors arranged on the site collect data into the splice closure through optical cables, demodulate the data through a fiber grating demodulator, and finally transmit the data to the server.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of several different shapes of fiber grating stress sensors. The optical fiber grating technology adopted by the invention is made by utilizing the photosensitivity of the optical fiber, and various optical fiber sensors are manufactured by utilizing the characteristics of the space phase grating in the optical fiber grating core. When the temperature, stress, displacement and the like of the environment where the fiber grating sensor is located change, the period of the grating or the refractive index of the fiber core change, so that the wavelength of the reflected light changes, and the change condition of the physical quantity to be measured can be obtained by measuring the change of the wavelength of the reflected light. The invention utilizes the characteristic of the fiber grating to firstly carry out design, comparison and selection optimization on the fiber grating sensor for measuring the steel rail. A finite element analysis software ABAQUS is utilized to establish fiber grating-steel rail part finite element simulation models with different shapes, thicknesses and materials, and various fiber grating strain gauges are analyzed through combining tests according to the difference between steel rail strain under different conditions and steel rail and substrate strain under a substrate-free state, so that a fiber grating stress sensor more suitable for long-term monitoring of steel rail track parts is selected. Preferably, a substrate made of copper or aluminum or other chemical synthetic materials with lower rigidity is adopted, and the thickness of the substrate is not more than 1 mm.
In order to make the technical solution and the technical effects of the present invention easy to understand, the following describes a specific arrangement method of the fiber grating sensor according to the present invention with reference to the preferred embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
Example one
The embodiment provides an arrangement method of a fiber grating sensor for simultaneously measuring the stress and the temperature of a steel rail. The temperature change of the steel rail can cause the infrastructure to expand with heat and contract with cold, and the steel rail generates larger stress. Therefore, the stress and the temperature of the steel rail need to be closely concerned, the expansion of the steel rail, the breakage of the steel rail and the bending of the steel rail are prevented, and the fiber bragg grating temperature sensor and the fiber bragg grating stress sensor need to be arranged simultaneously when the temperature of the steel rail is monitored. Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating an installation process of the fiber grating stress-temperature sensor on the steel rail. According to the above installation flow, an installation example diagram of the present example shown in fig. 4 is obtained. In the example, the measuring ranges of the temperature sensor are all-25-80 ℃, and the measuring precision is 0.1 ℃. Firstly, determining the position of installation equipment on the rail web of a steel rail 5, and carrying out rust removal treatment on the position of a measuring point; a fixing device 4 is arranged below the polishing position; a protective cover 1 is additionally arranged on the fixing device 4; fixing the surface-mounted fiber grating stress sensor 2 at the rail web of the steel rail 5 in a full-pasting manner by using strain adhesive; welding the optical fiber of the surface mount type fiber grating stress sensor 2 by using an optical fiber welding machine, and winding a plurality of circles of optical fibers in the protective cover 1 after the welding is finished so as to prevent light loss; after the protective cover 1 is covered, steel viscose glue is coated on the screwed screw, so that the protective cover is prevented from falling off due to overlarge vibration of the steel rail; meanwhile, the wiring ports on the two sides of the protective cover 1 are coated with silica gel for waterproof treatment, so that the optical fiber is prevented from frost cracking after being damped in winter; the over-track optical fiber line is wrapped by a rubber tube, connected to a cable box and fixed by a buckle; and finally, welding the introduced sensor optical fiber in the cable box and connecting the sensor optical fiber with the main optical cable. The first fiber grating temperature sensor 3 and the surface mount type fiber grating stress sensor 2 are the same in installation process and are installed in the same protective cover 1, and the temperature and the stress of the steel rail 5 can be monitored simultaneously.
Example two
The present example provides a detailed arrangement of fiber grating sensors for measuring rail plate temperature. The structure of the ballastless track is greatly influenced by the temperature change. When the temperature drops suddenly, the inside of the track slab generates shrinkage stress to crack the concrete, and when the temperature rises, the concrete slab or the adjacent structure is subjected to high pressure and generates deformation such as tilting and the like. Therefore, the temperature gradient of the ballastless track needs to be monitored in real time. In the example, the sensitive area of the subway rail system is analyzed based on the existing research, and the temperature measuring points are respectively positioned in the middle of a rail plate, at the edge of the plate and at the corner of the plate. The monitoring of the temperature gradient of the track slab requires that the fiber grating temperature sensor is embedded into a concrete structure, and the embedding mode generally adopts a mode of firstly drilling and then embedding. In order to measure the temperature of each layer, different numbers of sensors are arranged according to the thickness of each layer to measure the temperature of each layer, as shown in fig. 5, which is a schematic view of the installation flow of the track slab fiber grating temperature sensor. The distribution diagram of the temperature sensors in the track slab holes as shown in fig. 6 is obtained according to the installation process. Firstly, drilling holes on the track plate 8 by using a phi 32 electric drill, ensuring that the holes penetrate through the track plate 8 and the mortar layer 9 and reach the inside of the base plate 10; intercepting a positioning iron wire 6 with the length being the same as the hole depth, and installing and fixing a second fiber bragg grating temperature sensor 7 at a position corresponding to the positioning iron wire 6; then, a second fiber bragg grating temperature sensor 7 on the positioning iron wire 6 is wrapped and placed in the hole; the exposed optical fiber wire of the second optical fiber grating temperature sensor 7 is wound and sealed by glue water; filling the holes with cement of the same material as the track slab 8; and installing a protective cover above the hole, sticking a reflective mark, penetrating all exposed optical fiber lines by using uniform nylon rubber pipes, protecting the rubber pipes of the rail passing part by using external PE pipes, and fixing the pipelines on the track surface and the bridge floor by using expansion bolts.
EXAMPLE III
The present example provides a detailed arrangement method of a fiber grating temperature sensor for measuring ambient temperature. For ambient temperature monitoring, a fiber grating temperature sensor is typically mounted within a louver, as shown in fig. 7. The installation position needs to avoid direct exposure to the sun, in order to guarantee the accuracy of ambient temperature. For this purpose, the louvre box is manufactured according to the national standard, and the probe type fiber bragg grating temperature sensor 13 is installed in a suspension installation mode. After the louvres 14 are fixed at the selected ambient temperature measuring points, a fixed protective cover 12 with an open top is added outside the louvres 14 and is fixed to the ground through the fixed protective cover 12, and the louvres 14 are fixed to the fixed protective cover 12 through louvre fixing rods 11. The probe fiber grating temperature sensor 13 is fixed inside the louver 14.
Example four
The embodiment provides a detailed arrangement method of a fiber grating displacement sensor for measuring relative displacement of a steel rail and a rail plate. When the longitudinal displacement between the steel rail and the rail plate is overlarge, the fastener is loosened, the torque is reduced, the maintenance of the geometric shape and position of the rail is influenced, and further the safety and the stability of the train operation are influenced, so that strict control is required. The displacement sensor is connected with a strain gauge through one end of a steel wire, the strain gauge is fixed on a sensor bracket, and the bracket is arranged on a sleeper; the steel wire is installed on the support fixed together with the rail clip in addition, when relative displacement is produced between the rail and the sleeper, because the rail clip is tightly clamped on the rail, the rail clip can draw the steel wire along with the rail, and the steel wire stress drives the strain gauge to produce deformation and drives the grating stress to produce deformation. Fig. 8 is a schematic view of an installation process of the fiber grating displacement sensor for rail-rail plate relative displacement. Fig. 9 is a diagram showing an example of installation of the fiber grating displacement sensor for relative displacement between the rail and the rail plate. Firstly, a steel rail clamping block 15 is also arranged at the bottom of the steel rail on which the steel rail displacement sensor needs to be arranged; welding the fiber bragg grating displacement sensor with a transmission optical cable before fixing the fiber bragg grating displacement sensor, and selecting a specific position of the fiber bragg grating displacement sensor under 5 rails of the steel rail; then marking a punching position on the track plate 8, punching, and fixing the fiber bragg grating displacement sensor; then setting the length of the steel wire rope 16 and fixing the steel wire rope to enable the steel wire rope to meet the displacement measuring range of the sensor, and additionally installing a fiber bragg grating displacement sensor protection device 17 on the fiber bragg grating displacement sensor; the optical fiber line of transmission is wrapped up with the rubber tube, walks the cable box, fixes with the buckle along the way, welds the sensor optic fibre of introducing at last in the cable box to be connected with the main optical cable. The measuring range of the fiber grating displacement sensor adopted in the embodiment is +/-25 mm, and the measuring precision is 0.1 mm. Since the stations are located on the overpass in this example, it is also necessary to monitor the relative displacement between the bridge and the bed plate. Fig. 10 shows the installation process of the fiber grating displacement sensor for the relative displacement between the base plate and the bridge. The installation process is similar to that of a fiber grating displacement sensor for relative displacement of a steel rail-track plate, and the difference is the difference of the punching positions. When the relative displacement of the base plate and the bridge is measured, holes are respectively drilled at proper positions of the beam surface and the base plate of the bridge.
The technical scheme of the invention monitors the subway track in real time, realizes the real-time data acquisition of the temperature, the stress, the track plate temperature, the environment temperature, the relative displacement of the steel rail-track plate and the relative displacement of the base plate-bridge in the subway track system based on the fiber bragg grating technology, and describes the steps and the rules for installing the sensors of each part in detail. Meanwhile, ABAQUS modeling and laboratory test analysis are utilized, the fiber bragg grating strain sensor on the steel rail is optimized in various aspects such as different shapes, thicknesses, substrate materials, installation modes and the like, and the type of the fiber bragg grating strain sensor suitable for long-term real-time online monitoring of a subway rail system is determined. The invention solves the problem of sensor installation in real-time service state monitoring of a subway rail system by utilizing the fiber bragg grating sensor which has the advantages of high measurement precision, light weight, small volume, complex environment resistance, zero drift prevention and the like. The speed of on-site installation is accelerated, and the stability and the accuracy of sensor data acquisition are ensured. The method provides safe and reliable guarantee for the operation of the subway train and has good application prospect.
It should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention are only examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention, and it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that other variations or modifications may be made on the basis of the above description, and all embodiments may not be exhaustive, and all obvious variations or modifications may be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A method of deploying a real-time monitoring system for a subway rail structure, the method comprising the steps of:
s1, acquiring the monitoring content and the monitoring position of the monitoring system by using finite element software, wherein
S1.1, establishing a finite element model of the subway track system by using finite element analysis software;
s1.2, carrying out statics and dynamics analysis on a finite element model of the subway track system to obtain monitoring contents and monitoring positions,
the monitoring contents comprise atmospheric environment temperature, steel rail temperature, rail plate temperature, steel rail stress, relative displacement of the steel rail and the rail plate and relative displacement of the base plate and the bridge;
s2, selecting the type of the grating optical fiber sensor according to the monitoring content and the monitoring position obtained in the step S1;
s3, the installation and arrangement of the fiber grating sensor selected in the S2 comprise:
s3.1, arranging the fiber bragg grating temperature sensor in a track plate, a steel rail and an atmospheric environment;
s3.2, arranging the fiber bragg grating stress sensor on the steel rail;
s3.3, arranging the fiber bragg grating displacement sensor on a steel rail bottom-rail plate, a base plate-bridge;
the arrangement method of the fiber grating sensor for measuring the steel rail stress and the steel rail temperature comprises the following steps: firstly, determining the position of installation equipment on the rail web of the steel rail, and carrying out rust removal treatment on the position of a measuring point; a fixing device is arranged below the polishing position; a protective cover is additionally arranged on the fixing device; fixing the surface-mounted fiber grating stress sensor at the rail web of the steel rail in a full-pasting manner by using strain adhesive; welding the optical fiber of the surface mount type fiber grating stress sensor by using an optical fiber welding machine, and winding a plurality of circles of optical fibers in the protective cover after the welding is finished so as to prevent light loss; after the protective cover is covered, steel viscose glue is coated on the screwed screw, so that the protective cover is prevented from falling off due to overlarge vibration of the steel rail; meanwhile, the wiring ports on the two sides of the protective cover are coated with silica gel for waterproof treatment, so that the optical fiber is prevented from frost cracking after being damped in winter; the over-track optical fiber line is wrapped by a rubber tube, connected to a cable box and fixed by a buckle; finally, the introduced sensor optical fiber is welded in the cable box and is connected with the main optical cable; the first fiber bragg grating temperature sensor and the surface-mounted fiber bragg grating stress sensor are the same in installation process and are installed in the same protective cover, so that the temperature and the stress of the steel rail can be monitored simultaneously;
the arrangement method of the fiber grating sensor for measuring the temperature of the track plate comprises the following steps: firstly, drilling a hole on a track plate by using an electric drill, ensuring that the hole penetrates through the track plate and a mortar layer and reaches the inside of a base plate; intercepting a positioning iron wire with the length being the same as the hole depth, installing and fixing a second fiber bragg grating temperature sensor at a position corresponding to the positioning iron wire, and then placing the second fiber bragg grating temperature sensor on the positioning iron wire into the hole after the second fiber bragg grating temperature sensor on the positioning iron wire is wrapped; the exposed optical fiber wire coil of the second optical fiber grating temperature sensor is well sealed and adhered by glue water; filling the holes with cement of the same material as the track slab; installing a protective cover above the hole, sticking a reflective mark, penetrating all exposed optical fiber lines by using uniform nylon rubber pipes, protecting the rubber pipes of the rail passing part by using external PE pipes, and fixing the pipelines on a track surface and a bridge floor by using expansion bolts;
the arrangement method of the fiber grating temperature sensor for measuring the ambient temperature comprises the following steps: manufacturing a louver box according to the national standard, and mounting a probe type fiber bragg grating temperature sensor in a suspension mounting mode; after the louver box is fixed at a selected environment temperature measuring point, a fixed protective cover with an open top is added outside the louver box and is fixed to the ground through the fixed protective cover, and the louver box is fixed to the fixed protective cover through a louver box fixing rod; fixing a probe type fiber bragg grating temperature sensor inside the louver box;
the arrangement of the fiber bragg grating displacement sensor for measuring the relative displacement of the steel rail track plate is as follows: firstly, a steel rail clamping block is also arranged at the bottom of a steel rail needing to be provided with a steel rail displacement sensor; welding the fiber bragg grating displacement sensor with a transmission optical cable before fixing the fiber bragg grating displacement sensor, and selecting a specific position of the fiber bragg grating displacement sensor below a steel rail; then marking a punching position on the track plate, punching, and fixing the fiber bragg grating displacement sensor; then setting the length of the steel wire rope and fixing the steel wire rope to enable the steel wire rope to meet the displacement measuring range of the sensor, and additionally installing a fiber bragg grating displacement sensor protection device on the fiber bragg grating displacement sensor; wrapping the transmitted optical fiber line by using a rubber tube, routing the optical fiber line to a cable box, fixing the optical fiber line by using a buckle along the way, and finally welding the introduced sensor optical fiber in the cable box and connecting the sensor optical fiber with a main optical cable;
the installation process of the fiber bragg grating displacement sensor for the relative displacement between the base plate and the bridge is different from the installation process of the fiber bragg grating displacement sensor for the relative displacement between the steel rail and the track plate in the punching position; when the relative displacement of the base plate and the bridge is measured, holes are respectively drilled at proper positions of the beam surface and the base plate of the bridge.
2. The arrangement method of the real-time monitoring system for the underground railway track structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the arrangement of the fiber grating sensor for the monitoring position of the temperature of the steel rail comprises the following steps: fiber grating temperature sensor and fiber grating stress sensor.
3. A method for arranging a real-time monitoring system for a subway rail structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein said step S2 includes:
s2.1, aiming at stress monitoring, establishing a fiber grating sensor model by using finite element software, testing the fiber grating sensor model, and selecting a fiber grating stress sensor;
s2.2, selecting a fiber bragg grating temperature sensor for temperature monitoring;
and S2.3, selecting a fiber bragg grating displacement sensor for displacement monitoring.
4. A method of arranging a real-time monitoring system for a subway rail structure as claimed in claim 3,
the fiber bragg grating stress sensor is a butterfly sensor with the substrate thickness not greater than 1mm, wherein the substrate is made of copper or aluminum or other chemical synthetic materials;
the optical fiber grating temperature sensor has the selection range of-25-80 ℃ and the measurement precision of 0.1 ℃;
the optical fiber grating displacement sensor has the measuring range of +/-25 mm and the measuring precision of 0.1 mm.
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| CN109291954A (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2019-02-01 | 华东交通大学 | A kind of embedded intelligent rail and preparation method thereof |
| EP3751248A1 (en) * | 2019-06-14 | 2020-12-16 | Thales Management & Services Deutschland GmbH | Rail monitoring element, method for mounting a rail monitoring element and method for producing a rail monitoring element |
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