A kind ofly improve complete feed of sow feed intake perinatal period in summer and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of animal, particularly a kind of sow feed, be specially and a kind ofly improve complete feed of sow feed intake perinatal period in summer and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Raising pigs is the important part of animal husbandry, and the mankind raise pigs long history, and pork is human survival, the indispensable holozoic nutrition food of continuity, is consume red men the most widely in the world.Pork contains the composition such as rich in protein and fat, carbohydrate, calcium, iron, phosphorus, and be the main non-staple food of daily life, having qi-restoratives keeps fit, the effect of nourshing Yin and drynsessmoistening prescription, rich flesh pool skin.Pork is also one of carnivorous food important on people's dining table, because pork fiber is comparatively soft, connective tissue is less, containing more intramuscular fat in musculature, therefore, after cooking processing, meat flavour is delicious especially, all weak, postpartum after being ill the deficiency of blood, face Huang wins thin person, all can with the product making nutritious tonifying.
Along with the raising of people's living standard, also increasing to the demand of pork product, quality requirements is also more and more higher.And in Pig Industry is produced, cultivation scale is more and more concentrated, the probability of pig outburst disease is also more and more higher, and increasing mutation also appears in a lot of pathophorous virus and bacterium, and pig is more and more difficult to be supported.In pork pig large-scale cultivation process; sow cultivation is crucial; and in sow breeding process, summer, sow cultivation was a large technical barrier, wherein the cultivation of perinatal period (7 days antenatal 7 days-postpartum) sow is the most critical stage causing postpartum breastfeeding phase feed intake to rise or decline.Because sow body surface sweat gland is undeveloped, summer anti-heat stress ability, feed intake can be caused to decline in a large number, nutriment insufficiency of intake, there is a series of health problem in offspring piglet, final impact listing meat quality and output.
The existing means about improving sow feed intake in summer, except the management factors of pig farm, come to cause in stimulating animal brain some correlation factors of appetite (as neuropeptide tyrosine mainly through the concentration of adjustment nutriment (energy, protein etc.) in feed, be called for short NPY) secretion, thus the foraging behaviour of regulation and control animal, also can reach object by adding some alleviation heat stress nutritive additives etc.Because nutriment source is numerous, also without fixed mixing ratio between each nutrient, and pig kind and managerial influence factor more, cause result of use difference greatly, be difficult to reach gratifying degree.Simultaneously numerous nutrient collocation and selecting of additive are also very complicated problems, can not produce a desired effect, this just to perinatal period feed preparation and result of use bring certain test.Therefore, it is very necessary for developing a kind of complete feed improving sow feed intake perinatal period in summer.
Summary of the invention
For the problems referred to above, the invention provides a kind of feed, by adjusting the content of each macroelement and adding the feed intake that new nutritional labeling improves sow perinatal period in summer, solve existing sow raising perinatal period produced problem.The present invention is realized by following technical proposals:
Improve a complete feed for sow feed intake perinatal period in summer, comprise the component of following mass fraction: corn 50-70 part, dregs of beans 10-20 part, expanded soybean 10-15 part, glucose 1-2 part, deep sea fish oil 1-3 part, calcium powder 0.40-0.70 part, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 0.50-1.50 part, sodium chloride 0.10-0.30 part, potassium chloride 0.10-0.20 part, yeast extract 0.03-0.05 part, xylo-oligosaccharide 0.05-0.15 part, compound premix 1 part.
Preferred as one of the present invention, in every kilogram of complete feed, described compound premix comprises each component of following quality: vitamin A 8000IU-10000IU, vitamin D
31450IU-1650IU, vitamin E 30IU-38IU, nicotinic acid 13.50mg-15.00mg, folic acid 1.46mg-1.80mg, biotin 0.17mg-0.20mg, iron 90mg-100mg, copper 5.40mg-6.0mg, manganese 28mg-32mg, zinc 90mg-100mg, all the other are carrier.
Preferred as one of the present invention, described carrier is ball milling system chaff or meticulous rice bran meal.
Feed of the present invention not only meets the basal nutrient needs of sow perinatal period, and suitably have adjusted the content of some macroelements (calcium, sodium, potassium), and with the addition of yeast extract, glucose and xylo-oligosaccharide, by being coordinated with premix by raw material, other nutriments met needed for sow breeding perinatal period can be supplemented.
The present invention is by adjustment calcium ion content, the Anionic salt of low calcium is provided to sow perinatal period, avoid occurring taking in because of calcium too much causing calcium discharge rate to increase, in bone, the regulation mechanism of dynamic source calcium is closed, thus cause sow production process to occur metabolic calcium disorder, namely Farrowing is weak, stages of labor is elongated, sow lassitude after piglet difficult labour and childbirth, be off one's feed and the subclinical situation such as energy is weak, and it is exactly the decline of sow feed intake that these sub-health status the most directly shows.
The present invention controls the dielectric value balance dEB value of feed in OK range by adjusting the content of sodium, potassium, chlorine, potassium is mended by falling sodium, avoid occurring sow udder edema that high salt brings, occur without phenomenons such as milk, the appetite of sow can be stimulated again, improve feed intake lactation.
Yeast extract, by regulating the microbe colony balance of sow enteron aisle, promotes intestinal growth, thus improves immunocompetence and the anti-stress ability of sow.
Glucose directly can absorb at small intestine, by giving the quick energy supply of intestinal epithelial cell, strengthen intestinal cell active, improve the immunologic function of intestinal cell, particularly under the serious stress situation of animal, glucose can play timely energy supply and recover the effect of body condition, in addition can also adjust the local flavor of feed, increase animal appetite.
Xylo-oligosaccharide directly can enter and be preferably Bifidobacterium in sow large intestine and utilized, promote that Bifidobacterium propagation produces multiple organic acid simultaneously, organic acid can stimulate intestines peristalsis, increases ight soil wettability, and keep certain osmotic pressure, thus prevent prevention of sow constipation from occurring.In addition, organic acid can also reduce enteron aisle pH value, suppresses harmful bacteria growth, probio is bred in a large number at enteron aisle, by changing the microorganism species of enteron aisle, thus improves the intestinal health situation of sow.Meanwhile, xylo-oligosaccharide has stronger absorption affinity, as Escherichia coli, Bacterium enteritidis etc. to pathogen, the pathogen can carrying attachment is excreted by enteron aisle, thus prevent disease cluster in enteron aisle, reach the object preventing from suffering from diarrhoea, indirectly strengthen the resistance of offspring piglet.
Preferred as one of the present invention, described a kind of preparation method improving the complete feed of sow feed intake perinatal period in summer, comprises the following steps:
1) component of content in complete feed formula less than 1 part is mixed for subsequent use with compound premix;
2) corn and dregs of beans are pulverized for subsequent use;
3) semi-finished product of above-mentioned steps gained and all the other components are mixed for subsequent use;
4) raw material that step 3 gained mixes is granulated, and the feed after granulating is cooled, after cooling, namely obtain complete feed.
Preferred as one of the present invention, described corn and dregs of beans grinding screen are that the pulverizer of 3.5mm is pulverized.
Preferred as one of the present invention, described pelleting temperature is 70-75 DEG C, and ring nib footpath is 3.5-5mm, and ring mould compression ratio is 1:7-9.
Preferred as one of the present invention, described chilling temperature is room temperature, and is no more than room temperature 3 DEG C.
If sow long-term meticulous feed of pulverizing of taking in breeding process easily causes a series of stomach and intestine function problems such as sow digestive tract ulcer.The feed intake of sow perinatal period own is low, sow more may be caused to occur apocleisis, abdominal discomfort, intestinal movement exception thus the generation of the illnesss such as aggravation prevention of sow constipation if food particle is meticulous, the appetite of sow is finally caused to decline, be short of physical strength, easy apocleisis, infect, the appearance such as MMA, also can affect the series of problems such as to grow of offspring piglet; If but daily ration raw material was pulverized slightly, can affect the digestibility of material, the suitableeest fineness standard (be mainly the smashing fineness of corn and dregs of beans) of 3.5mm as sow diets raw material is chosen after lot of experiments checking, but this standard is not only applicable to sow diets perinatal period, be also applicable to the overall process of sow cultivation.
Some active components improving sow intestinal health (as yeast extract etc.) are often added during design sow diets, some active component non-refractory (more than more than 85 DEG C), and sow itself to the rate that digests and absorbs of raw material higher than piglet or grower pigs, so pelleting temperature is the 70-75 DEG C of processing technology requirement that can meet sow diets.Ring mould compression ratio is elected 1:7-9 as and is ensured that the hardness of sow diets is higher than grower pigs daily ration, delays the time of feed by sow enteron aisle, and on daily ration production efficiency without too large impact.In view of above technological parameter is all conclusions that present inventor is drawn by series of experiments, can be used as the reference standard of sow diets processing technology, but different manufacturer is because of formula Design and processing technique equipment difference, may have different technological parameters.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: the complete feed that the present invention improves sow feed intake perinatal period in summer numerous macroelement, yeast extract, xylo-oligosaccharide and other nutritional labeling are carried out with the use of, than being used alone a certain or certain several nutrient is more scientific, more comprehensively.Each component fits in complete complete feed, the nutriment needed for sow breeding perinatal period can be met, alleviate sow heat stress in summer, the feed intake of sow under raising heat stress condition, thus provide enough nutrition for offspring piglet, and improve offspring's piglet immunological ability and anti-stress ability by changing milk component, thus improve the growth performance of offspring piglet, supplement high protein needed for sucking pig, higher fatty acid, promote Piglet Development.Composition of raw materials convenient sources of the present invention, cheap, be a kind of complete feed being beneficial to large-scale popularization.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
According to formula of the present invention, sow complete feed perinatal period is prepared burden, concrete component and mass fraction as follows:
Corn 66 parts, dregs of beans 17.5 parts, expanded soybean 10 parts, glucose 2 parts, deep sea fish oil 1 part, calcium powder 0.6 part, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 1.35 parts, 0.3 part, sodium chloride, 0.15 part, potassium chloride, yeast extract 0.05 part, xylo-oligosaccharide 0.05 part, compound premix 1 part.
In every kilogram of complete feed, the present embodiment compound premix is: retinol1 0000IU, vitamin D
31650IU, vitamin E 35IU, nicotinic acid 14.00mg, folic acid 1.60mg, biotin 0.18mg, iron 94mg, copper 5.80mg, manganese 30mg, zinc 95mg, all the other are ball milling system chaff.
Embodiment 2
According to formula of the present invention, sow complete feed perinatal period is prepared burden, concrete component and mass fraction as follows:
Corn 64.5 parts, dregs of beans 12.0 parts, expanded soybean 15 parts, glucose 2 parts, deep sea fish oil 3 parts, calcium powder 0.76 part, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 1.10 parts, 0.30 part, sodium chloride, 0.20 part, potassium chloride, yeast extract 0.04 part, xylo-oligosaccharide 0.10 part, compound premix 1 part.
In every kilogram of complete feed, the present embodiment compound premix is: vitamin A 8000IU, vitamin D
31550IU, vitamin E 38IU, nicotinic acid 13.50mg, folic acid 1.46mg, biotin 0.17mg, iron 90mg, copper 6.0mg, manganese 32mg, zinc 90mg, all the other are ball milling system chaff.
Embodiment 3
According to formula of the present invention, sow complete feed perinatal period is prepared burden, concrete component and mass fraction as follows:
Corn 65 parts, dregs of beans 12.5 parts, expanded soybean 15 parts, glucose 2 parts, deep sea fish oil 2 parts, calcium powder 0.6 part, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 1.35 parts, 0.3 part, sodium chloride, 0.15 part, potassium chloride, yeast extract 0.05 part, xylo-oligosaccharide 0.05 part, compound premix 1 part.
In every kilogram of complete feed, the present embodiment compound premix is: vitamin A 9000IU, vitamin D
31650IU, vitamin E 38IU, nicotinic acid 14.50mg, folic acid 1.66mg, biotin 0.20mg, iron 100mg, copper 6.0mg, manganese 32mg, zinc 90mg, all the other are ball milling system chaff.
Embodiment 4
According to formula of the present invention, sow complete feed perinatal period is prepared burden, concrete component and mass fraction as follows:
Corn 62.6 parts, dregs of beans 18.0 parts, expanded soybean 12 parts, glucose 2 parts, deep sea fish oil 2 parts, calcium powder 0.40 part, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 1.47 parts, 0.25 part, sodium chloride, 0.10 part, potassium chloride, yeast extract 0.03 part, xylo-oligosaccharide 0.15 part, compound premix 1 part.
In every kilogram of complete feed, the present embodiment compound premix is: vitamin A 8000IU, vitamin D
31450IU, vitamin E 30IU, nicotinic acid 15.00mg, folic acid 1.60mg, biotin 0.18mg, iron 95mg, copper 5.80mg, manganese 30mg, zinc 90mg, all the other are meticulous rice bran meal.
Embodiment 5
According to formula of the present invention, sow complete feed perinatal period is prepared burden, concrete component and mass fraction as follows:
Corn 65.00 parts, dregs of beans 13.0 parts, expanded soybean 15 parts, glucose 1 part, deep sea fish oil 3 parts, calcium powder 0.72 part, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 0.80 part, 0.15 part, sodium chloride, 0.20 part, potassium chloride, yeast extract 0.03 part, xylo-oligosaccharide 0.10 part, compound premix 1 part.
In every kilogram of complete feed, the present embodiment compound premix is: vitamin A 8500IU, vitamin D
31500IU, vitamin E 35IU, nicotinic acid 14.50mg, folic acid 1.60mg, biotin 0.18mg, iron 95mg, copper 6.0mg, manganese 30mg, zinc 90mg, all the other are meticulous rice bran meal.
Carry out the preparation of embodiment 1 to embodiment 5 complete feed in accordance with the following methods, concrete steps are as follows:
1) component of content in complete feed formula less than 1 part is mixed for subsequent use with compound premix;
2) pulverizer being 3.5mm by corn and dregs of beans grinding screen is pulverized;
3) semi-finished product of above-mentioned steps gained and all the other components are mixed for subsequent use;
4) granulated by the raw material that step 3 gained mixes, pelleting temperature is 75 DEG C, and ring nib footpath is 3.5mm, and ring mould compression ratio is 1:8, and by the feed cool to room temperature after granulation, obtains complete feed of the present invention.
Embodiment 6
In order to test the effect of formula forage of the present invention to sow feed intake perinatal period, on feed and the market of preparation of the present invention being filled a prescription, existing sow feed is fed sow perinatal period respectively, contrasts sow feed intake, piglet survival ratio and weaned piglet weight.
Select parity L*Y bis-that is close, 90 ages in days of breeding to mix sow 60, it is divided at random 3 groups, often organizes each 20, raising temperature is 30-35 DEG C.Existing feed (control group) on embodiment 1, embodiment 5 and market is adopted to feed 3 groups of sows respectively, calculate the per day feed intake often organizing sows in lactation when 90 ages in days start to feed different daily ration, piglet survival ratio and 21 age in days weanling weights.Sow material reducing gradually in antenatal 3 days, 1-7 days postpartum fed in raw material gradually, sow free choice feeding after 7 days.45 days experimental periods (rear 90 days-piglet 21 age in days of gestation).Experimental result is as shown in table 1 below:
Table 1 is fed the feed intake of different daily ration sows in lactation, piglet survival ratio and wean weight
Note: different letter representation significant difference (P < 0.05), same letter represents difference not significantly (P>0.05)
Can be found out by table 1 experimental data, when the sow selecting parity close is fed, the per day feed intake of sows in lactation that formula forage of the present invention is fed can reach about 4.2kg, and on market, normal diet feeds the per day feed intake of sow is about 3.8kg, illustrates employing formula forage of the present invention can significantly provide perinatal period in summer sow feed intake.Its piglet 21 age in days of the sow of forage feed of the present invention equal Beijing South Maxpower Technology Co. Ltd that weans is adopted to reach more than 6.7kg, and normal diet only has about 6.38kg, the survival rate of piglet brings up to about 94% compared to normal diet from 88%, survival rate improves 6% relatively, illustrate that adopting the present invention to feed sow can provide better nutriment and immunity for offspring piglet, is more conducive to the growth of offspring piglet.Illustrate that the present invention fills a prescription really can play by above-described embodiment and significantly improve sow feed intake and piglet 21 age in days wean counterpoise and the object of survival rate perinatal period in summer.In addition, the formula of other embodiment also can play identical effect.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all any amendments done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent replacement and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.