CN105276137A - Dual-axle seat deadweight anti-backlash numerical control displacement machine - Google Patents

Abstract

Two-axis self-weight anti-backlash CNC positioner, including anti-backlash of worktable horizontal axis transmission and vertical axis transmission, worktable horizontal axis transmission anti-backlash includes support, connecting rod body, connecting plate, pin shaft, driving gear , the driving shaft, the driven gear, the counterweight and the connecting rod body are installed on the driving shaft, the driving gear and its transmission components can float up and down around the pin shaft with the connecting rod body as the rocker, so that the meshing places of the driving and passive gears are each The supporting point of the gravity of the transmission part, under its gravity, the left and right sides of the driving gear teeth are close to the left and right sides of the tooth grooves of the driven gear; Gear II, bearings, horizontal transmission shaft. The bevel gear I on the vertical shaft meshes with the bevel gear II on the horizontal transmission shaft, and the weight of the transmission parts on the worktable and the vertical shaft acts on the bevel gear II through the bevel gear I, so that the teeth of the bevel gear I The left and right sides are close to the left and right sides of the bevel gear II tooth groove.

Description

Two-axis seat type self-weight anti-backlash CNC positioner

(1) Technical field

The invention relates to a mechanical transmission structure of a numerical control positioner, in particular to a mechanical transmission structure for eliminating backlash in gear transmission in a two-axis seat type numerical control positioner.

(2) Background technology

In order to improve the transmission accuracy of CNC equipment, it is necessary to eliminate the backlash of the gear transmission. At present, the method for eliminating the backlash (forward and reverse conversion) in the gear transmission is to use a spring or bolt to pre-apply a loading force. To eliminate the transmission gap of a pair of meshing gears. For different types of gear transmission, the way of spring loading is different. For example, in bevel gear transmission, the spring force is loaded in the axial direction of a gear, so that a pair of gears are kept tightly meshed, thereby eliminating the transmission gap; in spur gears In the transmission, the driven wheel is made of two thin-plate gears, and the two thin-plate gears produce staggered teeth under the action of the spring force, so that the left side of one gear and the right side of the other gear are respectively close to the sides of the driving gear. The left and right sides of the alveolar achieve the purpose of eliminating backlash. This type of method is difficult in the design of the spring, and the transmission efficiency will inevitably be reduced, and the structure is relatively complicated.

(3) Contents of the invention

In the two-axis seat type CNC positioner, the movement of the worktable is divided into the rotation movement of the vertical axis and the horizontal axis. In order to improve the precision of mechanical transmission, it is necessary to eliminate the existence of gears in the transmission due to forward and reverse conversion. The transmission gap, the present invention provides a structure that eliminates the transmission gap of the gear by utilizing the weight of the transmission part itself without using a mechanism for externally generating loading force such as springs and bolts. The adopted technical scheme includes the gear anti-backlash structure of the horizontal axis transmission of the workbench and the gear anti-backlash structure of the vertical axis transmission of the workbench.

The gear anti-backlash structure of the horizontal axis transmission of the workbench includes a support, a connecting rod body, a connecting plate, a pin shaft, a driving gear, a driving shaft, a driven gear, and a counterweight. Its working principle is: the servo motor as the power source transmits power to the driving shaft through the speed change mechanism, the driving gear fixedly connected with the driving shaft meshes with the driven gear, and transmits the rotation to the driven gear, and the drive gear fixedly connected with the horizontal axis of the workbench The driven gear drives the table to rotate in the direction of the horizontal axis, in which the weight of the servo motor and the speed change mechanism acts on the driving shaft, and the driving shaft acts on the driven gear through the driving gear, so that the meshing position of the driven gear and the driving gear becomes The support points supporting the gravity of the above-mentioned transmission parts, in order to balance the support points, a counterweight is installed on the driving shaft to balance.

Under the gravitational action of the above-mentioned transmission parts, the left and right sides of the meshing teeth of the driving gear are closely attached to the left and right sides of the tooth grooves of the driven gear, so as to eliminate the gap of the reverse transmission of the gears.

In order to better ensure the effective meshing of the driving gear and the driven gear, a connecting rod body is installed on the driving shaft. The holes are hinged through the pin shaft, and the support is fixed on the base of the CNC positioner. The driving gear and its transmission components can float up and down around the pin shaft with the connecting rod body as the rocker. In order to ensure the balance of force and the meshing effect of the gears during the working process, two connecting rod bodies are installed on the driving shaft, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the driving gear. The two connecting rod bodies are fixedly connected by several connecting plates, so that It becomes a planar body.

The driven gear can be an external gear or an internal ring gear.

The gear anti-backlash structure of the vertical shaft transmission of the workbench includes the vertical shaft of the workbench, bevel gear I, bevel gear II, bearings, and a horizontal transmission shaft. Its working principle is: the servo motor transmits power to the horizontal transmission shaft, and the horizontal transmission shaft drives the bevel gear II fixedly connected with it to rotate. The bevel gear II and the bevel gear I are a pair of meshing gears, and the bevel gear II drives the cone Gear 1 rotates, thereby drives the workbench vertical shaft that is fixedly connected with bevel gear 1 to rotate. Said bearing is a bearing capable of bearing both radial force and axial force. Since the weight of the workbench and the transmission parts on the vertical axis of the workbench acts on the bevel gear II through the bevel gear I, the bevel gear II is supported by the bearing, and the axial movement along the horizontal transmission shaft is restricted, so that the cone The left side and the right side of the teeth of the gear I are close to the left and right sides of the tooth groove of the bevel gear II, so as to eliminate the backlash of the gear reverse transmission.

Advantages of the present invention:

It does not need to rely on the force of the external loading mechanism, such as the force of spring and bolt pre-tightening, but uses the gravity of the transmission mechanism itself to realize the anti-backlash of the gear transmission. The structure is simple, easy to design, easy to install, maintain and use, and easy to manufacture. Low cost and stable performance.

(4) Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the gear anti-backlash structure of the horizontal axis transmission of the workbench, and Fig. 2 is a sectional view of A-A in Fig. 1,

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the backlash elimination structure of the vertical shaft transmission of the worktable, and Fig. 4 is another structural diagram of the backlash elimination gear of the horizontal shaft transmission of the worktable.

In the figure, 1. Support, 2. Connecting rod body, 3. Drive gear, 4. Sector-shaped inner ring gear, 5. Horizontal axis of workbench, 6. Drive shaft, 7. Pin shaft, 8. Link plate, 9 .Horizontal transmission shaft, 10. Angular contact ball bearing, 11. Bevel gear I, 12. Vertical shaft of workbench, 13. Bevel gear II, 14. Speed change mechanism, 15. Servo motor, 16. Counterweight, 17. big gear.

(5) Specific implementation methods

Example 1

Embodiment 1 of the present invention is shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, and Figure 3. In the two-axis seat type numerical control positioner, the working principle of the gear anti-backlash structure driven by the horizontal axis of the workbench is: as the power source The servo motor 15 transmits the power to the driving shaft 6 through the speed change mechanism 14, and the driving gear 3 fixedly connected with the driving shaft 6 meshes with the fan-shaped inner ring gear 4, and transmits the rotation to the fan-shaped inner ring gear 4, and the horizontal axis of the workbench is The sector-shaped internal gear 4 fixedly connected drives the workbench to rotate in the direction of the horizontal axis, wherein the weight of the servo motor 15 and the speed change mechanism 14 acts on the driving shaft 6, and the driving shaft 6 acts gravity on the sector-shaped internal gear through the driving gear 3 4, so that the meshing part of the sector-shaped inner ring gear 4 and the driving gear 3 becomes a supporting point supporting the gravity of the above-mentioned transmission parts. In order to balance the supporting points, a counterweight 16 is installed on the driving shaft 6 to balance.

Under the gravitational action of the above-mentioned transmission parts, the left and right sides of the teeth of the driving gear 3 are closely attached to the left and right sides of the tooth grooves of the fan-shaped inner ring gear 4, so as to eliminate the gap of the reverse transmission of the gears.

In order to better ensure the effective meshing between the driving gear 3 and the sector-shaped inner ring gear 4, the hole at one end of the connecting rod body 2 is mounted on the driving shaft 6 in a hinged connection, and the hole at the other end and the hole on the support 1 pass through the pin shaft. 7 are connected in the form of hinges, and the support 1 is installed and fixed on the base of the CNC positioner. The driving gear 3 and its transmission components can float up and down around the pin shaft 7 with the connecting rod body 2 as the rocker. In order to ensure the balance of force and the meshing effect of the gears during the working process, two connecting rod bodies 2 are installed on the driving shaft 6 in a hinged connection, respectively arranged on both sides of the driving gear 3, and the two connecting rod bodies 2 pass through several Connecting plate 8 is fixedly connected, and it becomes a planar body.

The gear anti-backlash structure of the vertical shaft transmission of the workbench is shown in Figure 3. Its working principle is: the servo motor transmits power to the horizontal transmission shaft 9, and the horizontal transmission shaft 9 drives the bevel gear II11 fixedly connected with it to rotate, and the bevel gear II11 It is a pair of meshing gears with the bevel gear I13, and the bevel gear II11 drives the bevel gear I13 to rotate, thereby driving the workbench vertical shaft 12 fixedly connected with the bevel gear I13 to rotate. Since the weight of the worktable and the transmission parts on the vertical axis of the worktable acts on the bevel gear II through the bevel gear I, under the support of the angular contact ball bearing, the axial movement of the bevel gear II along the horizontal transmission shaft 9 is restricted , can not move, so that the left and right sides of the teeth of the bevel gear I are close to the left and right sides of the tooth groove of the bevel gear II, so as to eliminate the backlash of the gear reverse transmission.

Example 2

Embodiment 2 of the present invention is shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4. In the two-axis seat type CNC positioner, the working principle of the gear anti-backlash structure driven by the horizontal axis of the workbench is different from the above-mentioned Embodiment 1 in that the driving gear is 3 and driven gear bull gear 17 are external meshing forms, and all the other are identical.

The gear anti-backlash structure of the vertical shaft transmission of the workbench is the same as the gear anti-backlash structure of the vertical shaft transmission of the workbench in Embodiment 1.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only specific examples for further specifying the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the disclosed scope of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. axle bed formula deadweight disappears gap numerical control positioner, comprise worktable level driven off by shaft gear clearance elimination structure and the vertical driven off by shaft gear clearance elimination structure of worktable, the driven off by shaft gear clearance elimination structure of worktable level comprises bearing, connecting rod shank, yoke plate, bearing pin, driving gear, driving shaft, driven gear, counterweight member, the vertical driven off by shaft gear clearance elimination structure of worktable comprises worktable pivotal axis, cone gear I, cone gear II, bearing, horizontal drive shaft, it is characterized in that: the driven off by shaft gear clearance elimination of worktable level be by power source to the Action of Gravity Field of each transmission part in driving gear Transmitted chains in the engagement place of driving gear and driven gear, the engagement place of driving gear and driven gear is become support the strong point of above-mentioned each transmission part gravity, in order to make the balance of the strong point, driving shaft is provided with counterweight member and connecting rod shank, the hole of described connecting rod shank one end is arranged on driving shaft in hinge-coupled mode, the hole of the other end is connected with hinging manner by bearing pin with the hole on bearing, bearing is fixed on the base of numerical control positioner, driving gear and transmitting assemblies thereof can be that rocking bar fluctuates with connecting rod shank around bearing pin, under the Action of Gravity Field of above-mentioned each transmission part, the left side of drive gear teeth and right side is made to be close to the left and right sides of driven gear teeth groove, reach the gap of eliminating gear reversing drive,

The vertical driven off by shaft gear clearance elimination of worktable is that worktable pivotal axis and cone gear I are fixedly connected, cone gear and II horizontal drive shaft are fixedly connected, cone gear II and cone gear I is the gear of pair of meshing, described bearing is to bear the bearing that radial force can bear again axial force, the weight of each driving component in worktable and worktable pivotal axis acts on cone gear II by cone gear I, cone gear II is restricted along moving axially of horizontal drive shaft under the supporting of bearing, the left side of cone gear I tooth and right side is made to be close to the left and right sides of cone gear II teeth groove, reach the gap of eliminating gear reversing drive.

2. two axle bed formulas deadweights according to claim 1 disappear gap numerical control positioner, it is characterized in that described driven gear can be the ring gear of external gear pump or internal messing.

3. two axle bed formulas deadweights according to claim 1 disappear gap numerical control positioner, it is characterized in that in hinge-coupled mode, two connecting rod shanies being installed on driving shaft, be arranged in the both sides of driving gear, between two connecting rod shanies, fix connection by several yoke plate, become a plane body.