CN107060741A - A kind of phased dual crossing dipole logging method - Google Patents
A kind of phased dual crossing dipole logging method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107060741A CN107060741A CN201611104918.6A CN201611104918A CN107060741A CN 107060741 A CN107060741 A CN 107060741A CN 201611104918 A CN201611104918 A CN 201611104918A CN 107060741 A CN107060741 A CN 107060741A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/12—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling
- E21B47/14—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling using acoustic waves
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/40—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting specially adapted for well-logging
- G01V1/52—Structural details
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of phased dual crossing dipole logging method, this method includes：In the first area of logger, at least one set of transmitting transducer is set, in first group of transmitting transducer include four transmitting transducers；In the second area of logger, at least one set of receive transducer array is set, one group of receive transducer array of at least one set of receive transducer array includes first group of receive transducer array and second group of receive transducer array；Row energization is entered to the first subgroup transmitting transducer, the second subgroup transmitting transducer, the 3rd subgroup transmitting transducer and the 4th subgroup transmitting transducer successively, the first transmission signal, the second transmission signal, the 3rd transmission signal and the 4th transmission signal is obtained；Receive transducer receives the first transmission signal, the second transmission signal, the 3rd transmission signal and the 4th transmission signal successively respectively.Polarity and amplitude of the invention by controlling orthogonal dipole transmitting transducer, in the case of compared with low signal-to-noise ratio and weak anisotropy, can preferably detect the anisotropy of formation azimuth.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to stratum prospecting technique field, more particularly to a kind of phased dual crossing dipole logging method.
Background technology
In oil gas exploration field, because the exploitation that unconventionaloil pool is surveyed increasingly is paid attention to, therefore, in oil and gas development
Log well before, more and more important is seemed to the quantitative assessment of formation fracture and crustal stress.Cross dipole acoustic logging method can
Preferably to detect the anisotropy as caused by crack or crustal stress, so that cross dipole acoustic logging method turns into unconventional
One of important method of oil gas exploration.
Crossed dipoles logs well schematic diagram as shown in figure 1, setting four transmitting transducers, two of which hair in logger
Penetrate transducer and be arranged on defined X, -X direction, two other is arranged on defined Y, -Y direction, meanwhile, to being arranged on X and-X
On direction plus an opposite polarity voltage, the signal that corresponding X, Y-direction are received is subtracted each other, obtain in-phase signal XX with
YY, crossbar signal XY and YX, usual crossbar signal is identical.
The well logging of existing crossed dipoles can provide the logging speed of 4 groups of totally 3 independent, directions, higher in signal to noise ratio
When, anisotropy size and Shear Waves Splitting orientation are obtained by handling, means are provided to obtain evaluation crustal stress and crack.
And these dipole logging technologies at least have the following disadvantages：When the transmitting transducer and speed of crossed dipoles are horizontal
When the angle of ripple is near 45 degree, the stronger medium of anisotropy shows also weaker in four componets data, is unfavorable for anisotropy
Detection and inverting, if using data simultaneously or partially two parameters of inverting anisotropy of four components, it is possible that side
The saltus step of parallactic angle.
The dual crossing dipole logging method proposed then needs four groups of transmitting transducers, adds being manufactured into for instrument
This, while being also possible to bring the increase of tool length, makes troubles to construction.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is in the case of compared with low signal-to-noise ratio and weak anisotropy, it is proposed that a kind of phased dual crossing is even
Extremely sub- logging method, preferably detects the anisotropy of formation azimuth.
To achieve the above object, the invention provides a kind of phased dual crossing dipole logging method, the phased dual crossing
Dipole logging method includes：In the first area of logger, at least one set of transmitting transducer is set, at least one set transmitting is changed
First group of transmitting transducer that can be in device includes four transmitting transducers, and equidistantly distributed is flat vertical with instrument axis first
On the circumference in face；In the second area of logger, at least one set of receive transducer array, at least one set of receive transducer are set
One group of receive transducer array of array includes first group of receive transducer and second group of receive transducer, first group of reception transducing
Device and second group of receive transducer distinguish equidistantly distributed in the second plane, and the second plane is parallel with the first plane；Wherein, first
Group receive transducer includes four receive transducers；Second group of receive transducer includes four receive transducers；Successively to first
Subgroup transmitting transducer, the second subgroup transmitting transducer, the 3rd subgroup transmitting transducer and the 4th subgroup transmitting transducer are carried out
Excitation, obtains the first transmission signal, the second transmission signal, the 3rd transmission signal and the 4th transmission signal；Wherein, the first subgroup is sent out
Penetrate two transmitting transducers that transducer is mutually 180 degree including angle in first group of transmitting transducer；Second subgroup launches transducing
Device includes the other two hair in addition to the first subgroup transducer in one group of transmitting transducer at least one set of transmitting transducer
Penetrate transducer；3rd subgroup transmitting transducer includes first group of transmitting transducer；4th subgroup transmitting transducer includes first group
Transmitting transducer；Receive transducer receives the first transmission signal, the second transmission signal, the 3rd transmission signal and the 4th successively respectively
Transmission signal.
Preferably, successively to the first subgroup transmitting transducer, the second subgroup transmitting transducer, the 3rd subgroup transmitting transducer
Enter row energization with the 4th subgroup transmitting transducer, obtain the first transmission signal, the second transmission signal, the 3rd transmission signal and the 4th
The step of transmission signal, specifically includes：Include a pair of angles in first group of transmitting transducer to the first subgroup transmitting transducer mutual
Two transmitting transducers into 180 degree apply opposite polarity excitation, produce the first transmission signal；Transducing is launched to the second subgroup
Device include another pair angle in first group of transmitting transducer be mutually 180 degree two transmitting transducers apply it is opposite polarity swash
Encourage, produce the second transmission signal；To the 3rd subgroup transmitting transducer including a pair of angles in first group of transmitting transducer into 90 degree
In two transmitting transducers apply same polarity, two transmitting transducers of another pair in first group of transmitting transducer are applied with
Same opposite polarity polarity；Produce the 3rd transmission signal；A pair of angles are kept in the 3rd subgroup transmitting transducer into 180 degree
The polarity of two transmitting transducers is constant, changes the pole of two transmitting transducers of another pair in the 3rd subgroup transmitting transducer
Property, the 4th subgroup transmitting transducer is formed, the 4th transmitting transducer is produced.
Preferably, successively to the first subgroup transmitting transducer, the second subgroup transmitting transducer, the 3rd subgroup transmitting transducer
Enter row energization with the 4th subgroup transmitting transducer, obtain the first transmission signal, the second transmission signal, the 3rd transmission signal and the 4th
Also include after the step of transmission signal：Receive the first transmission signal, the second transmission signal, successively respectively to receive transducer
Three transmission signals and the 4th transmission signal carry out signal transacting, obtain the first in-phase component signal, the second in-phase component signal, the
Three in-phase component signals and the 4th in-phase component signal；According to the first in-phase component signal, the second in-phase component signal, the 3rd same
Branch signal and the 4th in-phase component signal, calculating obtain the first shear wave velocity, the second shear wave velocity, the 3rd shear wave velocity and
Quadrupole shear wave speed；Stratum is determined according to the first shear wave velocity, the second shear wave velocity, the 3rd shear wave velocity and quadrupole shear wave speed
Anisotropic parameters.
Preferably, the angle of two receive transducers adjacent in first group of receive transducer is 90 degree；Second group of reception
The angle of any receive transducer and any receive transducer in first group of receive transducer is 45 degree in transducer.
Preferably, when only first group receive transducer is received, receive first successively respectively to receive transducer and launch
Signal, the second transmission signal, the 3rd transmission signal and the 4th transmission signal carry out signal transacting, obtain the first in-phase component letter
Number, the second in-phase component signal, the 3rd in-phase component signal and the 4th in-phase component signal, be specially：First group of reception is changed
Can device array, the first transmitting letter that the receive transducer being be arranged in parallel with the first subgroup cross dipole transmitting transducer is received respectively
Number it is overlapped, obtains the first in-phase component signal；By first group of receive transducer array, launch with the second subgroup cross dipole
The second transmission signal that the receive transducer that transducer be arranged in parallel is received respectively is overlapped, and obtains the second in-phase component letter
Number；The data that four receive transducers in first group of receive transducer array are received all are recorded, each receiver
Polarity it is identical with the transmitting transducer polarity on an axis with it, then four receiver signals are overlapped, obtained
To the 3rd in-phase component signal；Four receivers in first group of receive transducer array are all recorded, it is each to receive
The polarity of device is identical with the transmitting transducer polarity on an axis with it, is then overlapped four receiver signals,
Obtain the 4th in-phase component signal；
Preferably, when there is second group of receive transducer reception, receiving first successively respectively to receive transducer and launching
Signal, the second transmission signal, the 3rd transmission signal and the 4th transmission signal carry out signal transacting, obtain the first in-phase component letter
Number, the second in-phase component signal, the 3rd in-phase component signal and the 4th in-phase component signal, be specially：First group of reception is changed
Can device array, the first transmitting letter that the receive transducer being be arranged in parallel with the first subgroup cross dipole transmitting transducer is received respectively
Number it is overlapped, obtains the first in-phase component signal；By first group of receive transducer array, launch with the second subgroup cross dipole
The second transmission signal that the receive transducer that transducer be arranged in parallel is received respectively is overlapped, and obtains the second in-phase component letter
Number；Polarity identical in second group of receive transducer array, with the 3rd subgroup cross dipole transmitting transducer is launched into transducing
Two receive transducers at the angular bisector of device receive the 3rd signal and are overlapped respectively, obtain the 3rd in-phase component signal；
By the polarity identical transmitting transducer in second group of receive transducer array, with the 4th subgroup cross dipole transmitting transducer
Two receive transducers at angular bisector receive the 4th signal and are overlapped respectively, obtain the 4th in-phase component signal.
Preferably, it is same according to the first in-phase component signal, the second in-phase component signal, the 3rd in-phase component signal and the 4th
Branch signal, calculating obtains the first shear wave velocity, the second shear wave velocity, the 3rd shear wave velocity and quadrupole shear wave speed, specifically
For：Using waveform inversion method and/or filtering, dispersion correction, to the first in-phase component signal, the second in-phase component signal,
Three in-phase component signals and the 4th in-phase component signal, carry out speed or time difference receiver respectively, obtain the first shear wave velocity, the
Two shear wave velocitys, the 3rd shear wave velocity and quadrupole shear wave speed.
Preferably, same to the first in-phase component signal, the second in-phase component signal, the 3rd in-phase component signal and the 4th
Branch signal, carries out scanning frequency degree or time difference receiver, obtains the first shear wave velocity, the second shear wave velocity, the 3rd shear wave respectively
After speed and quadrupole shear wave speed, logging method also includes：First shear wave velocity is subtracted each other with the second shear wave velocity, and taken absolutely
It is poor to being worth to First Speed；3rd shear wave velocity is subtracted each other with quadrupole shear wave speed, and takes absolute value that to obtain second speed poor.
Preferably, formation anisotropy parameter includes size, the size of slow shear-wave speed and the magnetic north of fast transverse wave speed
The angle in direction and direction where fast transverse wave where pole；According to the first shear wave velocity, the second shear wave velocity, the 3rd shear wave velocity and
Quadrupole shear wave speed determines stratum anisotropic parameters, is specially：When First Speed difference is poor more than second speed, if first is horizontal
When wave velocity is more than the second shear wave velocity, then fast transverse wave speed is equal to the first shear wave velocity, and slow shear-wave speed is equal to the second shear wave
Speed；Or if when the second shear wave velocity is more than the first shear wave velocity, then fast transverse wave speed is equal to the second shear wave velocity, slow horizontal
Wave velocity is equal to the first shear wave velocity；When second speed difference is more than First Speed difference, if the 3rd shear wave velocity is more than the 4th
Shear wave velocity, then fast transverse wave speed is equal to the 3rd shear wave velocity, and slow shear-wave speed is equal to quadrupole shear wave speed；Or the if the 4th
Shear wave velocity is more than the 3rd shear wave velocity, then fast transverse wave speed is equal to quadrupole shear wave speed, and slow shear-wave speed is equal to the 3rd shear wave
Speed；When First Speed difference and second speed difference are zero, then parallel-vertical shear wave speed is equal, equal to the first shear wave velocity, the
Any one shear wave velocity in two shear wave velocitys, the 3rd shear wave velocity or quadrupole shear wave speed, stratum is without azimuthal anisotropy.
The present invention provides a kind of phased dual crossing dipole logging method, by the pole for controlling orthogonal dipole transmitting transducer
Property and amplitude, can in the case of compared with low signal-to-noise ratio and weak anisotropy, preferably detect formation azimuth anisotropy.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of crossed dipoles well logging structure in the prior art；
Fig. 2 is a kind of flow chart for phased dual crossing dipole logging method that the embodiment of the present invention one is provided；
Fig. 3 is a kind of structural representation for phased dual crossing dipole logging that the embodiment of the present invention two is provided；
Fig. 4 is another phased dual crossing dipole logging structural representation that the embodiment of the present invention two is provided；
Fig. 5 a and Fig. 5 b are emitted through the simulation of Polarity Control mode and the finger of actual test for four orientation in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4
Tropism figure.
Fig. 6 is the transmitting of four orientation and one group of dipole emission comparative result figure in horizontal cross isotropic medium.
Embodiment
Below by accompanying drawing and embodiment, technical scheme is described in further detail.
Fig. 2 is a kind of flow chart for dual crossing dipole logging method that the embodiment of the present invention one is provided.
As shown in Fig. 2 dual crossing dipole logging specifically includes following steps：
Step 101, in the emitting area of logger, multigroup transmitting transducer is set, multigroup transmitting transducer includes the
One group of transmitting transducer, first group of transmitting transducer includes the first transmitting transducer, the second transmitting transducer, the 3rd transmitting transducing
Device and the 4th transmitting transducer, are spacedly distributed on the circumference of first plane vertical with instrument axis.
Specifically, first, second, third and fourth transmitting transducer, four transmitting transducers are set in the same plane
Performance is identical；Four cross dipole transmitters can be specially that the first subgroup cross dipole transmitting transducer and the second subgroup are intersected
Dipole emission transducer；First subgroup cross dipole transmitting transducer can include the first transmitting transducer and the 3rd transmitting transducing
Device；Second subgroup cross dipole transmitting transducer can include the second transmitting transducer and the 4th transmitting transducer；First transmitting
Transducer, the second transmitting transducer, the 3rd transmitting transducer and the 4th transmitting transducer equidistantly, and are spaced 90 degree points successively
Cloth.
Step 102, in the second area of logger, at least one set of receive transducer array is set, at least one set is received
One group of receive transducer array of transducer array includes first group of receive transducer and second group of receive transducer, and first group connects
Transducer equidistantly distributed is received in the second plane, second group of receive transducer equidistantly distributed in the second plane, the second plane with
First plane is parallel；Wherein, first group of receive transducer includes four receive transducers；Second group of receive transducer includes four
Receive transducer；
When being received using 4 orientation, the receive transducer in any array is changed with first, second, third and fourth transmitting
Angle between energy device is at intervals of n × 90 degree, n=1,2,3；
When being received using 8 orientation, the receive transducer in any array is changed with first, second, third and fourth transmitting
Angle between energy device is at intervals of m × 45 degree, m=1,2,3 ... 7.
Specifically, receive transducer array is set in a series of planes parallel to the plane of departure, and each array can be with
Including four receive transducers or eight receive transducers.Four orientation that four receive transducers are constituted are received, each receive is changed
Can device respectively with first, second, third or the 4th transmitting transducer on same axis, and to eight receive transducers constitute
Eight directional is received, then places a reception transducing again in the middle of two adjacent reception transducers of above-mentioned 4 orientation receive transducer
Device, eight transducers are on same circumference.Eight directional receive transducer can be divided into two groups, the 4 of first group of receive transducer
It is individual respectively with first, second, third or the 4th transmitting transducer on same axis, the four of second group of receive transducer array
Individual receive transducer is individually positioned between two adjacent reception transducers in first group of four receive transducer arrays, and eight
When orientation is received, second group of multiple respectively with first group of 45 degree of interval.
Step 103, the first subgroup cross dipole transmitting transducer is encouraged, produces the first transmission signal；Using first group
4 × N receive transducers in receive transducer array receive the first transmission signal；Record and the first subgroup transmitting transducer simultaneously
The signal that two receive transducers, vertically disposed two receive transducers be arrangeding in parallel are received；
Specifically, central angle is mutually two transmitting transducers of 180 degree in electrode couple transmitting transducer, i.e. the first subgroup
Dipole emission transducer applies opposite polarity pumping signal and enters row energization, and the first subgroup cross dipole transmitting transducer produces the
One transmission signal；While the first subgroup dipole emission transducer is encouraged, with the first subgroup in record receive transducer array
The letter that two receive transducers that cross dipole transmitting transducer be arranged in parallel, vertically disposed two receive transducers are received
Number.
Step 104, of two transmitting transducers i.e. second of 180 degree is mutually to two other central angle in transmitting transducer
The group opposite polarity excitation of cross dipole transmitting transducer, produces the second transmission signal；Using first group of receive transducer array
In 4 × N receive transducers receive the second transmission signal；Two be arranged in parallel with the second subgroup transmitting transducer are recorded simultaneously
The signal that receive transducer, vertically disposed two receive transducers are received；
Specifically, two transmitting transducers in the second subgroup dipole emission transducer are applied with opposite polarity excitation to believe
Number enter row energization, the second subgroup cross dipole transmitting transducer produces the second transmission signal；Encouraging the second subgroup cross dipole
While transmitting transducer, two be arranged in parallel in record receive transducer array with the second subgroup cross dipole transmitting transducer
The signal of individual receive transducer, vertically disposed two receive transducers.
Step 105, to the 3rd subgroup dipole emission transducer excitation, the 3rd transmission signal is produced；Changed using one group of reception
4 × N receive transducers in energy device array receive the 3rd transmission signal；
Specifically, two adjacent i.e. central angles in electrode couple transmitting transducer apply into 90 degree of transmitting transducer parallel connection
A kind of pumping signal of polarity enters row energization, and remaining two adjacent i.e. central angles are applied into 90 degree of transmitting transducer parallel connection
The pumping signal of polarity contrary to the above, forms the 3rd subgroup dipole emission transducer and the 3rd transmission signal.3rd subgroup is sent out
Penetrating transducer includes all four transmitting transducers, and the 3rd transmission signal will be acted on four transmitting transducers simultaneously.
While the 3rd subgroup dipole emission transducer is encouraged, to eight directional receive transducer, using second group of reception
With two receive transducers of the angular bisector of two same polarity receive transducers in the 3rd subgroup transmitting transducer in transducer
Reception signal.
And for four orientation receive transducers, four receive transducers are gathered simultaneously, the polarity of each transducer with its
The transmitting transducer polarity of one axis is identical.
Step 106, central angle is kept in the 3rd subgroup transmitting transducer into two of the 180 degree poles for launching receive transducer
Property is constant, and to remaining central angle into two transmitting transducers of 180 degree reversing；Form the 4th subgroup transmitting transducing
Device；Enter row energization to the 4th subgroup transmitting transducer and produce the 4th transmission signal；Using 4 in one group of receive transducer array ×
N receive transducers receive the 4th transmission signal.
While row energization is entered to the 4th subgroup dipole transmitting transducer, if using eight directional receive transducer,
Using in second group of receive transducer array with two same polarity receive transducers in the 4th subgroup dipole transmitting transducer
Two receive transducers at angular bisector receive signal.
And for four orientation receive transducers, four receive transducers are gathered simultaneously, the polarity of each transducer with its
The transmitting transducer polarity of one axis is identical.
Step 107, to first transmission signal and the second transmission signal, and the 3rd transmission signal and the 4th hair
Penetrate signal measurement to signal handled, obtain the first in-phase component signal, the second in-phase component signal, the 3rd in-phase component
Signal and the 4th in-phase component signal；
To the first and second transmission signals, by crossed in one group of receive transducer array centre 180 degree two
Individual receive transducer, which receives same transmission signal data and is overlapped, can obtain in-phase component and cross-product；Wherein with hair
Penetrate that transducer is parallel for in-phase component, with transmitting transducer into 90 degree of angles be cross-product；
Specifically, by first group of receive transducer array, the reception being be arranged in parallel with the first subgroup transmitting transducer is changed
Energy device, vertically disposed receive transducer, receive the first transmission signal respectively；Will be with the first subgroup cross dipole transmitting transducer
The first transmission signal data that the receive transducer be arrangeding in parallel is received are overlapped, and obtain the first in-phase component signal；Specifically
For the first transmission signal data received with the receive transducer that the first subgroup cross dipole transmitting transducer be arranged in parallel are entered
Row subtracts each other, and obtains the first in-phase component signal；Will be with the first vertically disposed reception transducing of subgroup cross dipole transmitting transducer
The first transmission signal data that device is received are overlapped, and obtain the first cross-product signal；It will specially intersect with the first subgroup
The first transmission signal data that the vertically disposed receive transducer of dipole emission transducer is received are subtracted each other, and obtain the first intersection
Component signal.
By the receive transducer in first group of receive transducer array, being be arranged in parallel with the second subgroup transmitting transducer, hang down
The receive transducer directly set, receives the second transmission signal respectively；Parallel with the second subgroup cross dipole transmitting transducer it will set
The second transmission signal data that the receive transducer put is received are overlapped, and obtain the second in-phase component signal；Specially will be with
The second transmission signal data that the receive transducer that second subgroup cross dipole transmitting transducer be arranged in parallel is received are subtracted each other,
Obtain the second in-phase component signal；By what is received with the vertically disposed receive transducer of the second subgroup cross dipole transmitting transducer
Second transmission signal data subtract each other obtaining the second cross-product signal；It will specially be changed with the transmitting of the second subgroup cross dipole
The second transmission signal data that the vertically disposed receive transducer of energy device is received are subtracted each other, and obtain the second cross-product signal.
To the third and fourth transmission signal, when being received using eight directional：
By in second group of receive transducer array, changed with two polarity identicals transmitting in the 3rd subgroup transmitting transducer
Two receive transducers at energy device angular bisector, receive the 3rd transmission signal respectively；The polarity of two receivers respectively with its
The transmitting transducer polarity of both sides is identical, and the two signal datas are overlapped, and obtains the 3rd in-phase component signal；Specifically
For two signal datas are subtracted each other, the 3rd in-phase component signal is obtained.
By in second group of receive transducer array, with two same polarity transmitting transducers in the 4th subgroup transmitting transducer
Two receive transducers at angular bisector, receive the 4th transmission signal respectively；The polarity of two receivers respectively with its both sides
Transmitting transducer polarity it is identical, the two signal datas are overlapped, the 4th in-phase component signal is obtained, specifically, will
Two signal datas are subtracted each other, and obtain the 4th in-phase component signal.
To the third and fourth transmission signal, when being received using four orientation：
By in first group of receive transducer array, four receivers are while record data, each receiver in each array
Polarity it is identical with its transmitting transducer on the same axis, i.e., two positive polarity, two negative polarity, by four signals simultaneously
Superposition, obtains the 3rd or the 4th in-phase component signal, is specially to subtract each other the difference of two positive polarity with two negative polarity differences
Obtain the 3rd or the 4th in-phase component signal.
Step 108, to the first in-phase component signal, the second in-phase component signal, the 3rd in-phase component signal and
Four in-phase component signals, are respectively calculated, and obtain the first shear wave velocity, the second shear wave velocity, the 3rd shear wave velocity and the 4th
Shear wave velocity.
Specifically, when receive transducer receives the signal of same transmitting transducer transmitting, passed through due to transmission signal
Path is different, causes reception signal to have a fixed response time；According to receive signal between correlation, obtain receive transmission signal when
Between it is poor；The distance between receive transducer and obtained time difference are obtained into shear wave velocity.
By the first obtained in-phase component signal, the second in-phase component signal, the 3rd in-phase component signal and the 4th same phase
Component signal, carries out above-mentioned calculating respectively, obtains the first shear wave velocity, the second shear wave velocity, the 3rd shear wave velocity and the 4th horizontal
Wave velocity.
To the first in-phase component signal, the second in-phase component signal, the 3rd in-phase component signal and the 4th in-phase component
The waveform of signal is treated in journey, and the derivative of shear wave velocity is generally obtained using the method for waveform inversion；If necessary, also may be used
To be carried out to the first in-phase component signal, the second in-phase component signal, the 3rd in-phase component signal and the 4th in-phase component signal
Filtering and dispersion correction processing, filter out some interference signals.
Step 109, according to first shear wave velocity and the second shear wave velocity, the 3rd shear wave velocity and the quadrupole shear wave
Speed obtains that First Speed is poor, second speed is poor.
Specifically, taken absolute value after the first shear wave velocity is subtracted each other with the second shear wave velocity, obtain First Speed poor；By
Three shear wave velocitys take absolute value after subtracting each other with quadrupole shear wave speed, obtain second speed poor.
Step 110, according to first shear wave velocity, the second shear wave velocity, the 3rd shear wave velocity and quadrupole shear wave speed
Determine stratum anisotropic parameters.
Specifically, anisotropic parameters can include size, the size of slow shear-wave speed of fast transverse wave speed, and fast horizontal
Wave velocity and the angle value in direction where default subgroup cross dipole transmitting transducer, i.e. azimuth.
When First Speed difference and second speed difference are zero, then the size and Orientation of parallel-vertical shear wave speed is all zero.
In error allowed band, when First Speed is poor and second speed difference is all close to zero, show stratum without obvious anisotropy.
When First Speed difference and second speed difference value relatively, and in the case of being all not zero, fast transverse wave speed can
Think any shear wave velocity in the first shear wave velocity, the second shear wave velocity, slow horizontal rich speed is corresponding another shear wave velocity；
Or fast transverse wave speed can be any shear wave velocity in the 3rd shear wave velocity, quadrupole shear wave speed, slow horizontal rich speed is corresponding
Another shear wave velocity.
If First Speed difference be significantly greater than second speed it is poor, or second speed difference be significantly greater than First Speed difference when,
Fast transverse wave speed is taken larger one in the first shear wave velocity, the second shear wave velocity or the 3rd shear wave velocity, quadrupole shear wave speed
Individual shear wave velocity, slow shear-wave speed takes the first shear wave velocity, the second shear wave velocity or the 3rd shear wave velocity, quadrupole shear wave speed
In a relatively small shear wave velocity.
In a specific embodiment, First Speed difference is poor more than second speed, and the first shear wave velocity is more than the second shear wave
Speed, then fast transverse wave speed be equal to the first shear wave velocity, slow shear-wave speed etc. states the second shear wave velocity.
In another specific embodiment, First Speed difference is more than that second speed is poor, and the second shear wave velocity is more than described the
One shear wave velocity, then fast transverse wave speed is equal to second shear wave velocity, and slow shear-wave speed is equal to first shear wave velocity.
In another embodiment, second speed difference is poor more than First Speed, and the 3rd shear wave velocity is more than quadrupole shear wave
Speed, then fast transverse wave speed is equal to the 3rd shear wave velocity, and slow shear-wave speed is equal to the quadrupole shear wave speed.
In other embodiments, second speed difference is poor more than First Speed, and quadrupole shear wave speed is more than the 3rd shear wave
Speed, then fast transverse wave speed is equal to the quadrupole shear wave speed, and slow shear-wave speed is equal to the 3rd shear wave velocity.
In other embodiments, when the First Speed is poor and the second speed difference is zero, then parallel-vertical shear wave is fast
Degree is equal, equal to any one in first shear wave velocity, the second shear wave velocity, the 3rd shear wave velocity or quadrupole shear wave speed
Shear wave velocity, stratum is without azimuthal anisotropy.
Therefore, the present invention provides a kind of phased dual crossing dipole logging method, passes through one group of orthogonal dipole emission transducing
Device and one group of (two groups) receive transducer, can preferably detect stratum in the case of compared with low signal-to-noise ratio and weak anisotropy
The anisotropy in orientation.Meanwhile, the size of formation anisotropy can be directly given, can also by anisotropy azimuth with it is each
The angular range of one group of stronger dipole in-phase component of anisotropy is controlled in 45 degree of transformation range, by processing method,
Azimuth is determined fast and reliablely.
It is further described below according to a kind of cross dipole transmitting logging method that accompanying drawing is provided embodiment one.
The embodiment of the present invention provides two kinds of dual crossing dipole well logging apparatus, to realize that a kind of dipole that embodiment one is provided is surveyed
Well method, such as Fig. 3,4.
Fig. 3 is a kind of structural representation for dual crossing dipole logging that the embodiment of the present invention two is provided.
As shown in figure 3, the phased dual crossing dipole instrument includes the transmitting transducer in 4 orientation and connecing for 4 orientation
Receive transducer.One of which cross dipole transmitting transducer working method such as Fig. 1 is identical, another set cross dipole such as this figure institute
Show, two, top figure is respectively that corresponding one group of dipole emission and reception mode are combined, the figure of bottom two is respectively corresponding another
Outer one group of dipole emission and reception mode are combined.As can be seen that in second group of cross dipole mode, each dipole emission and connect
Receipts will all use all 4 transmittings and receive transducer.
Fig. 4 is another dual crossing dipole logging structural representation that the embodiment of the present invention two is provided.
Shown in Fig. 4, the phased dual crossing dipole instrument includes the transmitting transducer in 4 orientation and the reception in 8 orientation
Transducer.One of which cross dipole transmitting transducer working method such as Fig. 1 is identical, another set cross dipole such as this figure institute
Show, two, top figure is respectively that corresponding one group of dipole emission and reception mode are combined, the figure of bottom two is respectively corresponding another
Outer one group of dipole emission and reception mode are combined.As can be seen that in second group of cross dipole mode, each dipole emission will
All 4 transmittings are used, and receives and only needs to two receive transducers.
Fig. 5 a and Fig. 5 b are emitted through the simulation of Polarity Control mode and the finger of actual test for four orientation in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4
Tropism figure.This figure is in unlimited flood, when 4 orientation dipole emission transducers are carried out according to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 upper left quarters connected mode
Directivity pattern during excitation, Fig. 5 a are four completely the same preferable sound source modeling results, and Fig. 5 b are actual transducer in pond
Middle test result.
Fig. 6 is the transmitting of four orientation and one group of dipole emission comparative result figure in horizontal cross isotropic medium.Black line
(45 ° of azimuth dispole of A) are the result launched and received by Fig. 3 bottoms mode, grey lines (Two dipoles
0 ° of with, 90 ° of and azimuths) it is by Fig. 1 modes and will launches with the angular transition received to the same pole of Fig. 3 bottoms two
Result in the orientation of property intermediate connection.The two is then consistent with phase, and simply amplitude has certain difference.Pass through simulation
As can be seen that by phased approach, can also under equal conditions improve the amplitude of signal.
The present invention provides a kind of phased dual crossing dipole logging method, by the pole for controlling orthogonal dipole transmitting transducer
Property and amplitude, can in the case of compared with low signal-to-noise ratio and weak anisotropy, preferably detect formation azimuth anisotropy.
Therefore, the present invention provides a kind of dual crossing dipole logging method, is sent out by two groups of angles at intervals of orthogonal dipole
Transducer and two groups of receive transducer arrays are penetrated, the size of formation anisotropy can be directly given, can also be by anisotropy
Azimuth and the angular range of one group of stronger dipole in-phase component of anisotropy are controlled in 45 degree of transformation range, are passed through
Processing method, determines azimuth fast and reliablely.
Professional should further appreciate that, each example described with reference to the embodiments described herein
Unit and algorithm steps, can be realized with electronic hardware, computer software or the combination of the two, hard in order to clearly demonstrate
The interchangeability of part and software, generally describes the composition and step of each example according to function in the above description.
These functions are performed with hardware or software mode actually, depending on the application-specific and design constraint of technical scheme.
Professional and technical personnel can realize described function to each specific application using distinct methods, but this realize
It is not considered that beyond the scope of this invention.
The method that is described with reference to the embodiments described herein can use hardware, computing device the step of algorithm
Software module, or the two combination are implemented.Software module can be placed in random access memory (RAM), internal memory, read-only storage
(ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable ROM, register, hard disk, moveable magnetic disc, CD-ROM or technical field
In any other form of storage medium well known to interior.
Above-described embodiment, has been carried out further to the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect
Describe in detail, should be understood that the embodiment that the foregoing is only the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention
Protection domain, within the spirit and principles of the invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements done etc. all should be included
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of phased dual crossing dipole logging method, it is characterised in that the logging method includes：
In the first area of logger, the at least one set of transmitting transducer, at least one set of transmitting transducer is set
One group of transmitting transducer includes four transmitting transducers, circumference of the equidistantly distributed in first plane vertical with instrument axis
On；
In the second area of logger, at least one set of receive transducer array, at least one set of receive transducer battle array are set
One group of receive transducer array of row includes first group of receive transducer and second group of receive transducer, and first group of reception is changed
Energy device and second group of receive transducer difference equidistantly distributed are in the second plane, second plane and first plane
It is parallel；Wherein, first group of receive transducer includes four receive transducers；Second group of receive transducer includes four
Receive transducer；
Successively to the first subgroup transmitting transducer, the second subgroup transmitting transducer, the 3rd subgroup transmitting transducer and the 4th subgroup
Transmitting transducer enters row energization, obtains first transmission signal, the second transmission signal, the 3rd transmission signal and the 4th transmitting letter
Number；Wherein, the first subgroup transmitting transducer includes two hairs that angle in first group of transmitting transducer is mutually 180 degree
Penetrate transducer；The second subgroup transmitting transducer is included in one group of transmitting transducer at least one set of transmitting transducer
Other two transmitting transducer in addition to the first subgroup transducer；The 3rd subgroup transmitting transducer includes described the
One group of transmitting transducer；The 4th subgroup transmitting transducer includes first group of transmitting transducer；
The receive transducer receives first transmission signal, second transmission signal, the 3rd transmitting successively respectively
Signal and the 4th transmission signal.
2. logging method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described successively to the first subgroup transmitting transducer,
Two subgroup transmitting transducers, the 3rd subgroup transmitting transducer and the 4th subgroup transmitting transducer enter row energization, obtain described first
The step of transmission signal, the second transmission signal, the 3rd transmission signal and four transmission signals, specifically includes：
Include two hairs that a pair of angles in first group of transmitting transducer are mutually 180 degree to the first subgroup transmitting transducer
Penetrate transducer and apply opposite polarity excitation, produce the first transmission signal；
Include two that another pair angle in first group of transmitting transducer is mutually 180 degree to the second subgroup transmitting transducer
Transmitting transducer applies opposite polarity excitation, produces the second transmission signal；
Include a pair of angles in first group of transmitting transducer to the 3rd subgroup transmitting transducer to send out into two in 90 degree
Penetrate transducer and apply same polarity, two transmitting transducers of another pair in first group of transmitting transducer are applied with it is described
Same opposite polarity polarity；Produce the 3rd transmission signal；
Keep the polarity of a pair of angles into two transmitting transducers of 180 degree in the 3rd subgroup transmitting transducer constant, change
Become the polarity of two transmitting transducers of another pair in the 3rd subgroup transmitting transducer, form the 4th subgroup transmitting transducing
Device, produces the 4th transmitting transducer.
3. logging method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described successively to the first subgroup transmitting transducer,
Two subgroup transmitting transducers, the 3rd subgroup transmitting transducer and the 4th subgroup transmitting transducer enter row energization, obtain described first
Also include after the step of transmission signal, the second transmission signal, the 3rd transmission signal and four transmission signals：
Receive first transmission signal, second transmission signal, the 3rd hair successively respectively to the receive transducer
Penetrate signal and the 4th transmission signal and carry out signal transacting, obtain the first in-phase component signal, the second in-phase component signal, the
Three in-phase component signals and the 4th in-phase component signal；
According to the first in-phase component signal, the second in-phase component signal, the 3rd in-phase component signal and described
4th in-phase component signal, calculating obtains the first shear wave velocity, the second shear wave velocity, the 3rd shear wave velocity and quadrupole shear wave speed
Degree；
According to first shear wave velocity, second shear wave velocity, the 3rd shear wave velocity and the quadrupole shear wave speed
Determine stratum anisotropic parameters.
4. logging method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that adjacent two in first group of receive transducer
The angle of receive transducer is 90 degree；Any receive transducer is changed with first group of reception in second group of receive transducer
Angle in energy device between any receive transducer is 45 degree.
5. logging method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that when only described first group of receive transducer is received
When, it is described to receive first transmission signal, second transmission signal, the described 3rd successively respectively to the receive transducer
Transmission signal and the 4th transmission signal carry out signal transacting, obtain the first in-phase component signal, the second in-phase component signal,
3rd in-phase component signal and the 4th in-phase component signal, be specially：
By first group of receive transducer array, the reception being be arranged in parallel with the first subgroup cross dipole transmitting transducer
The first transmission signal that transducer is received respectively is overlapped, and obtains the first in-phase component signal；
By first group of receive transducer array, the reception being be arranged in parallel with the second subgroup cross dipole transmitting transducer
The second transmission signal that transducer is received respectively is overlapped, and obtains the second in-phase component signal；
The data that four receive transducers in first group of receive transducer array are received all are recorded, Mei Gejie
The polarity for receiving device is identical with the transmitting transducer polarity on an axis with it, is then folded four receiver signals
Plus, obtain the 3rd in-phase component signal；
By in first group of receive transducer array four receivers all recorded, the polarity of each receiver and its
It is identical with the transmitting transducer polarity on an axis, then four receiver signals are overlapped, the 4th same phase is obtained
Component signal.
6. logging method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that received when there is second group of receive transducer
When, it is described to receive first transmission signal, second transmission signal, the described 3rd successively respectively to the receive transducer
Transmission signal and the 4th transmission signal carry out signal transacting, obtain the first in-phase component signal, the second in-phase component signal,
3rd in-phase component signal and the 4th in-phase component signal, be specially：
By first group of receive transducer array, the reception being be arranged in parallel with the first subgroup cross dipole transmitting transducer
The first transmission signal that transducer is received respectively is overlapped, and obtains the first in-phase component signal；
By first group of receive transducer array, the reception being be arranged in parallel with the second subgroup cross dipole transmitting transducer
The second transmission signal that transducer is received respectively is overlapped, and obtains the second in-phase component signal；
By second group of receive transducer array, with the polarity identical in the 3rd subgroup cross dipole transmitting transducer
Two receive transducers at the angular bisector of transmitting transducer receive the 3rd signal and are overlapped respectively, obtain the 3rd same
Branch signal；
By second group of receive transducer array, with the polarity identical in the 4th subgroup cross dipole transmitting transducer
Two receive transducers at the angular bisector of transmitting transducer receive the 4th signal and are overlapped respectively, obtain the 4th same
Branch signal.
7. the logging method according to any one of claim 5 or 6, it is characterised in that believed according to first in-phase component
Number, the second in-phase component signal, the 3rd in-phase component signal and the 4th in-phase component signal, calculating obtains the
One shear wave velocity, the second shear wave velocity, the 3rd shear wave velocity and quadrupole shear wave speed, be specially：
Using waveform inversion method and/or filtering, dispersion correction, to the first in-phase component signal, described second with phase point
Signal, the 3rd in-phase component signal and the 4th in-phase component signal are measured, speed or time difference receiver are carried out respectively, is obtained
To first shear wave velocity, the second shear wave velocity, the 3rd shear wave velocity and quadrupole shear wave speed.
8. logging method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that to the first in-phase component signal, described
Two in-phase component signals, the 3rd in-phase component signal and the 4th in-phase component signal, respectively carry out scanning frequency degree or
Time difference receiver, obtains first shear wave velocity, second shear wave velocity, the 3rd shear wave velocity and the quadrupole shear wave
After speed, the logging method also includes：
First shear wave velocity is subtracted each other with second shear wave velocity, and takes absolute value that to obtain First Speed poor；
3rd shear wave velocity is subtracted each other with the quadrupole shear wave speed, and takes absolute value that to obtain second speed poor.
9. logging method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the formation anisotropy parameter includes fast transverse wave speed
Size, the size of slow shear-wave speed and the magnetic north place direction of degree and the angle in fast transverse wave place direction；It is described according to institute
State the first shear wave velocity, the second shear wave velocity, the 3rd shear wave velocity and quadrupole shear wave speed and determine stratum anisotropic parameters, have
Body is：
When First Speed difference is poor more than the second speed, if first shear wave velocity is more than second shear wave speed
When spending, then fast transverse wave speed is equal to first shear wave velocity, and slow shear-wave speed is equal to second shear wave velocity；Or
If second shear wave velocity is more than first shear wave velocity, fast transverse wave speed is equal to second shear wave speed
Degree, slow shear-wave speed is equal to first shear wave velocity；
When second speed difference is more than First Speed difference, if the 3rd shear wave velocity is more than quadrupole shear wave speed
Degree, then fast transverse wave speed is equal to the 3rd shear wave velocity, and slow shear-wave speed is equal to the quadrupole shear wave speed；Or
If the quadrupole shear wave speed is more than the 3rd shear wave velocity, fast transverse wave speed is equal to quadrupole shear wave speed
Degree, slow shear-wave speed is equal to the 3rd shear wave velocity；
When the poor and described second speed difference of the First Speed is zero, then parallel-vertical shear wave speed is equal, equal to described first
Any one shear wave velocity in shear wave velocity, the second shear wave velocity, the 3rd shear wave velocity or quadrupole shear wave speed, stratum is without orientation
Anisotropy.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1621860A (en) * | 2003-11-24 | 2005-06-01 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Multipolar acoustic velocity log transmitting transducer |
| US20070183259A1 (en) * | 2006-02-06 | 2007-08-09 | Precision Energy Services, Ltd. | Borehole apparatus and methods for simultaneous multimode excitation and reception to determine elastic wave velocities, elastic modulii, degree of anisotropy and elastic symmetry configurations |
| CN103147747A (en) * | 2013-03-29 | 2013-06-12 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Acoustic logging-while-drilling device and acoustic logging-while-drilling method |
| EP2506039A3 (en) * | 2011-03-28 | 2013-08-14 | Conocophillips Company | Methods for Seismic Fracture Parameter Estimation and Gas Filled Fracture Identification From Vertical Well Log Data |
| CN104481526A (en) * | 2014-12-08 | 2015-04-01 | 中国科学院声学研究所 | Double-cross dipole well-logging method |
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2016
- 2016-12-05 CN CN201611104918.6A patent/CN107060741B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1621860A (en) * | 2003-11-24 | 2005-06-01 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Multipolar acoustic velocity log transmitting transducer |
| US20070183259A1 (en) * | 2006-02-06 | 2007-08-09 | Precision Energy Services, Ltd. | Borehole apparatus and methods for simultaneous multimode excitation and reception to determine elastic wave velocities, elastic modulii, degree of anisotropy and elastic symmetry configurations |
| EP2506039A3 (en) * | 2011-03-28 | 2013-08-14 | Conocophillips Company | Methods for Seismic Fracture Parameter Estimation and Gas Filled Fracture Identification From Vertical Well Log Data |
| CN103147747A (en) * | 2013-03-29 | 2013-06-12 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Acoustic logging-while-drilling device and acoustic logging-while-drilling method |
| CN104481526A (en) * | 2014-12-08 | 2015-04-01 | 中国科学院声学研究所 | Double-cross dipole well-logging method |
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