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CN107779201B - 液晶组合物及液晶显示元件 - Google Patents

液晶组合物及液晶显示元件 Download PDF

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CN107779201B
CN107779201B CN201610755610.1A CN201610755610A CN107779201B CN 107779201 B CN107779201 B CN 107779201B CN 201610755610 A CN201610755610 A CN 201610755610A CN 107779201 B CN107779201 B CN 107779201B
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fluorine
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CN107779201A (zh
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李倩
员国良
张永涛
李正强
贵丽红
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Shijiazhuang Chengzhi Yonghua Display Material Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种液晶组合物,包含有一种或多种式Ⅰ化合物、一种或多种式Ⅱ所示化合物以及一种或多种式Ⅲ所示化合物,

Description

液晶组合物及液晶显示元件
技术领域
本发明涉及液晶显示技术领域,具体涉及一种液晶组合物,以及包含该液晶组合物的液晶显示元件或液晶显示器。
背景技术
在LCD的发展过程中,目前LCD用液晶向着响应速度更快,信赖性更好的方向发展,而液晶混合物的高速响应特性来源于其组分的相应物理参数,如旋转粘度gammal、弹性常数(K)等,高清亮点的单体也有助于混晶的组合搭配。由此可以看到,理想的液晶单体应具有低gammal,高K,适当折射率,高清亮点等特征。
为了实现这一特征,在设计分子时会将烷氧基引入分子结构,通常来讲,会将烷氧基与苯环相连接,以获得高K,低粘度,宽的向列相温度范围等的特征。
比如:
Figure BDA0001098352730000011
本发明,通过液晶混合物搭配这一途径,尽量克服烷氧基近晶的缺点,使之在商业液晶应用中成为可能,将会大幅度提高液晶的显示速度。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种向列相液晶组合物,该组合物包含烷氧基类液晶以及其他液晶组合物,组分中存在烷氧基类液晶化合物。
本发明提供了一种液晶组合物,包含有一种或多种式I所示化合物、一种或多种式II所示化合物以及一种或多种式III所示化合物,
Figure BDA0001098352730000021
其中,
R1、R2各自独立地表示碳原子数为1-10的链烷基、氟取代的碳原子数为1-10的链烷基、碳原子数为2-10的链烯基、氟取代的碳原子数为2-10的链烯基,并且其中任一亚甲基可以被环戊基、环丁基或环丙基替代;
R3、R4各自独立地表示碳原子数为1-10的烷基、氟取代的碳原子数为1-10的烷基、碳原子数为1-10的烷氧基、氟取代的碳原子数为1-10的烷氧基、碳原子数为2-10的链烯基、氟取代的碳原子数为2-10的链烯基、碳原子数为3-8的链烯氧基或氟取代的碳原子数为3-8的链烯氧基,并且双键不与苯环直接相连;
R5表示碳原子数为1-10的烷基、氟取代的碳原子数为1-10的烷基、碳原子数为1-10的烷氧基、氟取代的碳原子数为1-10的烷氧基、碳原子数为2-10的链烯基、氟取代的碳原子数为2-10的链烯基、碳原子数为3-8的链烯氧基或氟取代的碳原子数为3-8的链烯氧基,并且其中任一亚甲基可以被环戊基或环丙基替代;
(F)各自独立地表示H或F;
m表示1、2或3;
n表示1或0;
Q表示F、OCF3、CF3、OCF2H;
P表示甲基或H;
Figure BDA0001098352730000022
各自独立地表示亚环己基、亚环己烯基、亚苯基和/或氟代亚苯基中的一种或两种,并且当
Figure BDA0001098352730000023
都表示亚苯基时,R3、R4不能表示烷氧基;
Figure BDA0001098352730000031
各自独立地表示亚环己基、亚环己烯基、亚苯基和/或氟代亚苯基中的一种或多种;
Figure BDA0001098352730000032
表示亚苯基和/或氟代亚苯基。
本发明所提供的液晶组合物具有较低的粘度,较高的清亮点和弹性常数,可以实现快速响应,同时具有适中的介电各向异性Δε、适中的光学各向异性Δn、高的对热和光的稳定性。包含该液晶组合物的液晶显示元件或液晶显示器具有较宽的向列相温度范围、合适的双折射率各向异性、非常高的电阻率、良好的抗紫外线性能、高电荷保持率以及低蒸汽压等特点。
本发明技术方案的进一步改进在于,所述一种或多种式Ⅰ所示化合物为式Ⅰ1至式Ⅰ21所示化合物中的一种或多种;所述一种或多种式Ⅱ所示化合物为式Ⅱ1-Ⅱ9所示化合物中的一种或多种;所述一种或多种式Ⅲ所示化合物为式Ⅲ1-Ⅲ20所示化合物中的一种或多种
Figure BDA0001098352730000033
Figure BDA0001098352730000041
其中,R31、R41各自独立地表示碳原子数为1-5的直链烷基;
Figure BDA0001098352730000051
Figure BDA0001098352730000061
Figure BDA0001098352730000071
其中,R51各自独立地表示碳原子数为1-5的直链烷基。
本发明所提供的液晶组合物还可以包含一种或多种式Ⅳ所示化合物
Figure BDA0001098352730000072
其中,R6、R7各自独立地表示碳原子数为1-10的烷基、氟取代的碳原子数为1-10的烷基、碳原子数为1-10的烷氧基、氟取代的碳原子数为1-10的烷氧基、碳原子数为2-10的链烯基、氟取代的碳原子数为2-10的链烯基、碳原子数为3-8的链烯氧基或氟取代的碳原子数为3-8的链烯氧基,并且双键不与苯环直接相连,其中任一亚甲基可以被环戊基或者环丙基取代;
O表示0、1或2;
Figure BDA0001098352730000073
表示亚环己基、亚环己烯基、亚苯基和/或氟代亚苯基中的一种或多种。
一种或多种式Ⅵ所示化合物优选为以下式Ⅳ1-Ⅳ12所示化合物中的一种或多种,
Figure BDA0001098352730000074
Figure BDA0001098352730000081
其中,R61、R71各自独立地表示碳原子数为1-10的烷基、碳原子数为1-10的烷氧基、碳原子数为2-10的链烯基、碳原子数为3-8的链烯氧基,并且其中任一亚甲基可以被环戊基或环丙基替代。
本发明所提供的液晶组合物还可以包含一种或多种有式Ⅴ所示化合物,
Figure BDA0001098352730000082
其中,R8表示碳原子数为1-10的烷基、氟取代的碳原子数为1-10的烷基、碳原子数为1-10的烷氧基、氟取代的碳原子数为1-10的烷氧基、碳原子数为2-10的链烯基、氟取代的碳原子数为2-10的链烯基、碳原子数为3-8的链烯氧基或氟取代的碳原子数为3-8的链烯氧基,并且其中任一亚甲基可以被环戊基或环丙基替代;
p、q各自独立地表示0、1或2;
Z表示单键、-COO-、-CH2O-或CH2CH2-;
U表示F或-OCF3
Figure BDA0001098352730000091
各自独立地表示亚环己基、亚环己烯基、亚苯基和/或氟代亚苯基中的一种或多种。
一种或多种式Ⅴ所示化合物优选为以下式Ⅴ1-Ⅴ15所示化合物中的一种或多种,
Figure BDA0001098352730000092
Figure BDA0001098352730000101
Figure BDA0001098352730000111
其中,R81各自独立地表示碳原子数为1-5的直链烷基;
(F)各自独立地表示H或F。
本发明所提供的液晶组合物还可以包含一种或多种式Ⅵ所示化合物
Figure BDA0001098352730000112
其中,R9、R10各自独立地表示碳原子数为1-10的烷基、氟取代的碳原子数为1-10的烷基、碳原子数为1-10的烷氧基、氟取代的碳原子数为1-10的烷氧基、碳原子数为2-10的链烯基、氟取代的碳原子数为2-10的链烯基、碳原子数为3-8的链烯氧基或氟取代的碳原子数为3-8的链烯氧基,并且其中任一亚甲基可以被环戊基或环丙基替代;
s表示1或2;
t表示0、1或2;
Z1、Z2各自独立地表示单键、-COO-、-CH2O-或CH2CH2-;
Figure BDA0001098352730000113
各自独立的表示亚环己基、亚环己烯基、亚苯基和/或氟代亚苯基。
一种或多种式Ⅵ所示化合物优选为式Ⅵ1-Ⅵ14所示化合物中的一种或多种,
Figure BDA0001098352730000114
Figure BDA0001098352730000121
其中,R91、R101各自独立地表示碳原子数为1-10的烷基、氟取代的碳原子数为1-10的烷基、碳原子数为1-10的烷氧基、氟取代的碳原子数为1-10的烷氧基、碳原子数为2-10的链烯基、氟取代的碳原子数为2-10的链烯基、碳原子数为3-8的链烯氧基或氟取代的碳原子数为3-8的链烯氧基。
本发明还涉及包含上述任意一种液晶组合物的液晶显示元件或液晶显示器;所述显示元件或显示器为有源矩阵显示元件或显示器或无源矩阵显示元件或显示器。
所述液晶显示元件或液晶显示器优选有源矩阵寻址液晶显示元件或液晶显示器。
所述有源矩阵显示元件或显示器具体为TN-TFT或IPS-TFT液晶显示元件或显示器。
由于采用了上述技术方案,本发明取得的技术进步在于:
本发明所提供的液晶组合物具有较低的粘度,较高的清亮点和弹性常数,可以实现快速响应,同时具有适中的介电各向异性Δε、适中的光学各向异性Δn、高的对热和光的稳定性。包含本发明所提供的液晶组合物的液晶材料,不但具有良好的化学和热稳定性以及对电场和电磁辐射的稳定性。而且,作为薄膜晶体管技术(TFT-LCD)用液晶材料,还具有较宽的向列相温度范围、合适的双折射率各向异性、非常高的电阻率、良好的抗紫外线性能、高电荷保持率以及低蒸汽压等性能。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步阐述,但本发明并不限于以下实施例。
所述方法如无特别说明均为常规方法。
所述原料如无特别说明均能从公开商业途径而得。
所述百分比如无特别说明,均为质量百分比。
温度为摄氏度(℃),其他符号的具体意义及测试条件如下:
Cp表示液晶清亮点(℃),DSC定量法测试;
S-N表示液晶的晶态到向列相的熔点(℃);
Δn表示光学各向异性,no为寻常光的折射率,ne为非寻常光的折射率,测试条件为25±2℃,589nm,阿贝折射仪测试;
Δε表示介电各向异性,Δε=ε∥-ε⊥,其中,ε∥为平行于分子轴的介电常数,ε⊥为垂直于分子轴的介电常数,测试条件为25±0.5℃,20微米平行盒,INSTEC:ALCT-IR1测试;
γ1表示旋转粘度(mPa·s),测试条件为25±0.5℃,20微米平行盒,INSTEC:ALCT-IR1测试;
ρ表示电阻率(Ω·cm),测试条件为25±2℃,测试仪器为TOYO SR6517高阻仪和LE-21液体电极。
VHR表示电压保持率(%),测试条件为20±2℃、电压为±5V、脉冲宽度为10ms、电压保持时间16.7ms。测试设备为TOYO Model6254液晶性能综合测试仪。
τ表示响应时间(ms),的测试仪器为DMS-501,测试条件为25±0.5℃,测试盒为3.3微米IPS测试盒,电极间距和电极宽度均为10微米,摩擦方向与电极夹角为10°。
T(%)表示透过率,T(%)=100%*亮态(Vop)亮度/光源亮度,测试设备DMS501,测试条件为25±0.5℃,测试盒为3.3微米IPS测试盒,电极间距和电极宽度均为10微米,摩擦方向与电极夹角为10°
本发明申请实施例液晶单体结构用代码表示,液晶环结构、端基、连接基团的代码表示方法见下表(一)、表(二)
表(一):环结构的对应代码
Figure BDA0001098352730000141
Figure BDA0001098352730000151
表(二):端基与链接基团的对应代码
Figure BDA0001098352730000152
Figure BDA0001098352730000161
举例:
Figure BDA0001098352730000162
C(5)CCV1
Figure BDA0001098352730000163
3B B(3F)B(3F,5F)CF2OB(3F,4F,5F)
实施例1:
Figure BDA0001098352730000164
Figure BDA0001098352730000171
实施例2:
Figure BDA0001098352730000172
实施例3:
Figure BDA0001098352730000173
Figure BDA0001098352730000181
实施例4:
Figure BDA0001098352730000182
Figure BDA0001098352730000191
实施例5:
Figure BDA0001098352730000192
实施例6:
Figure BDA0001098352730000193
Figure BDA0001098352730000201
对比例1:
Figure BDA0001098352730000202
Figure BDA0001098352730000211
对比例1中,相较于实施例1,将I组分-5BBO2替换为5BB1,Cp明显下降,K11由实施例1中24.8降低为对比例1中的14.9,折射率、旋转粘度几乎不变,响应速度变差,液晶相温度范围变窄。
由此可见,5BBO2较5BB1能够明显提高响应速度,扩宽液晶器件使用温度范围。

Claims (9)

1.一种液晶组合物,其特征在于,包含有一种或多种式I3、I4、I9、I13所示化合物、一种或多种式Ⅱ所示化合物以及一种或多种式Ⅲ2、Ⅲ4至Ⅲ6、Ⅲ13、Ⅲ15、Ⅲ16所示化合物,
Figure FDA0002875587520000011
Figure FDA0002875587520000021
其中,
R3、R4各自独立地表示碳原子数为1-10的烷基、氟取代的碳原子数为1-10的烷基、碳原子数为1-10的烷氧基、氟取代的碳原子数为1-10的烷氧基、碳原子数为2-10的链烯基、氟取代的碳原子数为2-10的链烯基、碳原子数为3-8的链烯氧基或氟取代的碳原子数为3-8的链烯氧基,并且双键不与苯环直接相连;
(F)各自独立地表示H或F;
R51各自独立地表示碳原子数为1-5的直链烷基;
Figure FDA0002875587520000022
各自独立地表示亚环己基、亚环己烯基、亚苯基和/或氟代亚苯基中的一种或两种,并且当
Figure FDA0002875587520000023
都表示亚苯基时,R3、R4不能表示烷氧基。
2.根据权利要求1的液晶组合物,其特征在于,所述一种或多种式Ⅱ所示化合物为式Ⅱ1-Ⅱ9所示化合物中的一种或多种
Figure FDA0002875587520000024
Figure FDA0002875587520000031
其中,R31、R41各自独立地表示碳原子数为1-5的直链烷基。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的液晶组合物,其特征在于,所述液晶组合物还包含一种或多种式Ⅳ所示化合物
Figure FDA0002875587520000032
其中,
R6、R7各自独立地表示碳原子数为1-10的烷基、氟取代的碳原子数为1-10的烷基、碳原子数为1-10的烷氧基、氟取代的碳原子数为1-10的烷氧基、碳原子数为2-10的链烯基、氟取代的碳原子数为2-10的链烯基、碳原子数为3-8的链烯氧基或氟取代的碳原子数为3-8的链烯氧基,并且双键不与苯环直接相连,其中任一亚甲基可以被环戊基或者环丙基取代;
O表示0、1或2;
Figure FDA0002875587520000033
表示亚环己基、亚环己烯基、亚苯基和/或氟代亚苯基中的一种或多种。
4.根据权利要求3所述的液晶组合物,其特征在于,所述一种或多种式Ⅳ所示化合物为以下式Ⅳ1-Ⅳ12所示化合物中的一种或多种,
Figure FDA0002875587520000034
Figure FDA0002875587520000041
其中,R61、R71各自独立地表示碳原子数为1-10的烷基、碳原子数为1-10的烷氧基、碳原子数为2-10的链烯基、碳原子数为3-8的链烯氧基,并且其中任一亚甲基可以被环戊基或环丙基替代。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的液晶组合物,其特征在于,所述液晶组合物还包含一种或多种有式Ⅴ所示化合物,
Figure FDA0002875587520000051
其中,R8表示碳原子数为1-10的烷基、氟取代的碳原子数为1-10的烷基、碳原子数为1-10的烷氧基、氟取代的碳原子数为1-10的烷氧基、碳原子数为2-10的链烯基、氟取代的碳原子数为2-10的链烯基、碳原子数为3-8的链烯氧基或氟取代的碳原子数为3-8的链烯氧基,并且其中任一亚甲基可以被环戊基或环丙基替代;
p、q各自独立地表示0、1或2;
Z表示单键、-COO-、-CH2O-或CH2CH2-;
U表示F或-OCF3
Figure FDA0002875587520000052
各自独立地表示亚环己基、亚环己烯基、亚苯基和/或氟代亚苯基中的一种或多种。
6.根据权利要求5所述的液晶组合物,其特征在于,所述一种或多种式Ⅴ所示化合物为以下式Ⅴ1-Ⅴ15所示化合物中的一种或多种,
Figure FDA0002875587520000053
Figure FDA0002875587520000061
Figure FDA0002875587520000071
其中,R81各自独立地表示碳原子数为1-5的直链烷基;
(F)各自独立地表示H或F。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的液晶组合物,其特征在于,所述液晶组合物还包含一种或多种式Ⅵ所示化合物
Figure FDA0002875587520000072
其中,R9、R10各自独立地表示碳原子数为1-10的烷基、氟取代的碳原子数为1-10的烷基、碳原子数为1-10的烷氧基、氟取代的碳原子数为1-10的烷氧基、碳原子数为2-10的链烯基、氟取代的碳原子数为2-10的链烯基、碳原子数为3-8的链烯氧基或氟取代的碳原子数为3-8的链烯氧基,并且其中任一亚甲基可以被环戊基或环丙基替代;
s表示1或2;
t表示0、1或2;
Z1、Z2各自独立地表示单键、-COO-、-CH2O-或CH2CH2-;
Figure FDA0002875587520000081
各自独立的表示亚环己基、亚环己烯基、亚苯基和/或氟代亚苯基。
8.根据权利要求7所述的液晶组合物,其特征在于,所述一种或多种式Ⅵ所示化合物为式Ⅵ1-Ⅵ14所示化合物中的一种或多种,
Figure FDA0002875587520000082
Figure FDA0002875587520000091
其中,R91、R101各自独立地表示碳原子数为1-10的烷基、氟取代的碳原子数为1-10的烷基、碳原子数为1-10的烷氧基、氟取代的碳原子数为1-10的烷氧基、碳原子数为2-10的链烯基、氟取代的碳原子数为2-10的链烯基、碳原子数为3-8的链烯氧基或氟取代的碳原子数为3-8的链烯氧基。
9.一种液晶显示元件或液晶显示器,其特征在于,包含权利要求1-8中任一所述液晶组合物,所述显示元件或显示器为有源矩阵显示元件或显示器或无源矩阵显示元件或显示器。
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