CN106518498A - Composite foliar fertilizer for tobacco, and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a tobacco leaf fertilizer, which is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-50 parts of organic fertilizer extract, 10-60 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 5-25 parts of biochemical potassium fulvic acid 0.1-2 parts of diethyl diethylethylhexanoate, 0.05-3 parts of surfactant, 0.1-2 parts of azadirachtin, 1-10 parts of magnesium sulfate, 0.1-8 parts of EDTA-Fe, 0.1-5 parts of EDTA-Zn, EDTA ‑Cu 0.05-2 parts, boric acid 0.05-7 parts; the tobacco leaf fertilizer provided by the invention has good water solubility, and the components cooperate with each other, which is beneficial to the absorption and utilization of the leaves; it can effectively regulate the substance metabolism in the tobacco plant and promote the growth and development of the tobacco plant , improve the quality of tobacco leaf products, increase aroma substances, enhance disease resistance, and reduce the use of pesticides. It is a green, environmentally friendly, safe, and multi-effect organic foliar fertilizer.

Description

A kind of tobacco compound foliage fertilizer and its preparation method and application

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of foliar fertilizers, in particular to a tobacco composite multi-effect foliar fertilizer for increasing the content of total sugar, reducing sugar and potassium in tobacco leaves and its preparation method and application.

Background technique

Tobacco leaf is a commodity for people to smoke. The quality, usability, and economic value of tobacco leaves are closely related to people's health and living needs. High-quality tobacco leaves require sufficient aroma, pure aroma, mellow taste, comfortable aftertaste, and good safety. However, at present, tobacco leaf production often encounters problems such as insufficient aroma, poor taste, and insufficient oil content. Organic fertilizers (especially cake fertilizers) are used. It can improve the quality of tobacco leaves, increase the aroma of tobacco leaves, improve the taste, and facilitate the accumulation of sugar and aroma, thus endowing tobacco leaves with excellent quality.

Foliar fertilizer is a general term for fertilizers that provide nutrients to crops through crop leaves. Foliar fertilizer is a type of fertilizer that exerts basic functions by applying nutrients to the surface of crop leaves and absorbing them through leaves. The characteristics of applying foliar fertilizer are very prominent: strong pertinence, fast operation of nutrient absorption, less usage, significant yield increase effect, making up for the lack of nutrient absorption by roots, and avoiding the fixation of certain nutrients by the soil. Spraying foliar fertilizers on the leaves is the best way to supplement various nutrients. Cake fertilizer extracts liquid organic fertilizer, which is absorbed and operated through the leaf surface, and the effect is quick, avoiding the slow effect of organic fertilizer in the soil and the late maturity of tobacco leaves.

At present, there is an urgent need to develop a foliar fertilizer that can comprehensively improve the smoking quality, plant traits and yield traits of flue-cured tobacco leaves.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a foliar fertilizer for tobacco, aiming at improving the smoking quality and yield of tobacco leaves after application, especially increasing the total sugar, reducing sugar and potassium content of tobacco leaves.

In addition, the invention also provides the preparation method of the tobacco compound foliage fertilizer and its application on tobacco leaves.

A tobacco composite foliage fertilizer provided by the invention is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-50 parts of organic fertilizer extract, 10-60 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 5-25 parts of biochemical potassium fulvic acid, amine 0.1-2 parts of fresh ester, 0.05-3 parts of surfactant, 0.1-2 parts of azadirachtin, 1-10 parts of magnesium sulfate, 0.1-8 parts of EDTA-Fe, 0.1-5 parts of EDTA-Zn, 0.1-5 parts of EDTA-Cu. 05-2 parts, 0.05-7 parts of boric acid;

The organic fertilizer extraction solution is an aqueous solution of a microbial fermentation product of a mixture of rapeseed meal, soybean meal and sesame meal; the weight ratio of the rapeseed meal, soybean meal and sesame meal is 1-5:1-5: 1~5.

In the present invention, the various components and proportions of the tobacco compound foliar fertilizer are coordinated with each other, have good water solubility, are easy to absorb and utilize on the leaves of tobacco leaves, can effectively coordinate and regulate the metabolism of substances in the tobacco body, promote the growth and development of tobacco plants, and improve the quality of tobacco leaves. Product quality, increase aroma substances, induce tobacco to enhance disease resistance, and reduce pesticide use; it is a green, environmentally friendly, safe, multi-effect organic foliar fertilizer.

In the present invention, the above-mentioned components and proportions can solve the antagonism between the multivalent metal ions mentioned in the components while using elements, and then convert them into chelated nutrients that are easily absorbed by tobacco leaves. After being absorbed and utilized by crops, foliar spraying of medium and trace element fertilizers can activate physiological and biochemical functions, enhance crop vitality, improve stress resistance, and enhance crop disease resistance, which has a good effect on increasing crop yield and improving quality.

The preparation method of the organic fertilizer extract is as follows: mixing the soybean meal, rapeseed meal and sesame meal, adjusting the water content at 40% to 60%; then spraying the microbial agent, and keeping it at 55 to 70°C for 7 After ~20 days, turn the heap and decompose to obtain organic fertilizer; then carry out microwave extraction according to the weight ratio of organic fertilizer and water of 1:10-25, and extract to obtain organic fertilizer extract.

The organic fertilizer extract solution of the present invention uses the soybean meal, rapeseed meal and sesame meal in the weight ratio as raw materials, adopts the composting fermentation method and microwave extraction of amino acids, and under the fermentation conditions described, it is helpful to obtain It is a compound foliage fertilizer with good chelating effect, rich and stable amino acid content and high nutritional value; and the synergistic combination with other components described in the present invention helps to further improve the quality of tobacco leaves after application.

In the present invention, the compatible soybean meal, rapeseed meal, and sesame meal contain various reasonable mineral nutrients and organic nutrients such as crude protein, crude fat, organic acid, various amino acids, and small peptides. Cooperating with the above fermentation method, active substances such as nucleotides, indoleic acid, gibberellic acid, and fulvic acid can be produced, which can help improve biological activity, stimulate crop growth and development, improve enzyme activity, and enhance disease resistance and stress resistance It has a special effect and significance on improving the quality of tobacco leaves.

As a preference, the microbial agent is miscellaneous dregs fermentation bacteria; it contains at least one of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus natto, lactic acid bacteria, Lactobacillus plantarum, Enterococcus faecalis, Aspergillus oryzae, protease, cellulase, and yeast .

The microbial agent used can be an existing commercial agent, such as the miscellaneous meal fermentation bacteria provided by Cangzhou Wangfa Biotechnology Research Institute Co., Ltd., containing Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus natto, lactic acid bacteria, Lactobacillus plantarum, feces Enterococcus, Aspergillus oryzae, protease, cellulase, yeast, etc.

Preferably, based on the total weight of soybean meal, rapeseed meal and sesame meal, the weight percentage of the microbial agent is 0.01-1%.

The organic fertilizer extract of the present invention can be prepared in a variety of ways, preferably, the organic fertilizer extract of the present invention is made by the following preparation method:

(1) Weigh all the raw materials according to the formula, adjust the water content at 40%-60%, adjust the carbon-nitrogen ratio at 20-35:1, spray 0.01-1% microbial agent (based on the total weight of raw materials), turn over and mix uniform;

(2) Use a thermometer to measure the compost temperature every day, turn over and mix the compost, and measure the water content in the compost to ensure that the water content in the compost is 45% to 60% during the high temperature period until it is completely decomposed.

(3) Take the decomposed organic fertilizer, carry out microwave extraction according to the fertilizer-water ratio of 1:10-25, and extract for 60-90 hours to obtain the organic fertilizer extract.

As a preference, the tobacco compound foliage fertilizer is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25-50 parts of organic fertilizer extract, 20-32.5 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 10-16.5 parts of biochemical potassium fulvic acid, amine Fresh ester 0.5-0.8 parts, surfactant 1-2 parts, azadirachtin 0.4-0.8 parts, magnesium sulfate 6.5-8 parts, EDTA-Fe 1-2 parts, EDTA-Zn 0.5-1 parts, EDTA-Cu0. 2 to 0.5 parts, 0.08 to 0.9 parts of boric acid.

Under the preferred ratio of tobacco compound foliage fertilizer, it is further preferred that the organic fertilizer extract is the fermentation of rapeseed meal, soybean meal and sesame meal with a weight ratio of 4 to 5:1 to 2:3 to 5. The aqueous solution of the substance; wherein, during the fermentation process, the water content is adjusted at 55% to 60%, based on the weight of rapeseed meal, soybean meal and sesame meal, the weight of microbial agent added is 0.4 to 0.5%, and the heap is 60 to 60%. Keep at 70°C for 10-15 days, turn over and decompose to obtain organic fertilizer; then carry out microwave extraction according to the weight ratio of organic fertilizer and water of 1:8-10, and extract to obtain organic fertilizer extract.

A more preferred tobacco compound foliage fertilizer is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of organic fertilizer extract, 32.5 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 16.5 parts of biochemical potassium fulvic acid, 0.5 part of diethyl diethyl hexanoate, 1 part of surfactant, 0.4 part of azadirachtin, 6.5 parts of magnesium sulfate, 1 part of EDTA-Fe, 0.5 part of EDTA-Zn, 0.2 part of EDTA-Cu, 0.9 part of boric acid.

Most preferably, in the preparation process of the organic fertilizer extract, the weight ratio of rapeseed meal, soybean meal and sesame meal is 5:2:3. Based on the total weight of soybean meal, rapeseed meal and sesame meal, the weight percentage of microbial inoculant is 0.5%.

The tobacco compound foliar fertilizer of the present invention, its surfactant is Tween 80 or alkyl polyglucoside.

The preferred described non-ionic surfactant of the present invention, cooperates under the component and the ratio of described tobacco leaf compound foliage fertilizer, can promote spraying liquid to permeate to blade interior, can also increase the hygroscopicity of spraying liquid, Heat preservation and the ability to adhere to the leaf surface, therefore, prolong the time for the leaves to absorb nutrients and increase the leaves' absorption of nutrients.

The preparation method of the tobacco compound foliage fertilizer of the present invention is obtained by mixing the prepared organic fertilizer extract and other components according to the weight percentage.

The invention also provides the application of the tobacco compound foliar fertilizer in tobacco planting, which is sprayed on the front and back sides of the leaves during the long-term prosperity of tobacco plants, on the day of topping and 10 days after topping.

In the present invention, the various materials and proportions of the tobacco leaf compound foliage fertilizer have good water solubility, high activity, strong adhesion, good complexing ability, surface activity and hygroscopicity, and are easily absorbed by the tobacco leaf surface. It is also conducive to the penetration of carbon dioxide and contributes to photosynthesis. In addition, the tobacco leaf compound foliage fertilizer has good effects on the production increase, sterilization, desinsection of tobacco leaves, improvement of tobacco leaf smoking quality, and improvement of flue-cured tobacco output and quality. promotion.

In addition, the tobacco leaf compound foliar fertilizer of the present invention can effectively increase the content of chlorophyll, protein and nucleic acid and the photosynthetic rate in the plant, improve the activity of peroxidase and nitrate reductase, promote the carbon and nitrogen metabolism of the plant, and enhance Plants absorb water and fertilizer and accumulate dry matter, regulate water balance in the body, enhance crop resistance to disease, drought, and cold, so as to achieve the effect of increasing production and quality.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The invention provides a tobacco composite foliar fertilizer with good effect, low cost and comprehensive effects, which can regulate the metabolism of tobacco in vivo, improve the photosynthesis efficiency and root activity of tobacco, and make the plant grow robustly; improve the quality of tobacco leaves, and have a clear and mellow fragrance; induce tobacco Enhance disease resistance. The fertilizer provided by the invention contains various nutrient elements required for crop growth and can timely supplement the nutrients required for the tobacco growth process. The chelated trace element of the present invention is easy for crops to absorb and utilize, and helps crop growth and development. The fertilizer provided by the invention is especially suitable for drip irrigation, foliage spraying and other usage methods, and is beneficial to the absorption and utilization of tobacco. The invention is environmentally friendly, safe and harmless, simple in operation, short in process steps, convenient in application and suitable for industrial production.

In the present invention, it is proved by experiments that the leaf area and chlorophyll of the second leaf, the fifth leaf and the eighth leaf of the described tobacco leaf compound foliage fertilizer all increase to some extent; Promote the growth and development of tobacco plants, increase the chlorophyll content of tobacco plants, and improve the photosynthetic efficiency of tobacco plants.

In addition, the use of the tobacco leaf compound foliage fertilizer of the present invention is also conducive to increasing the total sugar, reducing sugar, and potassium content of tobacco leaves, and can also reduce the nicotine and total nitrogen contents of tobacco leaves; Disease resistance, and achieve the effect of reducing alkali and increasing potassium.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the preparation of the tobacco compound foliage fertilizer according to the present invention.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

The parts by weight in the present invention can be μg, mg, g, kg and other well-known weight units in the art, and can also be multiples thereof, such as 1/10, 1/100, 10 times, 100 times, etc.

The main component properties of raw materials and the purchasing factory are as follows in each embodiment:

Biochemical potassium fulvic acid (provided by Shandong Jingyuan Biotechnology Co., Ltd.);

Microbial agent (assorted meal fermentation bacteria provided by Cangzhou Wangfa Biotechnology Research Institute Co., Ltd.).

The following embodiments are implemented with reference to the process described in FIG. 1 .

Example 1

A kind of tobacco composite foliage fertilizer, made from the following raw materials by weight percentage: organic fertilizer extract 40g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 32.5g, biochemical potassium fulvic acid 16.5g, diethyl diethyl ethyl 0.5g, Tween-80 1g , azadirachtin 0.4g, magnesium sulfate 6.5g, EDTA-Fe 1g, EDTA-Zn 0.5g, EDTA-Cu 0.2g, boric acid 0.9g;

The organic fertilizer extraction solution is made of the following raw materials: 50 kg of rapeseed meal, 20 kg of soybean meal, 30 kg of sesame meal, 0.5 kg of microbial inoculant, adjusted to 55% of moisture, turned over and mixed evenly. Use a thermometer to measure the compost temperature every day, keep the temperature at 65-70°C for 10 days, turn over and mix the compost, and measure the water content in the compost to ensure that the water content in the compost is 50% during the high temperature period until it is completely decomposed. Take the decomposed organic fertilizer, carry out microwave extraction according to the fertilizer-water ratio of 1:8, and extract for 80 hours to obtain the organic fertilizer extract.

Dilute the foliar fertilizer by 50 times, and spray on the front and back sides of the leaves during the long-term growth of tobacco plants, on the day of topping and 10 days after topping.

Example 2

A kind of tobacco compound foliage fertilizer, is made from the raw material of following percentage by weight: organic fertilizer extract solution 25g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 20g, biochemical potassium fulvic acid 10g, diethyl diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate 0.8g, alkyl polyglucoside type (APG1214 ) 2g, azadirachtin 0.8g, magnesium sulfate 8g, EDTA-Fe 2g, EDTA-Zn 1g, EDTA-Cu 0.5g, boric acid 0.08g;

The organic fertilizer extraction solution is made of the following raw materials: 40kg of rapeseed meal, 10kg of soybean meal, 50kg of sesame meal, 0.4kg of microbial inoculant, adjusted to 60% moisture, turned over and mixed evenly. Use a thermometer to measure the compost temperature every day, keep the temperature at 60-65°C for 15 days, turn over and mix the compost, and measure the water content in the compost to ensure that the water content in the compost is 50% during the high temperature period until it is completely decomposed. Take the decomposed organic fertilizer, carry out microwave extraction according to the fertilizer-water ratio of 1:10, and extract for 72 hours to obtain the organic fertilizer extract.

Dilute the foliar fertilizer by 50 times, and spray on the front and back sides of the leaves during the long-term growth of tobacco plants, on the day of topping and 10 days after topping.

Example 3

A kind of tobacco compound foliage fertilizer, is made from the raw material of following percentage by weight: organic fertilizer leaching solution 50g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 20g, biochemical potassium fulvic acid 12g, diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate 0.5g, alkyl polyglucoside type (APG1214 ) 0.8g, azadirachtin 0.6g, magnesium sulfate 5g, EDTA-Fe 0.5g, EDTA-Zn 0.3g, EDTA-Cu 0.08g, boric acid 4g;

The organic fertilizer extraction solution is made of the following raw materials: 50 kg of rapeseed meal, 15 kg of soybean meal, 35 kg of sesame meal, 0.7 kg of microbial inoculant, adjusted to 58% of moisture, turned over and mixed evenly. Use a thermometer to measure the compost temperature every day, keep the temperature at 66-70°C for 10 days, turn over and mix the compost, and measure the water content in the compost to ensure that the water content in the compost is 50% during the high temperature period until it is completely decomposed. Take the decomposed organic fertilizer, carry out microwave extraction according to the fertilizer-water ratio of 1:9, and extract for 78 hours to obtain the organic fertilizer extract.

Dilute the foliar fertilizer by 50 times, and spray on the front and back sides of the leaves during the long-term growth of tobacco plants, on the day of topping and 10 days after topping.

Example 4

A kind of tobacco composite foliar fertilizer, made from the raw material of following percentage by weight: 30g of organic fertilizer extraction solution, 30g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 15g of biochemical potassium fulvic acid, 0.5g of diethyl diethyl ethyl hexanoate, 0.8g of Tween-80, Azadirachtin 0.6g, magnesium sulfate 4g, EDTA-Fe0.5g, EDTA-Zn 0.5g, EDTA-Cu 0.1g, boric acid 2g;

The organic fertilizer extraction solution is made of the following raw materials: 30kg of rapeseed meal, 20kg of soybean meal, 50kg of sesame meal, 0.6kg of microbial inoculant, adjusted to 60% of moisture, turned over and mixed evenly. Use a thermometer to measure the compost temperature every day, keep the temperature at 66-70°C for 10 days, turn over and mix the compost, and measure the water content in the compost to ensure that the water content in the compost is 50% during the high temperature period until it is completely decomposed. Take the decomposed organic fertilizer, carry out microwave extraction according to the fertilizer-water ratio of 1:8, and extract for 80 hours to obtain the organic fertilizer extract.

Dilute the foliar fertilizer by 50 times, and spray on the front and back sides of the leaves during the long-term growth of tobacco plants, on the day of topping and 10 days after topping.

Experimental example

Test location: Chenzhou City, Hunan Province.

Design of the experiment: The experiment adopts a random block design, with 5 treatments in total, the area of the plot is 48m ² , the distance between plants and rows is 1.2m*0.5m, and 80 tobacco plants are planted in each plot. The variety of flue-cured tobacco tested was Yunyan 87, and other cultivation and management measures were strictly implemented in accordance with high-quality flue-cured tobacco cultivation technical measures.

Test object: the tobacco compound foliar fertilizer prepared in Example 1.

experiment method:

Embodiment 1, 2: according to embodiment 1, 2, prepare foliar fertilizer, spray in time on the foliage of tobacco plant flourishing long-term, on the day of topping and 10 days after topping. Spraying time is after 5 pm. Dilute it with 50 times of liquid, and spray on the front and back of the leaves of the tobacco plant, and the spraying is based on the fact that the fog spots on the front and back leaves do not fall. If it rains 8 hours after spraying, supplementary application should be carried out.

Control group 1 (ck1): the same amount of water as the experimental group 1-2; the application method is the same as the experimental group 1-2;

Control group 2 (ck2): prepare foliar fertilizer by embodiment 1, but do not add organic fertilizer extract, other consumption and application method keep consistent;

The agronomic traits, chlorophyll content, chemical components of cured tobacco leaves and economic traits of cured tobacco leaves were measured in each group. The test results are shown in Tables 1-4 below.

Experimental results

As can be seen from the test results in table 1, embodiment 1 and 2 fall two leaves, fall five leaves, fall eight leaves leaf area and chlorophyll ratio control group 1,2 all increase; Growth and development, increase the chlorophyll content of tobacco plants, and improve the photosynthetic efficiency of tobacco plants.

Table 1 Effect of different flue-cured tobacco agronomic traits and chlorophyll value

As can be seen from Table 2, tobacco leaf total sugar, reducing sugar, and potassium content are all higher than the matched group in Examples 1 and 2, and nicotine, total nitrogen content have a downward trend compared with the matched group; Fertilizer can increase the content of total sugar, reducing sugar and potassium in tobacco leaves, reduce the content of total nitrogen and nicotine in roasted tobacco leaves, and achieve the effect of reducing alkali and increasing potassium.

Table 2 Chemical composition and yield of tobacco leaves after curing

As can be seen from Table 3, output in embodiment 1,2 increases compared with matched group, and the proportion of high-grade tobacco in embodiment 1,2 all has promotion compared with matched group 1,2, illustrates that spraying foliar fertilizer of the present invention can Improve the yield and quality of tobacco leaves.

Table 3 Effects of different treatments on the yield and quality of cured tobacco leaves

As can be seen from Table 4, the bacterial wilt incidence rate, incidence index and resistance yield of embodiment 1,2 and control group 1,2 are more than control group 1, and embodiment 1,2 anti-blackleg disease are all better than control group 1, 2, illustrate that spraying foliage fertilizer of the present invention can improve tobacco leaf disease resistance.

Table 4 Effects of different treatments on pests and diseases

Although the present invention has been described in detail with general descriptions and specific embodiments above, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that some modifications or improvements can be made on the basis of the present invention. Therefore, the modifications or improvements made on the basis of not departing from the spirit of the present invention all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A tobacco compound foliage fertilizer, characterized in that it is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 to 50 parts of organic fertilizer extract, 10 to 60 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 5 to 25 parts of biochemical potassium fulvic acid , 0.1-2 parts of diethyl diethylethylhexanoate, 0.05-3 parts of surfactant, 0.1-2 parts of azadirachtin, 1-10 parts of magnesium sulfate, 0.1-8 parts of EDTA-Fe, 0.1-5 parts of EDTA-Zn, 0.1-5 parts of EDTA-Zn, 0.05-2 parts of Cu, 0.05-7 parts of boric acid; The organic fertilizer extraction solution is an aqueous solution of a microbial fermentation product of a mixture of rapeseed meal, soybean meal and sesame meal; the weight ratio of the rapeseed meal, soybean meal and sesame meal is 1-5:1-5: 1~5. 2. The tobacco compound foliage fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, based on the total weight of soybean meal, rapeseed meal and sesame meal, the percentage by weight of the added microbial agent is 0.01-1%. 3. tobacco composite foliage fertilizer according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the preparation method of described organic fertilizer extraction liquid is: described soybean meal, rapeseed meal and sesame meal are mixed, adjust moisture content at 40% ～60%; then spray the microbial agent, and keep it at 55～70℃ for 7～20 days, turn over and decompose to get organic fertilizer; then carry out microwave extraction according to the weight ratio of organic fertilizer and water 1:10～25, soak Extract the organic fertilizer extract. 4. The tobacco compound foliar fertilizer according to claim 3, characterized in that: the microbial bacterial agent is a miscellaneous meal fermenting bacteria; it comprises Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus natto, lactic acid bacteria, Lactobacillus plantarum, Enterococcus faecalis , Aspergillus oryzae, protease, cellulase, yeast at least one. 5. The tobacco compound foliage fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 to 50 parts of organic fertilizer extract, 20 to 32.5 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate , biochemical potassium fulvic acid 10-16.5 parts, diethyl hexanoate 0.5-0.8 parts, surfactant 1-2 parts, azadirachtin 0.4-0.8 parts, magnesium sulfate 6.5-8 parts, EDTA-Fe 1-2 parts, 0.5-1 part of EDTA-Zn, 0.2-0.5 part of EDTA-Cu, 0.08-0.9 part of boric acid. 6. tobacco compound foliage fertilizer according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described organic fertilizer extraction liquid is the rapeseed meal, soybean meal and sesame meal that weight ratio is 4～5: 1～2: 3～5 The aqueous solution of the fermented product; wherein, during the fermentation process, the moisture is adjusted at 55% to 60%, based on the weight of rapeseed meal, soybean meal and sesame meal, the weight of microbial inoculum is 0.4 to 0.5%, and the heap is Keep at 60-70°C for 10-15 days, turn over and decompose to obtain organic fertilizer; then carry out microwave extraction according to the weight ratio of organic fertilizer and water of 1:8-10, and extract to obtain organic fertilizer extract. 7. The tobacco compound foliar fertilizer according to claim 6, characterized in that, is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of organic fertilizer extract, 32.5 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 16.5 parts of biochemical potassium fulvic acid , 0.5 parts of diethyl ethyl ethyl ethylate, 1 part of surfactant, 0.4 parts of azadirachtin, 6.5 parts of magnesium sulfate, 1 part of EDTA-Fe, 0.5 parts of EDTA-Zn, 0.2 parts of EDTA-Cu, and 0.9 parts of boric acid. 8. The tobacco compound foliage fertilizer according to claim 7, characterized in that, the organic fertilizer extract is an aqueous solution of fermented rapeseed meal, soybean meal and sesame meal with a weight ratio of 5:2:3. 9. The tobacco compound foliage fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, the surfactant is Tween 80 or alkyl polyglycoside. 10. The application of the tobacco compound foliar fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 9 in tobacco planting, characterized in that it is sprayed on the front and back sides of the leaves on the day of topping and on the day of topping and after topping for a long period of time in tobacco plants .