CN106834838A - A kind of Al‑Mg‑Si‑Cu‑Pr‑Nd rare earth aluminum alloy cable material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of Al‑Mg‑Si‑Cu‑Pr‑Nd rare earth aluminum alloy cable material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002146 bilateral effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229910019018 Mg 2 Si Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000011258 core-shell material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 24
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910021365 Al-Mg-Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001803 electron scattering Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910018464 Al—Mg—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/12—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent
- C22C21/16—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent with magnesium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/12—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent
- C22C21/14—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent with silicon
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种新型中强Al‑Mg‑Si‑Cu‑Pr‑Nd稀土铝合金电缆材料，所述电缆材料包括Mg、Si、Cu、Pr、Nd。添加元素组分含量比M(Mg):M(Si):M(Cu)=(14‑16):(10‑11):(20‑22)，在此范围，元素能全部反应，时效后生成强化相β’’(Mg2Si)、S’(Al2CuMg)和θ’(Al2Cu)相；添加稀土元素组分含量比M(Pr):M(Nd)=1:1，可通过时效析出具有核壳结构的沉淀相Al3(Pr,Nd)，可以协同β’’、S’和θ’相来提高合金强度及导电率。The invention discloses a novel medium-strength Al-Mg-Si-Cu-Cu-Pr-Nd rare earth aluminum alloy cable material, and the cable material includes Mg, Si, Cu, Pr and Nd. The content ratio of added elements M(Mg):M(Si):M(Cu)=(14-16):(10-11):(20-22), in this range, the elements can all react, after aging Generate strengthening phases β''(Mg 2 Si), S'(Al 2 CuMg) and θ'(Al 2 Cu) phases; add rare earth element content ratio M(Pr):M(Nd)=1:1, The precipitation phase Al 3 (Pr, Nd) with core-shell structure can be precipitated through aging, and can cooperate with β'', S' and θ' phases to improve the strength and electrical conductivity of the alloy.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种中强稀土铝合金电缆材料，特别涉及一种中强Al-Mg-Si-Cu-Pr-Nd稀土铝合金电缆材料。The invention relates to a medium-strength rare earth aluminum alloy cable material, in particular to a medium-strength Al-Mg-Si-Cu-Pr-Nd rare earth aluminum alloy cable material.
背景技术Background technique
全铝合金架空导线是目前被广泛推广应用的一种具有优异性能的架空导线线路。Al-Mg-Si系合金具有合金密度低、延伸率大、耐腐蚀好、高温特性好、抗蠕变性好并且能通过热处理强化得到良好的综合机械性能，从而能够开发满足各方各面的要求，所以相比起其他系列的架空导线，Al-Mg-Si系合金的研究最广泛且应用最普遍。The all-aluminum alloy overhead conductor is a kind of overhead conductor circuit with excellent performance that is widely promoted and applied at present. Al-Mg-Si alloys have low alloy density, high elongation, good corrosion resistance, good high temperature characteristics, good creep resistance and can be strengthened by heat treatment to obtain good comprehensive mechanical properties, so that it can be developed to meet all aspects Requirements, so compared to other series of overhead wires, Al-Mg-Si alloys are the most widely studied and most commonly used.
随着Al-Mg-Si系合金被学术界的广泛研究，发现在该合金的抗拉强度与导电率之间存在对立关系，增加导电率就会降低抗拉强度这一规律被大家广泛证实和接受。并通过研究发现在获得与高强度合金差距不太大的电学性能和力学性能的情况下，中强度铝合金导线的电学性能远远高于高强度铝合金导线。根据中国能源行业标准，中强度铝合金线定义为：20℃时导电率不小于57.0％IACS，抗拉强度在230MPa～295MPa之间所有类型的铝合金线。With the extensive research of Al-Mg-Si alloys by the academic community, it was found that there is an opposite relationship between the tensile strength and electrical conductivity of the alloy, and the law that increasing the electrical conductivity will reduce the tensile strength has been widely confirmed and accepted by everyone. accept. And through research, it is found that the electrical properties of medium-strength aluminum alloy wires are much higher than those of high-strength aluminum alloy wires under the condition that the electrical and mechanical properties are not too far behind those of high-strength alloys. According to China's energy industry standards, medium-strength aluminum alloy wires are defined as: all types of aluminum alloy wires with a conductivity of not less than 57.0% IACS at 20°C and a tensile strength between 230MPa and 295MPa.
常规的6系铝合金导线强度每升高10Mpa，导电率就会减少1％左右，在保证不降低过多导线强度，导电率很难提高至62％IACS以上。When the strength of conventional 6-series aluminum alloy wire increases by 10Mpa, the conductivity will decrease by about 1%. It is difficult to increase the conductivity to above 62% IACS without reducing the strength of the wire too much.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供基于上述的中强Al-Mg-Si-Cu-Pr-Nd稀土铝合金材料，以解决现存电缆铝导线导电性能和力学性能的匹配问题。The object of the present invention is to provide the above-mentioned medium-strength Al-Mg-Si-Cu-Pr-Nd rare earth aluminum alloy material to solve the matching problem of the electrical conductivity and mechanical properties of the existing aluminum conductors of cables.
本发明可通过以下技术方案实现：The present invention can be realized through the following technical solutions:
一种稀土铝合金电力电缆材料，其含有Pr和Nd两种稀土元素。A rare earth aluminum alloy power cable material contains two rare earth elements, Pr and Nd.
所述稀土铝合金电力电缆材料中Pr和Nd两种稀土元素的重量百分比分别为：The weight percentages of Pr and Nd two kinds of rare earth elements in the rare earth aluminum alloy power cable material are respectively:
Pr 0.6wt％～0.8wt％，Pr 0.6wt% ~ 0.8wt%,
Nd 0.6wt％～0.8wt％。Nd 0.6wt% ~ 0.8wt%.
作为优选的，所述稀土铝合金电力电缆材料中Pr和Nd两种稀土元素的含量比例为：M(Pr)：M(Nd)＝1：1。Preferably, the content ratio of the rare earth elements Pr and Nd in the rare earth aluminum alloy power cable material is: M(Pr):M(Nd)=1:1.
所述稀土铝合金电力电缆材料中还含有Al、Mg、Si、Cu，其中Mg、Si、Cu三种元素的含量比为M(Mg)：M(Si)：M(Cu)＝(14-16)：(10-11)：(20-22)。The rare earth aluminum alloy power cable material also contains Al, Mg, Si, Cu, wherein the content ratio of Mg, Si, Cu three elements is M(Mg):M(Si):M(Cu)=(14- 16): (10-11): (20-22).
进一步优选的，所述稀土铝合金电力电缆材料由以下重量百分比的组分组成：Further preferably, the rare earth aluminum alloy power cable material consists of the following components by weight percentage:
一种稀土铝合金电力电缆材料的制备方法，包括如下步骤：A preparation method of a rare earth aluminum alloy power cable material, comprising the steps of:
(1)以纯Mg、Al-5％Si中间合金、纯铜、及Al-20％Pr、Al-20％Nd中间合金为原料，按以上所述的稀土铝合金电力电缆材料中各组分的比例进行配料；(1) Using pure Mg, Al-5% Si master alloy, pure copper, and Al-20% Pr, Al-20% Nd master alloy as raw materials, according to the composition of each component in the above-mentioned rare earth aluminum alloy power cable material Proportion for batching;
(2)将步骤(1)配好的材料在熔炼炉中，750℃～780℃熔炼；(2) Melting the prepared materials in step (1) in a melting furnace at 750°C to 780°C;
(3)将合金熔体浇注在模具内并搅拌，冷却得到铸锭；(3) Pouring the alloy melt into a mold and stirring, cooling to obtain an ingot;
(4)将铸锭挤压拉拔成导线，挤压温度为470℃～500℃，拉拔后对导线进行固溶和时效热处理，即得稀土铝合金电力电缆材料。(4) The ingot is extruded and drawn into a wire, and the extrusion temperature is 470°C to 500°C. After drawing, the wire is subjected to solid solution and aging heat treatment to obtain a rare earth aluminum alloy power cable material.
作为优选的，熔炼时加入多元复合精炼剂，精炼剂与熔炼配料质量比为(1～3)：100，除气后铸锭；所述多元复合精炼剂的组成包括：20wt％NaCl、20wt％KCl、35wt％NaF、25wt％LiF。As a preference, add multi-element compound refining agent during smelting, the mass ratio of refining agent to smelting ingredients is (1-3): 100, and cast ingot after degassing; the composition of said multi-element compound refining agent includes: 20wt% NaCl, 20wt% KCl, 35 wt% NaF, 25 wt% LiF.
作为优选的，搅拌时使用双向对流电磁搅拌，频率为15Hz～30Hz。Preferably, two-way convective electromagnetic stirring is used during stirring, and the frequency is 15Hz-30Hz.
作为优选的，步骤(4)固溶温度为530℃～560℃，时间为18-22h，处理完毕后室温水淬。Preferably, the solid solution temperature in step (4) is 530° C. to 560° C., and the time is 18-22 hours. After the treatment is completed, it is water quenched at room temperature.
作为优选的，步骤(4)热处理人工时效为165-180℃，时间6-10h，室温水淬。Preferably, step (4) heat treatment artificial aging is at 165-180° C. for 6-10 hours, and water quenching at room temperature.
本发明的有益效果是：The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1)添加元素组分含量比M(Mg):M(Si):M(Cu)＝(14-16):(10-11):(20-22)，由于添加稀土Pr和Nd具有扩散迟滞性，所以Mg、Si和Cu三种元素能首先全部反应，时效后析出强化相β’(Mg2Si)、S’(Al2CuMg)和θ’(Al2Cu)相，使沉淀相从过饱和固溶体中完全析出，无剩余，使固溶体中的电子散射减少，减少晶格畸变，使导电率增加。(1) The content ratio of added element components M(Mg):M(Si):M(Cu)=(14-16):(10-11):(20-22), due to the diffusion of rare earth Pr and Nd Hysteresis, so the three elements Mg, Si and Cu can all react first, and after aging, the strengthening phases β'(Mg 2 Si), S'(Al 2 CuMg) and θ'(Al 2 Cu) phases are precipitated, making the precipitated phase It is completely precipitated from the supersaturated solid solution without residue, which reduces electron scattering in the solid solution, reduces lattice distortion, and increases conductivity.
(2)本发明公开的稀土铝合金电缆材料具有优良的导电性能，并且还大大提升了导线的抗拉强度和延伸率。本发明公开的制备方法对电缆材料各种组分进行了调优配比，尤其是在等量添加稀土Pr和Nd后，M(Pr):M(Nd)＝1:1。在时效析出后，沉淀相为Al3(Pr,Nd)相，在透射电镜观察下该相为圆球状，具有L12立方的核壳结构，平均尺寸为12nm～30nm左右。由于Pr原子比Nd原子扩散速度慢，所以形成了以Nd原子聚集为中心，Pr原子聚集在中心外缘的核壳结构，所以Al3Pr抑制了从过饱和固溶体析出沉淀相的粗化作用，Al3Nd加速了Al3Pr相的析出，所以元素Pr和Nd具有协同作用。该时效后析出后的纳米尺度Al3(Pr,Nd)相不仅能提高合金强度，还可减少基体中的电子散射，使得合金导电率增加。(2) The rare earth aluminum alloy cable material disclosed in the present invention has excellent electrical conductivity, and also greatly improves the tensile strength and elongation of the wire. The preparation method disclosed in the present invention optimizes the ratio of various components of the cable material, especially after adding rare earth Pr and Nd in equal amounts, M(Pr):M(Nd)=1:1. After aging precipitation, the precipitated phase is Al 3 (Pr, Nd) phase, which is spherical in shape under the transmission electron microscope, with an L1 2 cubic core-shell structure, and the average size is about 12nm-30nm. Since the diffusion rate of Pr atoms is slower than that of Nd atoms, a core-shell structure with Nd atoms gathered as the center and Pr atoms gathered on the outer edge of the center is formed, so Al 3 Pr inhibits the coarsening of the precipitation phase from the supersaturated solid solution, Al 3 Nd accelerates the precipitation of Al 3 Pr phase, so elements Pr and Nd have a synergistic effect. The nanoscale Al 3 (Pr, Nd) phase precipitated after aging can not only improve the strength of the alloy, but also reduce electron scattering in the matrix, so that the conductivity of the alloy increases.
(3)在热处理(固溶+时效):530℃～560℃/18-22h+175℃/6h，制定的固溶温度和时间能把所有铸态生成的强化相β(Mg2Si)、S(Al2CuMg)和θ(Al2Cu)溶于基体中，无残留强化相；在175℃峰值时效温度下，所有的强化相重新析出成β’(Mg2Si)、S’(Al2CuMg)和θ’(Al2Cu)弥散沉淀强化相，均匀分布在基体表面，在峰值时效时间6h下，此时所有沉淀强化相为尺寸最为细小，并通过具有协同作用的Al3(Pr,Nd)相，抑制了其他沉淀强化相的长大粗化速率，提高了合金导电性和强度。并结合无污染的低频电磁搅拌技术非常显著的提高了电缆材料的导电性、抗拉强度、抗蠕变性能高及延伸率。同时制备过程简单且对环境不造成污染，适用于批量生产。(3) During heat treatment (solid solution + aging): 530℃～560℃/18-22h+175℃/6h, the formulated solution temperature and time can make all the strengthening phase β(Mg 2 Si), S(Al 2 CuMg) and θ(Al 2 Cu) dissolve in the matrix, leaving no strengthening phase; at the peak aging temperature of 175°C, all strengthening phases re-precipitate into β'(Mg 2 Si), S'(Al 2 CuMg) and θ'(Al 2 Cu) dispersed precipitation-strengthening phases, which are evenly distributed on the surface of the matrix. Under the peak aging time of 6h, all the precipitation-strengthening phases are the smallest in size at this time, and pass through the synergistic Al 3 (Pr , Nd) phase, which inhibits the growth and coarsening rate of other precipitation strengthening phases, and improves the conductivity and strength of the alloy. Combined with the non-polluting low-frequency electromagnetic stirring technology, the electrical conductivity, tensile strength, high creep resistance and elongation of the cable material are significantly improved. At the same time, the preparation process is simple and does not cause pollution to the environment, and is suitable for mass production.
本发明制备的中强Al-Mg-Si-Cu-Pr-Nd稀土铝合金电力电缆材料，其力学性能指标如下：抗拉强度范260-290MPa；延伸率15～20％；电导率62％IACS～64％IACS。The medium-strength Al-Mg-Si-Cu-Pr-Nd rare earth aluminum alloy power cable material prepared by the present invention has the following mechanical performance indicators: tensile strength range 260-290MPa; elongation 15-20%; electrical conductivity 62% IACS ~64% IACS.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是实验的最终样品；Figure 1 is the final sample of the experiment;
图2是样品均匀化后的金相显微组织；Fig. 2 is the metallographic microstructure after sample homogenization;
图3是样品的透射图。Figure 3 is a transmission image of the sample.
具体实施方式detailed description
Al-Mg-Si系铝合金是热处理可强化铝合金，中强度高导电率铝合金需要结合合金的各种强化措施主要包括细晶强化、时效强化。Al-Mg-Si系合金的时效析出序列为：饱和固溶体→Mg/Si原子团簇→GP(Ⅰ)区(→GP(Ⅱ)区)→β’相→β’相→β相。合金中强化相主要是β’(Mg2Si)相，通过时效析出弥散的β’相进行沉淀强化。中强高导铝合金导线要有良好的力学性能，应该控制M(Mg/Si)<1.65，过剩Si原子会从基体中析出，减小基体的晶格畸变，有利于导电性能的提高，Mg含量每增加1％，电阻会增加0.54×10-8Ω·m，所以控制M(Mg/Si)比可以控制合金导电性能的大小。同时，在Al-Mg-Si合金中添加Cu后，当Cu含量较多且M(Mg/Si)<1.65时，可能形成S’(Al2CuMg)和θ’(Al2Cu)相。当M(Mg):M(Si):M(Cu)＝(14-16):(10-11):(20-22)，元素能全部反应，时效后析出强化相β’(Mg2Si)、S’(Al2CuMg)和θ’(Al2Cu)相，使沉淀相从过饱和固溶体中完全析出，无剩余，所以使固溶体中电子散射减少，减少晶格畸变，也阻碍了沉淀强化相的粗化速率，从而使合金的导电性和强度有大幅度的提升。Al-Mg-Si series aluminum alloys are heat-treatable aluminum alloys that can be strengthened. Medium-strength and high-conductivity aluminum alloys need to be combined with various strengthening measures for alloys, mainly including fine-grain strengthening and aging strengthening. The aging precipitation sequence of Al-Mg-Si alloys is: saturated solid solution→Mg/Si atomic clusters→GP(Ⅰ) region (→GP(Ⅱ) region)→β'phase→β'phase→βphase. The strengthening phase in the alloy is mainly β'(Mg 2 Si) phase, and the dispersed β' phase is precipitated by aging for precipitation strengthening. For medium-strength and high-conductivity aluminum alloy wires to have good mechanical properties, M(Mg/Si) should be controlled to <1.65, and excess Si atoms will be precipitated from the matrix, reducing the lattice distortion of the matrix, which is conducive to the improvement of electrical conductivity. Mg Every time the content increases by 1%, the resistance will increase by 0.54×10 -8 Ω·m, so controlling the M(Mg/Si) ratio can control the conductivity of the alloy. At the same time, after adding Cu to Al-Mg-Si alloy, when the Cu content is high and M(Mg/Si)<1.65, S'(Al 2 CuMg) and θ'(Al 2 Cu) phases may be formed. When M(Mg):M(Si):M(Cu)=(14-16):(10-11):(20-22), the elements can all react, and the strengthening phase β'(Mg 2 Si ), S'(Al 2 CuMg) and θ'(Al 2 Cu) phases, so that the precipitated phase is completely precipitated from the supersaturated solid solution without residue, so the electron scattering in the solid solution is reduced, the lattice distortion is reduced, and the precipitation is also hindered Strengthen the coarsening rate of the phase, so that the electrical conductivity and strength of the alloy are greatly improved.
随着时效的温度与时间增加，沉淀强化相会随之缓慢的粗化，此时添加稀土元素组分含量比M(Pr):M(Nd)＝1:1，通过时效能析出沉淀相Al3(Pr,Nd)相，该相为纳米尺度相，Pr和Nd由于扩散速度的差异能形成核壳结构，减缓了β’(Mg2Si)、S’(Al2CuMg)和θ’(Al2Cu)相的长大速率，并通过等比稀土添加，在固溶体中能完全生成Al3(Pr,Nd)相，无剩余Pr和Nd原子，进一步的减少了固溶体中的电子散射，提高了合金导电率和强度。As the temperature and time of aging increase, the precipitation strengthening phase will gradually coarsen. At this time, the content ratio of rare earth elements M(Pr):M(Nd)=1:1 is added, and the precipitation phase Al can be precipitated through aging. 3 (Pr,Nd) phase, which is a nano-scale phase. Pr and Nd can form a core-shell structure due to the difference in diffusion speed, which slows down the β'(Mg 2 Si), S'(Al 2 CuMg) and θ'( Al 2 Cu) phase growth rate, and through the addition of equal proportions of rare earths, the Al 3 (Pr, Nd) phase can be completely generated in the solid solution without remaining Pr and Nd atoms, which further reduces the electron scattering in the solid solution and improves Alloy conductivity and strength.
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步的说明，但并不局限于此。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the examples, but not limited thereto.
实施例1Example 1
(1)按照组成元素重量百分比取Mg:1.7wt％、Si:1.2wt％、Cu:2.4wt％、Pr:0.5wt％、Nd:0.6wt％、余量为Al。将上述材料在熔炼炉中进行高温熔炼，温度为750℃，直至熔融为止；(1) Mg: 1.7wt%, Si: 1.2wt%, Cu: 2.4wt%, Pr: 0.5wt%, Nd: 0.6wt%, and the balance is Al according to the weight percentage of the constituent elements. The above materials are smelted at a high temperature in a smelting furnace at a temperature of 750°C until they are melted;
(2)按精炼剂与熔炼配料质量比为1：100的比例添加精炼剂(20wt％NaCl+20wt％KCl+35wt％NaF+25wt％LiF)进行除气后，静置10min；(2) Add refining agent (20wt%NaCl+20wt%KCl+35wt%NaF+25wt%LiF) according to the mass ratio of refining agent to smelting ingredients of 1:100 for degassing, then let stand for 10min;
(3)将合金熔体浇注在电磁搅拌装置中的圆柱模具内，进行低频电磁搅拌15Hz，时间为30s，随后水冷成为铸锭；(3) Pouring the alloy melt into a cylindrical mold in an electromagnetic stirring device, performing low-frequency electromagnetic stirring at 15 Hz for 30 s, and then water-cooling to become an ingot;
(4)将铸锭进行挤压拉拔，挤压温度为470℃，拉拔后导线直径为6mm；(4) Squeeze and draw the cast ingot, the extrusion temperature is 470°C, and the wire diameter after drawing is 6mm;
(5)拉拔后对导线进行热处理(固溶+时效):530℃/10h+165℃/6h，热处理为制备铝合金电缆材料。(5) Heat treatment (solid solution + aging) on the wire after drawing: 530°C/10h+165°C/6h, heat treatment is used to prepare aluminum alloy cable materials.
实施例2Example 2
(1)按照组成元素重量百分比取Mg:1.8wt％、Si:1.2wt％、Cu:2.6wt％、Pr:0.6wt％、Nd:0.7wt％、余量为Al。将上述材料在熔炼炉中进行高温熔炼，温度为760℃，直至熔融为止；(1) Mg: 1.8wt%, Si: 1.2wt%, Cu: 2.6wt%, Pr: 0.6wt%, Nd: 0.7wt%, and the balance is Al according to the weight percentage of the constituent elements. The above materials are smelted at a high temperature in a smelting furnace at a temperature of 760°C until they are melted;
(2)按精炼剂与熔炼配料质量比为2：100的比例添加精炼剂(20wt％NaCl+20wt％KCl+35wt％NaF+25wt％LiF)进行除气后，静置10min；(2) Add refining agent (20wt% NaCl+20wt% KCl+35wt% NaF+25wt% LiF) according to the mass ratio of refining agent and smelting ingredients in the ratio of 2:100 for degassing, then let it stand for 10 minutes;
(3)将合金熔体浇注在电磁搅拌装置中的圆柱模具内，进行低频电磁搅拌20Hz，时间为30s，随后水冷成为铸锭；(3) Pouring the alloy melt into a cylindrical mold in an electromagnetic stirring device, performing low-frequency electromagnetic stirring at 20 Hz for 30 s, and then water-cooling to become an ingot;
(4)将铸锭进行挤压拉拔，挤压温度为480℃，拉拔后导线直径为6mm；(4) Squeeze and draw the cast ingot, the extrusion temperature is 480°C, and the wire diameter after drawing is 6mm;
(5)拉拔后对导线进行热处理(固溶+时效):540℃/20h+170℃/6h，热处理为制备铝合金电缆材料。(5) Heat treatment (solid solution + aging) on the wire after drawing: 540°C/20h+170°C/6h, heat treatment is used to prepare aluminum alloy cable materials.
实施例3Example 3
(1)按照组成元素重量百分比取Mg:1.9wt％、Si:1.3wt％、Cu:2.4wt％、Pr:0.6wt％、Nd:0.6wt％、余量为Al。将上述材料在熔炼炉中进行高温熔炼，温度为770℃，直至熔融为止；(1) Mg: 1.9wt%, Si: 1.3wt%, Cu: 2.4wt%, Pr: 0.6wt%, Nd: 0.6wt%, and the balance is Al according to the weight percentage of the constituent elements. The above materials are smelted at a high temperature in a smelting furnace at a temperature of 770°C until they are melted;
(2)按精炼剂与熔炼配料质量比为1：100的比例添加精炼剂(20wt％NaCl+20wt％KCl+35wt％NaF+25wt％LiF)进行除气后，静置10min；(2) Add refining agent (20wt%NaCl+20wt%KCl+35wt%NaF+25wt%LiF) according to the mass ratio of refining agent to smelting ingredients of 1:100 for degassing, then let stand for 10min;
(3)将合金熔体浇注在电磁搅拌装置中的圆柱模具内，进行低频电磁搅拌25Hz，时间为30s，随后水冷成为铸锭；(3) Pouring the alloy melt into a cylindrical mold in an electromagnetic stirring device, performing low-frequency electromagnetic stirring at 25 Hz for 30 s, and then water-cooling to become an ingot;
(4)将铸锭进行挤压拉拔，挤压温度为490℃，拉拔后导线直径为6mm；(4) Squeeze and draw the cast ingot, the extrusion temperature is 490°C, and the wire diameter after drawing is 6mm;
(5)拉拔后对导线进行热处理(固溶+时效):550℃/22h+175℃/6h，热处理为制备铝合金电缆材料。(5) Heat treatment (solid solution + aging) on the wire after drawing: 550°C/22h+175°C/6h, heat treatment is used to prepare aluminum alloy cable materials.
实施例4Example 4
(1)按照组成元素重量百分比取Mg:2.0wt％、Si:1.3wt％、Cu:2.6wt％、Pr:0.6wt％、Nd:0.8wt％、余量为Al。将上述材料在熔炼炉中进行高温熔炼，温度为780℃，直至熔融为止；(1) Mg: 2.0wt%, Si: 1.3wt%, Cu: 2.6wt%, Pr: 0.6wt%, Nd: 0.8wt%, and the balance is Al according to the weight percentage of the constituent elements. The above materials are smelted at a high temperature in a smelting furnace at a temperature of 780°C until they are melted;
(2)按精炼剂与熔炼配料质量比为3：100的比例添加精炼剂(20wt％NaCl+20wt％KCl+35wt％NaF+25wt％LiF)进行除气后，静置10min(2) Add refining agent (20wt% NaCl + 20wt% KCl + 35wt% NaF + 25wt% LiF) according to the ratio of refining agent to smelting ingredients in a mass ratio of 3:100 for degassing, then let it stand for 10 minutes
(3)将合金熔体浇注在电磁搅拌装置中的圆柱模具内，进行低频电磁搅拌30Hz，时间为30s，随后水冷成为铸锭；(3) Pouring the alloy melt into a cylindrical mold in an electromagnetic stirring device, performing low-frequency electromagnetic stirring at 30 Hz for 30 s, and then water-cooling to become an ingot;
(4)将铸锭进行挤压拉拔，挤压温度为500℃，拉拔后导线直径为6mm；(4) Squeeze and draw the cast ingot, the extrusion temperature is 500°C, and the wire diameter after drawing is 6mm;
(5)拉拔后对导线进行热处理(固溶+时效):555℃/21h+175℃/8h，热处理为制备铝合金电缆材料。(5) Heat treatment (solid solution + aging) on the wire after drawing: 555°C/21h+175°C/8h, heat treatment is used to prepare aluminum alloy cable materials.
实施例5Example 5
(1)按照组成元素重量百分比取Mg:2.0wt％、Si:1.4wt％、Cu:2.8wt％、Pr:0.8wt％、Nd:0.6wt％、余量为Al。将上述材料在熔炼炉中进行高温熔炼，温度为780℃，直至熔融为止；(1) Mg: 2.0wt%, Si: 1.4wt%, Cu: 2.8wt%, Pr: 0.8wt%, Nd: 0.6wt%, and the balance is Al according to the weight percentage of the constituent elements. The above materials are smelted at a high temperature in a smelting furnace at a temperature of 780°C until they are melted;
(2)按精炼剂与熔炼配料质量比为1：100的比例添加精炼剂(20wt％NaCl+20wt％KCl+35wt％NaF+25wt％LiF)进行除气后，静置10min；(2) Add refining agent (20wt%NaCl+20wt%KCl+35wt%NaF+25wt%LiF) according to the mass ratio of refining agent to smelting ingredients of 1:100 for degassing, then let stand for 10min;
(3)将合金熔体浇注在电磁搅拌装置中的圆柱模具内，进行低频电磁搅拌30Hz，时间为30s，随后水冷成为铸锭；(3) Pouring the alloy melt into a cylindrical mold in an electromagnetic stirring device, performing low-frequency electromagnetic stirring at 30 Hz for 30 s, and then water-cooling to become an ingot;
(4)将铸锭进行挤压拉拔，挤压温度为500℃，拉拔后导线直径为6mm；(4) Squeeze and draw the cast ingot, the extrusion temperature is 500°C, and the wire diameter after drawing is 6mm;
(5)拉拔后对导线进行热处理(固溶+时效):560℃/19h+180℃/10h，热处理为制备铝合金电缆材料。(5) Heat treatment (solid solution + aging) on the wire after drawing: 560°C/19h+180°C/10h, heat treatment is used to prepare aluminum alloy cable materials.
实施例6Example 6
(1)按照组成元素重量百分比取Mg:1.7wt％、Si:1.2wt％、Cu:2.4wt％、余量为Al。将上述材料在熔炼炉中进行高温熔炼，温度为750℃，直至熔融为止；(1) Mg: 1.7wt%, Si: 1.2wt%, Cu: 2.4wt%, and Al in the balance according to the weight percentage of the constituent elements. The above materials are smelted at a high temperature in a smelting furnace at a temperature of 750°C until they are melted;
(2)按精炼剂与熔炼配料质量比为1：100的比例添加精炼剂(20wt％NaCl+20wt％KCl+35wt％NaF+25wt％LiF)进行除气后，静置10min；(2) Add refining agent (20wt%NaCl+20wt%KCl+35wt%NaF+25wt%LiF) according to the mass ratio of refining agent to smelting ingredients of 1:100 for degassing, then let stand for 10min;
(3)将合金熔体浇注在电磁搅拌装置中的圆柱模具内，进行低频电磁搅拌15Hz，时间为30s，随后水冷成为铸锭；(3) Pouring the alloy melt into a cylindrical mold in an electromagnetic stirring device, performing low-frequency electromagnetic stirring at 15 Hz for 30 s, and then water-cooling to become an ingot;
(4)将铸锭进行挤压拉拔，挤压温度为470℃，拉拔后导线直径为6mm；(4) Squeeze and draw the cast ingot, the extrusion temperature is 470°C, and the wire diameter after drawing is 6mm;
(5)拉拔后对导线进行热处理(固溶+时效):530℃/10h+165℃/6h，热处理为制备铝合金电缆材料。(5) Heat treatment (solid solution + aging) on the wire after drawing: 530°C/10h+165°C/6h, heat treatment is used to prepare aluminum alloy cable materials.
实施例7Example 7
(1)按照组成元素重量百分比取Mg:2.0wt％、Si:1.4wt％、Cu:2.8wt％、Pr:0.8wt％、Nd:0.6wt％、余量为Al。将上述材料在熔炼炉中进行高温熔炼，温度为780℃，直至熔融为止(不添加精炼剂)；(1) Mg: 2.0wt%, Si: 1.4wt%, Cu: 2.8wt%, Pr: 0.8wt%, Nd: 0.6wt%, and the balance is Al according to the weight percentage of the constituent elements. The above materials are smelted at a high temperature in a smelting furnace at a temperature of 780°C until they are melted (no refining agent is added);
(2)将合金熔体浇注在电磁搅拌装置中的圆柱模具内，进行低频电磁搅拌30Hz，时间为30s，随后水冷成为铸锭；(2) Pouring the alloy melt into a cylindrical mold in an electromagnetic stirring device, performing low-frequency electromagnetic stirring at 30 Hz for 30 s, and then water-cooling to become an ingot;
(3)将铸锭进行挤压拉拔，挤压温度为500℃，拉拔后导线直径为6mm；(3) Squeeze and draw the cast ingot, the extrusion temperature is 500°C, and the wire diameter after drawing is 6mm;
(4)拉拔后对导线进行热处理(固溶+时效):560℃/20h+180℃/6h，热处理为制备铝合金电缆材料。(4) Heat treatment (solid solution + aging) on the wire after drawing: 560°C/20h+180°C/6h, heat treatment is used to prepare aluminum alloy cable materials.
实施例8Example 8
(1)按照组成元素重量百分比取Mg:0.1wt％、Si:2wt％、Cu:0.1wt％、Pr:0.6wt％、Nd:0.6w t％、余量为Al。将上述材料在熔炼炉中进行高温熔炼，温度为780℃，直至熔融为止；(1) Mg: 0.1wt%, Si: 2wt%, Cu: 0.1wt%, Pr: 0.6wt%, Nd: 0.6wt%, and the balance is Al according to the weight percentage of the constituent elements. The above materials are smelted at a high temperature in a smelting furnace at a temperature of 780°C until they are melted;
(2)按精炼剂与熔炼配料质量比为1：100的比例添加精炼剂(20wt％NaCl+20wt％KCl+35wt％NaF+25wt％LiF)进行除气后，静置10min；(2) Add refining agent (20wt%NaCl+20wt%KCl+35wt%NaF+25wt%LiF) according to the mass ratio of refining agent to smelting ingredients of 1:100 for degassing, then let stand for 10min;
(3)将合金熔体浇注在电磁搅拌装置中的圆柱模具内，进行低频电磁搅拌30Hz，时间为30s，随后水冷成为铸锭；(3) Pouring the alloy melt into a cylindrical mold in an electromagnetic stirring device, performing low-frequency electromagnetic stirring at 30 Hz for 30 s, and then water-cooling to become an ingot;
(4)将铸锭进行挤压拉拔，挤压温度为500℃，拉拔后导线直径为6mm；(4) Squeeze and draw the cast ingot, the extrusion temperature is 500°C, and the wire diameter after drawing is 6mm;
(5)拉拔后对导线进行热处理(固溶+时效):560℃/20h+180℃/6h，热处理为制备铝合金电缆材料。(5) Heat treatment (solid solution + aging) on the wire after drawing: 560°C/20h+180°C/6h, heat treatment is used to prepare aluminum alloy cable materials.
实施例9Example 9
(1)按照组成元素重量百分比取Mg:2.5wt％、Si:2.5wt％、Cu:2.5wt％、Pr:0.5wt％、Nd:0.5wt％、余量为Al。将上述材料在熔炼炉中进行高温熔炼，温度为780℃，直至熔融为止；(1) Mg: 2.5wt%, Si: 2.5wt%, Cu: 2.5wt%, Pr: 0.5wt%, Nd: 0.5wt%, and the balance is Al according to the weight percentage of the constituent elements. The above materials are smelted at a high temperature in a smelting furnace at a temperature of 780°C until they are melted;
(2)按精炼剂与熔炼配料质量比为1：100的比例添加精炼剂(20wt％NaCl+20wt％KCl+35wt％NaF+25wt％LiF)进行除气后，静置10min；(2) Add refining agent (20wt%NaCl+20wt%KCl+35wt%NaF+25wt%LiF) according to the mass ratio of refining agent to smelting ingredients of 1:100 for degassing, then let stand for 10min;
(3)将合金熔体浇注在电磁搅拌装置中的圆柱模具内，进行低频电磁搅拌30Hz，时间为30s，随后水冷成为铸锭；(3) Pouring the alloy melt into a cylindrical mold in an electromagnetic stirring device, performing low-frequency electromagnetic stirring at 30 Hz for 30 s, and then water-cooling to become an ingot;
(4)将铸锭进行挤压拉拔，挤压温度为500℃，拉拔后导线直径为6mm；(4) Squeeze and draw the cast ingot, the extrusion temperature is 500°C, and the wire diameter after drawing is 6mm;
(5)拉拔后对导线进行热处理(固溶+时效):500℃/20h+150℃/15h，热处理为制备铝合金电缆材料。(5) Heat treatment (solid solution + aging) on the wire after drawing: 500°C/20h+150°C/15h, heat treatment is used to prepare aluminum alloy cable materials.
上述的新型中强Al-Mg-Si-Cu-Pr-Nd稀土铝合金电缆材料性能如下：The properties of the above-mentioned new medium-strength Al-Mg-Si-Cu-Pr-Nd rare earth aluminum alloy cable material are as follows:
本发明制备的中强Al-Mg-Si-Cu-Pr-Nd稀土铝合金电力电缆材料，其力学性能指标如下：抗拉强度范260-290MPa；延伸率15～20％；电导率62％IACS～64％IACS。The medium-strength Al-Mg-Si-Cu-Pr-Nd rare earth aluminum alloy power cable material prepared by the present invention has the following mechanical performance indicators: tensile strength range 260-290MPa; elongation 15-20%; electrical conductivity 62% IACS ~64% IACS.
以上实施例仅为介绍本发明的优选案例，对于本领域技术人员来说，在不背离本发明精神的范围内所进行的任何显而易见的变化和改进，都应被视为本发明的一部分。The above embodiments are only preferred cases for introducing the present invention. For those skilled in the art, any obvious changes and improvements made within the scope of not departing from the spirit of the present invention should be regarded as a part of the present invention.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108425044A (en) * | 2018-06-12 | 2018-08-21 | 金寨县鑫和新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of high intensity rare-earth containing aluminium alloy material and preparation method thereof |
| CN108485139A (en) * | 2018-04-10 | 2018-09-04 | 苏州耐思特塑胶有限公司 | The preparation method of the ageing-resistant insulated cable material of high temperature resistant |
| CN108559156A (en) * | 2018-04-10 | 2018-09-21 | 苏州耐思特塑胶有限公司 | The preparation method of oil resistant flexible cable material |
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| CN108485139A (en) * | 2018-04-10 | 2018-09-04 | 苏州耐思特塑胶有限公司 | The preparation method of the ageing-resistant insulated cable material of high temperature resistant |
| CN108559156A (en) * | 2018-04-10 | 2018-09-21 | 苏州耐思特塑胶有限公司 | The preparation method of oil resistant flexible cable material |
| CN108425044A (en) * | 2018-06-12 | 2018-08-21 | 金寨县鑫和新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of high intensity rare-earth containing aluminium alloy material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN106834838B (en) | 2018-08-21 |
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