CN106216770A - A kind of processing method based on high-pressure water jet cavitation effect and device - Google Patents
A kind of processing method based on high-pressure water jet cavitation effect and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN106216770A CN106216770A CN201610589376.XA CN201610589376A CN106216770A CN 106216770 A CN106216770 A CN 106216770A CN 201610589376 A CN201610589376 A CN 201610589376A CN 106216770 A CN106216770 A CN 106216770A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D79/00—Methods, machines, or devices not covered elsewhere, for working metal by removal of material
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of processing method based on high-pressure water jet cavitation effect and device, relate to material and manufacture processing technique field.The present invention utilizes high-pressure water jet manufacture cavitation effect that workpiece degrades processing, the shape required for accumulation formation.Assembly of the invention, including jet generation system, high pressure flood system, pond, high-pressure hose and filter.When high-pressure water jet cavity group of the present invention moves to surface of the work, the stagnation pressure produced because of workpiece retardance promotes cavity group to crumble and fall, the focus producing about 5000 ± 200 K carries out material molten reduction, reduce the tired threshold values of material, under high frequency time high-pressure shocking wave compound action, cause the fatigue fracture of material, form nahlock shape and degrade, it is achieved go material manufacture.Present configuration is simple, and easy care, cost is relatively low, and environmental effect is little.The present invention can be to various difficult moulding materials and the processing of micro parts.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to machine-building, material forming field, be specifically related to material and manufacture processing technique field, refer in particular to one
Processing method based on high-pressure water jet cavitation effect and device thereof.
Background technology
In industrial circle, the occasion that various difficult moulding materials and micro parts use gets more and more, such as high strength steel, height
Performance aluminium alloy, the application of titanium alloy, the progressively expansion of magnesium alloy application, structure, to miniaturization, shapes difficulty increasingly
Greatly, existing material property improves the difficulty of processing that brings, also has the small complexity brought of product structure, such as steel by
250MPA brings up to 1000MPA, and plasticity is reduced to 12% by 45%, and the intensity of aluminium alloy is brought up to 530MPA, plasticity by 150MPA
It is reduced to 10% by 30%.How to find that a kind of machining accuracy is high, production cost is low, adaptability is relatively strong, be particularly suitable for these difficult
The processing method of rapidoprint and micro parts is problem the most in the urgent need to address.
Processing method for these difficult-to-machine materials and micro parts mainly has traditional mechanical processing, fine electricity fire at present
Flower processing, Laser Processing, electron beam process, fine galvano-cautery processing, ion beam processing, micro-plasticity forming processing, LIGA and standard
LIGA technique etc..Generally speaking, current all kinds of processing method there is problems in that
Traditional mechanical processing is relatively strict to the requirement of cutter material and the size of micro parts, and then improves processing cost and limit
Make its scope of application；Micro EDM is primarily present processing short circuit, open circuit or arc discharge effect, reduce working (machining) efficiency and
Precision, additionally, there is export license in Jia Gong, the problems such as cutter compensation difficulty, process velocity are slow；Laser Processing Laser Processing and
Electron beam process cost is high, and equipment is expensive, and Laser Processing part also has re cast layer, and surface quality is poor；Fine galvano-cautery processing is spuious
Corrosion is big, and ancillary equipment is had corrosion；The vacuum system of ion beam processing and a whole set of special equipment are expensive；Microplasticity becomes
In shape processing there is deformation in workpiece, and is limited to tool dimension, is difficult to process microstructure, and to the preparation of drift and clamping
Require the highest；LIGA and Quasi-LIGA process technological investment are big, and the course of processing is complicated.How to solve these difficult problems, propose one
New machining based conception and processing method are huge challenges.
To this end, the present invention proposes a kind of brand-new processing method, current this respect both at home and abroad without reference to, so the party
Method has huge development potentiality.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to propose to a kind of processing method based on high-pressure water jet cavitation effect and device thereof.Utilize height
Pressure water jet produces cavitation effect and carries out various difficult moulding materials and the processing of micro parts with this.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of processing method based on high-pressure water jet cavitation effect, processed workpiece material includes that hardness is between (80 ~ 700) HV
Metal material.
Implement above-mentioned work pieces process, a kind of processing side based on high-pressure water jet cavitation effect provided by the present invention
Method, comprises the steps of
1) in high-pressure bottle water filling and the water surface to cavitating nozzle top edge height d1>=150mm, and pressurize make high-pressure bottle
(11) pressure p 1=0.6 in ~ 1.5MPa；
2) relative distance d between work holder and cavitating nozzle is changed2=30 × D, D are cavitating nozzle outlet diameter, make
Cavitation crumbles and fall generation at surface of the work；
3) high-pressure pump group output High-Pressure Water, is measured by pressure regulator valve control, Pressure gauge, water jet pressure p2>=80MPa, high pressure
Water jet penetrates from cavitating nozzle；
4) through pressure transmission, can produce about 5000 when single bubble cavitation is crumbled and fall in the range of surface of the work diameter 10 m area ±
The focus of 200 K carries out material molten reduction, and produces GPa level high-pressure shocking wave and act perpendicularly to surface of the work, and generation is degraded
Point, surface of the work is crumbled and fall frequency T=450 ~ 500 time/s by cavity；At workpiece table when the single bubble cavitation of surface of the work is crumbled and fall
Face produces the high temperature being about 5000 ± 200 K and the high-pressure shocking wave acting perpendicularly to surface of the work, produces and degrades a little；
5) according to the workpiece shapes processed and requirement, by controlling the pose track of work holder, pointwise is successively to work
Part carries out cavitation and degrades, and final accumulative effect forms required shape.
D3=(3 ~ 5, cavity group effective overlay area in described high-pressure water jet) × D, the processing of single-point monolayer, time t used
≤ 8min, abrasion thickness h=(0.5 ~ 1.0) mm, degrade territory area s=л × (d3/2)2。
Implement the device of above-mentioned a kind of based on high-pressure water jet cavitation effect processing method, including jet system
System, high pressure flood system, pond, high-pressure hose and filter, described jet generation system includes high-pressure pump group, Pressure gauge, tune
Pressure valve and cavitating nozzle；Described high pressure flood system includes high-pressure bottle, Pressure gauge, drain valve, air relief valve, air bleeding valve and workpiece
Clamping device；High-pressure bottle is hermetic container, is arranged above air bleeding valve, air relief valve and Pressure gauge, and arranged beneath has drain valve,
Cavitating nozzle that high-pressure bottle is respectively arranged at two ends with and work holder；Described cavitating nozzle passes through high-pressure hose and Pressure gauge
It is connected；Pressure gauge is connected with pressure regulator valve, high-pressure pump group, filter, pond successively by high-pressure hose.High-pressure bottle is by having height
The acrylic material of light transmission is made.Junction between each parts of device uses flange seal to connect.
Implement above-mentioned a kind of based on high-pressure water jet cavitation effect processing method, move to workpiece table based on cavity group
During face, the stagnation pressure produced because of workpiece retardance promotes cavity group to crumble and fall, and single cavity of crumbling and fall is at surface of the work diameter about 10 m
The focus producing about 5000 ± 200 K in regional extent carries out material molten reduction, reduces the tired threshold values of material, at high frequency
Under sub-high pressure shock wave compound action, cause the fatigue fracture of material, form nahlock shape and degrade, it is achieved go material manufacture.
Therefore, there is advantages that
1) propose a kind of brand-new machining based conception and processing method, utilize the heat effect pair of the cavitation that high pressure jet flow produces
Workpiece is removed processing, it is possible to fully excavates the potential beneficial value of cavitation effect, and promotes the various of Work piece processing method
Change.
2) as the processing of a kind of water submerged completely, heat fade rate is up to 1000K/s, is a kind of cool grinding method, and
After melted reduction, power of degrading needed for material removal is little, work pieces process position will not be made to crack, thus can guarantee that workpiece
Intensity and fatigue durability requirement.Meanwhile, the following process of workpiece it is also convenient for.
3) device is simple to operate, easy care, low cost, and environmental effect is little, has higher potential value.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that Single bubble cavitation is crumbled and fall and carried out workpiece point and degrade the schematic diagram figure of processing.
Fig. 3 is that group steeps cavitation and crumbles and fall and carry out workpiece single-point monolayer and degrade the schematic diagram of processing.
In figure, 1. pond, 2. filter, 3. high-pressure pump group, 4. pressure regulator valve, 5. Pressure gauge, 6. air relief valve, 7. Pressure gauge,
8. air bleeding valve, 9. work holder, 10. drain valve, 11. high-pressure bottles, 12. cavitating nozzles, 13. high-pressure hoses, 14. works
Part, 15. cavitys, 16. degrade a little, and 17. cavity groups, 18. degrade territory.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention will be further described with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the signal of a kind of method and device carrying out workpiece 14 processing based on high-pressure water jet cavitation effect of the present invention
Figure, including being sequentially connected with pond 1, filter 2 and jet generation system, jet generation system and high pressure flood system pass through cavitation
Nozzle 12 is arranged in one end of high-pressure bottle 11 and produces annexation；Wherein jet generation system includes being sequentially connected with high-pressure pump
Group 3, pressure regulator valve 4, Pressure gauge 5 and cavitating nozzle 12；High pressure flood system be included in high-pressure bottle 11 air bleeding valve arranged above 8,
Air relief valve 6 and Pressure gauge 7, arranged beneath drain valve 10；Work holder 9 is positioned at one end of high-pressure bottle 11, sprays with cavitation
Mouth 12 is arranged symmetrically.
Fig. 2 is that Single bubble cavitation is crumbled and fall and carried out workpiece 14 and degrade the schematic diagram figure of processing, and current produce in cavitating nozzle 12
Raw cavity 15, cavity 15 moves to workpiece 14 surface with jet and crumbles and fall, can produce in the range of workpiece 14 surface diameter 10 m area
The focus of raw about 5000 ± 200 K carries out material molten reduction, and produces GPa level high-pressure shocking wave and act perpendicularly to workpiece 14 table
Face, produces and degrades a little 16, is crumbled and fall frequency T=450 ~ 500 time/s in workpiece 14 surface by cavity.
Fig. 3 is that group steeps cavitation and crumbles and fall and carry out workpiece 14 single-point monolayer and degrade the schematic diagram of processing, and current are at cavitating nozzle 12
Interior generation cavity 15, forms cavity group in the range of the effective diameter of water jet, forms workpiece 14 surface and has certain size
Circular coverage rate, utilize a little 16 eclipsing effects of degrading that group steeps, produce lamellar and degrade territory 18.
Embodiment 1: used by the present embodiment, workpiece 14 material is the ordinary steel of hardness HB=200, is described with reference to the accompanying drawings base
In the thickness H=5mm of high-pressure water jet cavitation effect, diameter D1=10mm through hole is processed, and it comprises the steps of
(1) starting high-pressure pump group, no-load running 10 minutes, indices is normal；
(2) control pressure regulator valve, treat that Pressure gauge 5 is slowly increased to 150MPa, continue 30 minutes, show high-pressure pump group normal operation, be
System, without substantially leakage, pressure stability, meets and implements requirement；
(3) in high-pressure bottle 11 water filling and the water surface to cavitating nozzle 12 top edge height d1=180mm, and pressurize make high pressure-volume
Pressure p in device 111=1.0MPa；
(4) turning on the power switch, in pond 1, water is delivered to filter 2 through connecting tube；
(5) filter 2 provides source of clean water by connecting tube to high-pressure pump group 3, and is delivered to cavitating nozzle 12 and penetrates；
(6) regulate water flow pressure by pressure regulator valve, measure water jet pressure p through Pressure gauge 52=80MPa；
(7) relative distance d between work holder 9 and cavitating nozzle 12 is set2=30 × D=2.4mm, wherein D=0.8mm is
Cavitating nozzle 12 outlet diameter；
(8) according to the size of the through hole processed, the pose track of work holder 9 is controlled, with through hole place workpiece 14 table
The circular center of circle in face is starting point, and 6min carries out a subslot variation, and pointwise the most from inside to outside is successively to workpiece 14
Carry out material denudation；
(9) often machine an abrasion, work holder 9 control workpiece 14 and advance 0.5mm to cavitating nozzle 12；
(10) repeating step (8) ~ (9), when denudation depth reaches H, the pose track controlling work holder 9 terminates cavitation
Degrading, final accumulative effect forms the size shape of required through hole.
Embodiment 2: used by the present embodiment, workpiece 14 material is the ordinary steel of hardness HB=200, is described with reference to the accompanying drawings base
In the thickness H=5mm of high-pressure water jet cavitation effect, diameter D1=10mm through hole is processed, and it comprises the steps of
(1) starting high-pressure pump group, no-load running 10 minutes, indices is normal；
(2) control pressure regulator valve, treat that Pressure gauge 5 is slowly increased to 150MPa, continue 30 minutes, show high-pressure pump group normal operation, be
System, without substantially leakage, pressure stability, meets and implements requirement；
(3) in high-pressure bottle 11 water filling and the water surface to cavitating nozzle 12 top edge height d1=180mm, and pressurize make high pressure-volume
Pressure p in device 111=1.0MPa；
(4) turning on the power switch, in pond 1, water is delivered to filter 2 through connecting tube；
(5) filter 2 provides source of clean water by connecting tube to high-pressure pump group 3, and is delivered to cavitating nozzle 12 and penetrates；
(6) regulate water flow pressure by pressure regulator valve, measure water jet pressure p through Pressure gauge 52=150MPa；
(7) relative distance d between work holder 9 and cavitating nozzle 12 is set2=30 × D=2.4mm, wherein D=0.8mm is
Cavitating nozzle 12 outlet diameter；
(8) according to the size of the through hole processed, the pose track of work holder 9 is controlled, with through hole place workpiece 14 table
The circular center of circle in face is starting point, and 4min carries out a subslot variation, and pointwise the most from inside to outside is successively to workpiece 14
Carry out material denudation；
(9) machine an abrasion, work holder 9 control workpiece 14 and advance 0.8mm to cavitating nozzle 12；
(10) repeating step (8) ~ (9), when denudation depth reaches H, the pose track controlling work holder 9 terminates cavitation
Degrading, final accumulative effect forms the size shape of required through hole.
Embodiment 2 working (machining) efficiency improves 40% relative to embodiment 1.
Claims (7)
1. a processing method based on high-pressure water jet cavitation effect, it is characterised in that utilize high-pressure water jet to manufacture cavitation
Workpiece is degraded processing by effect, the shape required for accumulation formation, comprises the steps of
High-pressure bottle (11) interior water filling and the water surface are to cavitating nozzle (12) top edge height d1>=150mm, and pressurize make high pressure-volume
Pressure p 1=0.6 ~ 1.5MPa in device (11)；
Change the relative distance d between work holder (9) and cavitating nozzle (12)2=30 × D, D are that cavitating nozzle (12) goes out
Mouth diameter, makes cavitation crumble and fall generation on workpiece (14) surface；
High-pressure pump group (3) output High-Pressure Water, is measured by pressure regulator valve (4) control, Pressure gauge (5), water jet pressure p2≥
80MPa, high-pressure water jet penetrates from cavitating nozzle (12)；
Through pressure transmission, when the single bubble cavitation on workpiece (14) surface is crumbled and fall workpiece (14) surface produce be about 5000 ±
The high temperature of 200 K and act perpendicularly to the high-pressure shocking wave on workpiece (14) surface, produces and degrades point (16)；
According to workpiece (14) shape processed and requirement, by controlling the pose track of work holder (9), pointwise is successively
Workpiece (14) being carried out cavitation degrade, final accumulative effect forms required shape.
A kind of processing method based on high-pressure water jet cavitation effect the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described
D3=(3 ~ 5, cavity group effective overlay area in high-pressure water jet) × D, the processing of single-point monolayer, time t≤8min used, abrasion
Thickness h=(0.5 ~ 1.0) mm, degrades territory (18) area s=л × (d3/2)2。
A kind of processing method based on high-pressure water jet cavitation effect the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that
The material of described workpiece (14) is the hardness metal material between (80 ~ 700) HV.
4. the device of the enforcement a kind of based on high-pressure water jet cavitation effect processing method described in claim 1, its feature exists
In, including jet generation system, high pressure flood system, pond (1), high-pressure hose (13) and filter (2), described jet occurs
System includes high-pressure pump group (3), Pressure gauge (5), pressure regulator valve (4) and cavitating nozzle (12)；Described high pressure flood system includes height
Pressure vessel (11), Pressure gauge (7), drain valve (10), air relief valve (6), air bleeding valve (8) and work holder (9)；High-pressure bottle
(11) being hermetic container, be arranged above air bleeding valve (8), air relief valve (6) and Pressure gauge (7), arranged beneath has drain valve (10),
Cavitating nozzle (12) that high-pressure bottle (11) is respectively arranged at two ends with and work holder (9)；Described cavitating nozzle (12) passes through
High-pressure hose (13) is connected with Pressure gauge (5)；Pressure gauge (5) by high-pressure hose (13) successively with pressure regulator valve (4), high-pressure pump group
(3), described high-pressure pump group (3) is connected with filter (2) by high-pressure hose (13), and described filter (2) connects pond (1).
A kind of processing unit (plant) based on high-pressure water jet cavitation effect the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that high pressure
Container (11) is made up of the acrylic material with high light transmittance.
6. according to a kind of based on high-pressure water jet cavitation effect the processing unit (plant) described in claim 4 or 5, it is characterised in that
Described cavitating nozzle (12) outlet diameter D=0.6 ~ 1.2mm.
7. according to a kind of based on high-pressure water jet cavitation effect the processing unit (plant) described in claim 4 or 5, it is characterised in that
Junction between each parts of described device uses flange seal to connect.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107385172A (en) * | 2017-07-20 | 2017-11-24 | 江苏大学 | A kind of device strengthened for metal surface cavitation jet |
| CN107716688A (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2018-02-23 | 江苏大学 | Based on micro- part punching of high pressure submerged cavitating water jet and the device and method of etching |
| CN107984086A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-05-04 | 江苏大学 | A kind of method based on induced with laser bubble collapse water jet manufacture ultra micro group hole |
| CN108818320A (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2018-11-16 | 江苏大学 | It is a kind of for blade deburring and the water jet device of shot-peening |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107385172A (en) * | 2017-07-20 | 2017-11-24 | 江苏大学 | A kind of device strengthened for metal surface cavitation jet |
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| CN107984086A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-05-04 | 江苏大学 | A kind of method based on induced with laser bubble collapse water jet manufacture ultra micro group hole |
| CN108818320A (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2018-11-16 | 江苏大学 | It is a kind of for blade deburring and the water jet device of shot-peening |
| CN108818320B (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2021-04-20 | 江苏大学 | Water jet device and method for deburring and shot blasting of blades |
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