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CN104799398A - Two-roller shear type rubber fruit huller - Google Patents

Two-roller shear type rubber fruit huller Download PDF

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CN104799398A
CN104799398A CN201510223309.1A CN201510223309A CN104799398A CN 104799398 A CN104799398 A CN 104799398A CN 201510223309 A CN201510223309 A CN 201510223309A CN 104799398 A CN104799398 A CN 104799398A
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box
shell
separation
pipe
shell breaking
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CN104799398B (en
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王涛
徐顺
何焯亮
张喜瑞
李粤
刘世豪
梁栋
廖宇兰
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Hainan University
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Abstract

本发明属农业机械技术领域,涉及一种双辊剪切式橡胶果脱壳机。脱壳机由接料斗、破壳装置、分离装置、接壳箱和接仁箱组成,并且自上向下依次固定在机架上。在破壳装置的破壳部件中,互相平行的破壳辊和辅助辊水平置于破壳箱内,均与破壳箱构成转动连接,破壳辊的辊体表面沿径向为等间隔分布垂直固接3排沿轴向的齿柱。在分离装置的壳仁分离部件中,风叶水平置于分离箱内并与分离箱构成转动连接。工作时,橡胶果在破壳箱中受到逆时针转动的驱动破壳辊上的齿柱与辅助辊之间产生的挤压和剪切,果壳破碎,破壳后的橡胶果进入分离装置;在分离装置的壳仁分离部件中,转动的风叶产生的高速气流将果仁和果壳屑分离。本发明适用于橡胶林场处理橡胶果。

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery and relates to a double-roller shearing type rubber fruit sheller. The shelling machine is composed of a receiving hopper, a shell breaking device, a separating device, a shell receiving box and a kernel receiving box, and is fixed on the frame from top to bottom in sequence. In the shell breaking part of the shell breaking device, the shell breaking rollers and auxiliary rollers parallel to each other are horizontally placed in the shell breaking box, and both of them form a rotational connection with the shell breaking box, and the surface of the shell breaking rollers is distributed at equal intervals in the radial direction. 3 rows of tooth posts along the axial direction are fixed vertically. In the shell and kernel separation part of the separation device, the fan blade is horizontally placed in the separation box and forms a rotational connection with the separation box. When working, the rubber fruit is squeezed and sheared between the teeth column on the shell breaking roller and the auxiliary roller that rotates counterclockwise in the shell breaking box, the shell is broken, and the broken rubber fruit enters the separation device; In the husk and kernel separation part of the separation device, the high-speed airflow generated by the rotating fan blades separates the nuts and husk chips. The invention is suitable for processing rubber fruit in rubber tree farms.

Description

双辊剪切式橡胶果脱壳机Double Roller Shearing Rubber Fruit Sheller

技术领域technical field

本发明属于农业机械技术领域,特别涉及一种双辊剪切式橡胶果脱壳机。The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a double-roller shearing type rubber fruit sheller.

背景技术Background technique

我国从20世纪80年代开始研究脱壳机。1989年,徐祯祥、王汉涛等人设计了一种坚果破壳机,该机通过用特制的液压包,将压力均匀的压在坚果外壳上,可对多种大小不同坚果进行破壳。采用液压控制,果壳受力均匀的破裂,可保证仁的完整度。1994年,麻来友、康克继等人设计了坚果破碎分选自动流水线,该机器的自动化程度较高,将进料装置、筛选装置、破碎分离装置、挑选和包装装置结合在一起,对坚果果壳的破碎及壳仁的分离精度较高,其破壳部分是通过将果壳通过两挤压辊之间,通过滚动挤压,将其外壳压破,之后通过风选机等后续部分,将壳仁分离。2005年,刘清生、袁巧霞等设计了一种坚果脱壳机,由于在破壳过程中,壳仁往往容易粘连在一起,该设计通过使用轧辊和可调式挤压轧辊,使果壳破碎不易粘连,采用了振动淌筛装置对果仁进行分离,提高果仁和破碎果壳的分离率,且因轧辊距离可通过配合螺纹调节,使得挤压宽度精确控制,能减少果仁的损失。2009年,袁秋萍、周正礼等设计了一种脱壳机,山核桃进入破壳筒内时,由高速旋转的撞击棒撞击核桃,在反弹柱的多次相互撞击后,不同方向受到撞击,均匀开裂,以此提高颗粒完整的目的。2010年,李广、俞细龙等设计了一种脱壳机,由主动轴和从动轴控制轴辊和分料盘,实现物料能有序的传输,而破碎部分由大小不同的圆柱主动辊和圆锥从动辊构成,由两辊形成的上大下小的辊压腔,可将不同大小的核桃破壳,而不破坏果肉,由于速度可调节,对工业化生产有一定帮助,由以上例子看出,破壳机在挤压辊的方式上不断修正,将破壳率,壳仁分离率有所改进,同时对筛选机制更加完善。my country began to study shelling machines in the 1980s. In 1989, Xu Zhenxiang, Wang Hantao and others designed a nut cracking machine, which uses a special hydraulic package to press the pressure evenly on the nut shell, and can crack the shell of various nuts of different sizes. Using hydraulic control, the husk is broken evenly under force, which can ensure the integrity of the kernel. In 1994, Ma Laiyou, Kang Keji and others designed the automatic assembly line for nut crushing and sorting. The crushing of nut shells and the separation of shells and kernels have high precision. The shell breaking part is to pass the shells between the two extrusion rollers, roll and squeeze the shells, and then pass through the subsequent parts such as wind separators. , separate the shell and kernel. In 2005, Liu Qingsheng, Yuan Qiaoxia and others designed a nut shelling machine. Since the shells and kernels tend to stick together during the cracking process, this design uses rollers and adjustable extrusion rollers to make the nut shells broken and difficult to stick. The vibrating sieve device is used to separate the nuts, which improves the separation rate of the nuts and broken shells, and because the distance between the rollers can be adjusted by matching the thread, the extrusion width can be precisely controlled and the loss of the nuts can be reduced. In 2009, Yuan Qiuping, Zhou Zhengli and others designed a shelling machine. When hickory nuts enter the shell breaking cylinder, the walnuts are hit by a high-speed rotating impact bar. Cracking, in order to improve the purpose of particle integrity. In 2010, Li Guang, Yu Xilong, etc. designed a shelling machine, the shaft roller and the distribution plate are controlled by the driving shaft and the driven shaft, so as to realize the orderly transmission of materials, and the crushing part is composed of cylindrical driving rollers of different sizes and It is composed of conical driven rollers, and the upper and lower roller pressure chambers formed by two rollers can crack walnuts of different sizes without destroying the pulp. Since the speed can be adjusted, it is helpful to industrial production. Seen from the above examples It can be seen that the shell breaking machine is continuously revised in the way of extrusion rollers, the shell breaking rate and shell kernel separation rate are improved, and the screening mechanism is more perfect.

在探究国内外的坚果脱壳机理后,一般坚果脱壳机多用机械方式脱壳。国内常见的机械脱壳方法有撞击法、挤压法、剪切法、碾搓法。After exploring the nut shelling mechanism at home and abroad, the general nut shelling machines use mechanical methods for shelling. Common domestic mechanical shelling methods include impact method, extrusion method, shearing method, and rolling method.

(1)撞击脱壳法:此方法是籽粒由于高速运动时受阻,受到一个较大的冲击力,从而壳体因撞击破裂。由于仁和壳的韧性不同,而且有不同的运动速度。(1) Impact husking method: This method is that the grain is blocked due to high-speed movement and is subjected to a large impact force, so that the shell is broken due to impact. Because the toughness of the kernel and the shell is different, and there are different speeds of movement.

(2)挤压脱壳法:借助轧辊的挤压作用,使籽粒通过轧辊间隙时,受挤压而破碎。籽粒要被压破,就必须被夹持,所以轧辊间的间隙是影响脱壳率的重要因素。(2) Extrusion shelling method: With the help of the extrusion effect of the rolls, the grains are squeezed and broken when they pass through the gap between the rolls. The grain must be clamped if it is to be crushed, so the gap between the rolls is an important factor affecting the husking rate.

(3)剪切脱壳法:用锐利刀具的剪切力,将外壳切裂,实现壳仁的分离。(3) Shearing and shelling method: use the shearing force of a sharp knife to cut the shell and realize the separation of the shell and kernel.

(4)碾搓脱壳法:利用相对运动的磨片间的碾搓作用,使外壳因撕裂而破壳。(4) Grinding and shelling method: use the grinding effect between relatively moving grinding discs to tear the shell and break the shell.

采用剪切脱壳法,通过破壳辊上的齿柱和辅助辊之间的配合,实现对橡胶果的脱壳的装置是一种符合橡胶果脱壳要求的橡胶果脱壳机。Adopting the shearing shelling method, through the cooperation between the teeth column on the shell breaking roller and the auxiliary roller, the device for shelling the rubber fruit is a rubber fruit shelling machine that meets the shelling requirements of the rubber fruit.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明的目的是为了解决技术背景中所述采用剪切脱壳法,通过破壳辊上的齿柱和辅助辊之间的配合,实现对橡胶果的脱壳的装置问题,提供一种双滚压式橡胶果脱壳机,其技术方案如下:The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem of the device for shelling the rubber fruit by using the shearing shelling method described in the technical background through the cooperation between the teeth column on the shell breaking roll and the auxiliary roll, and to provide a double Rolling type rubber fruit shelling machine, its technical scheme is as follows:

双辊剪切式橡胶果脱壳机由接料斗2、破壳装置、分离装置、接壳箱6和接仁箱7组成,接料斗、破壳装置、分离装置自上向下依次固定在机架上;所述机架1由水平固接在4个竖直的机架立柱上的机架顶层横撑、机架上层横撑和机架中层横撑以及固接在前侧2个机架立柱之前的机架底座组成,接料斗2固定在机架顶层横撑上,破壳装置的破壳箱3水平固接在机架上层横撑上,分离装置的分离箱5水平固接在机架中层横撑上,接料斗2的出料口与破壳装置中的破壳箱3的破壳箱进口303连接,破壳箱3的破壳箱出口304与分离装置中的分屑管4的分屑管进口402连接,分屑管4的下部端口与分离装置中的分离箱5的分离箱进口503连接,接仁箱7在分离箱出口504之下置于地面上;接壳箱6在分屑管4的分屑管果壳出口405后下方置于固接在后侧2个机架立柱之后的支架上;The double-roller shearing rubber fruit shelling machine is composed of a receiving hopper 2, a shell breaking device, a separating device, a shell receiving box 6 and a kernel box 7, and the receiving hopper, shell breaking device, and separating device are fixed on the machine from top to bottom. on the frame; the frame 1 is composed of a frame top row brace horizontally fixed on 4 vertical rack columns, a frame upper row brace and a frame middle row brace and two racks fixed on the front side The frame base in front of the column is composed of the frame base, the receiving hopper 2 is fixed on the top floor cross brace of the frame, the shell breaking box 3 of the shell breaking device is horizontally fixed on the frame upper floor cross brace, and the separation box 5 of the separation device is horizontally fixed on the machine frame. On the cross brace of the middle layer of the frame, the discharge port of the receiving hopper 2 is connected with the shell breaking box inlet 303 of the shell breaking box 3 in the shell breaking device, and the shell breaking box outlet 304 of the shell breaking box 3 is connected with the chip separating pipe 4 in the separating device The chip dividing pipe inlet 402 is connected, and the lower port of the chip dividing pipe 4 is connected with the separating box inlet 503 of the separating box 5 in the separation device, and the kernel box 7 is placed on the ground under the separating box outlet 504; the shell box 6 Place the support behind the 2 rack columns on the rear side behind and below the shell outlet 405 of the chip separating pipe 4;

所述破壳装置由破壳箱3、破壳辊8、辅助辊9、破壳带轮10、电机Ⅰ 11、电机带轮Ⅰ 12和皮带Ⅰ 13组成,破壳箱3水平固接在机架1的机架上层横撑上,破壳箱3由破壳箱上箱301和破壳箱下箱302组成,破壳箱上箱301和破壳箱下箱302上下相对用法兰和螺栓连接成破壳箱3,破壳辊8和辅助辊9互相平行,并且水平置于破壳箱3内,破壳辊8和辅助辊9都通过各自的端轴以及在破壳箱左右侧壁上的轴孔中的轴承与破壳箱3构成转动连接,破壳辊带轮10固接在破壳辊8的左端轴上;破壳箱进口303设置在破壳箱上箱301的顶部,破壳箱进口303与接料斗2的出料口连接,破壳箱出口304设置在破壳箱下箱302的底部;The shell breaking device is composed of shell breaking box 3, shell breaking roller 8, auxiliary roll 9, shell breaking pulley 10, motor I 11, motor pulley I 12 and belt I 13, and shell breaking box 3 is horizontally fixed on the machine On the upper horizontal brace of the frame of frame 1, the shell breaking box 3 is composed of the shell breaking box upper box 301 and the shell breaking box lower box 302, and the shell breaking box upper box 301 and the shell breaking box lower box 302 are connected up and down relative to each other by flanges and bolts The shell breaking box 3 is formed, the shell breaking roller 8 and the auxiliary roll 9 are parallel to each other, and placed horizontally in the shell breaking box 3, the shell breaking roller 8 and the auxiliary roll 9 pass through their respective end shafts and on the left and right side walls of the shell breaking box The bearing in the shaft hole of the shaft hole forms a rotational connection with the shell breaking box 3, and the shell breaking roller belt pulley 10 is fixedly connected on the left end shaft of the shell breaking roller 8; the shell breaking box inlet 303 is arranged on the top of the shell breaking box 301, and the shell breaking The shell box inlet 303 is connected to the discharge port of the hopper 2, and the shell breaking box outlet 304 is arranged at the bottom of the shell breaking box lower box 302;

所述破壳辊8中,在破壳辊体801的圆柱面上沿轴向有3排齿柱802,齿柱802垂直固接在破壳辊体801上,3排齿柱802沿径向为等间隔分布,每排齿柱内,齿柱802的间隔为5~10mm,齿柱802的高度为10~20mm;In the shell-breaking roller 8, there are three rows of tooth columns 802 in the axial direction on the cylindrical surface of the shell-breaking roller body 801, and the tooth columns 802 are vertically fixed on the shell-breaking roller body 801, and the three rows of tooth columns 802 are arranged along the radial direction. Distributed at equal intervals, in each row of tooth columns, the interval of the tooth columns 802 is 5-10mm, and the height of the tooth columns 802 is 10-20mm;

在破壳箱3内,破壳辊8转动时,破壳辊8上的齿柱802的端面与辅助辊9的表面的最小间距为5~10mm;In the shell breaking box 3, when the shell breaking roller 8 rotates, the minimum distance between the end face of the tooth column 802 on the shell breaking roller 8 and the surface of the auxiliary roller 9 is 5-10mm;

破壳辊带轮10固接在破壳辊8的左端轴上,电机Ⅰ 11固定在机架底座上,电机带轮Ⅰ 12固接在电机Ⅰ 11的轴上,破壳辊带轮10、电机带轮Ⅰ 12和皮带Ⅰ 13构成皮带传动机构;电机Ⅰ 11驱动破壳辊8做逆时针转动,由破壳箱进口303进入破壳箱3的橡胶果19落在破壳辊8的破壳辊体801表面与辅助辊9表面之间的间隙上,橡胶果19在随破壳辊8转动的齿柱802与辅助辊9之间产生的挤压和剪切作用下外壳破裂,破壳后的橡胶果的果仁和果壳混合料穿过破壳辊体801表面与辅助辊9表面之间的间隙,从破壳箱出口304进入分离装置,完成橡胶果破壳工序;The shell breaking roller pulley 10 is affixed on the left end shaft of the shell breaking roller 8, the motor I 11 is fixed on the frame base, the motor pulley I 12 is affixed on the shaft of the motor I 11, and the shell breaking roller belt pulley 10, The motor pulley I 12 and the belt I 13 form a belt transmission mechanism; the motor I 11 drives the shell breaking roller 8 to rotate counterclockwise, and the rubber fruit 19 entering the shell breaking box 3 from the shell breaking box inlet 303 falls on the broken shell of the shell breaking roller 8 On the gap between the surface of the shell roller body 801 and the surface of the auxiliary roller 9, the shell of the rubber fruit 19 is ruptured under the extrusion and shearing action between the tooth column 802 that rotates with the shell breaking roller 8 and the auxiliary roller 9, and the shell is broken. The kernel and shell mixture of the finished rubber fruit passes through the gap between the surface of the shell breaking roller body 801 and the surface of the auxiliary roller 9, and enters the separation device from the shell breaking box outlet 304 to complete the shell breaking process of the rubber fruit;

所述分离装置由分屑管4、分离箱5、风叶14、风叶带轮15、电机Ⅱ 16、电机带轮Ⅱ 17和皮带Ⅱ 18组成,分离箱5水平固接在机架中层横撑上;The separation device is composed of chip separating pipe 4, separation box 5, fan blade 14, fan blade pulley 15, motor II 16, motor pulley II 17 and belt II 18, and the separation box 5 is fixed horizontally on the middle layer of the frame prop up;

所述分屑管4为不对称的Y形结构,管内隔板401竖直固接在下部管道内将下部管道分隔成前后两部分管道,分别为前部管道和后部管道,并且将分屑管4的下部端口分隔成分屑管出口403和分屑管果壳进口404,前部管道与分屑管4的上部向前的长管道连通为壳仁混合进料通道,后部管道与分屑管4的上部向后的短管道连通为果壳排出通道,壳仁混合进料通道的上端口为分屑管进口402,短管道的上端封闭,果壳排出通道在后侧板上部开口,其开口为向后下方的分屑管果壳出口405,在分屑管4下部,壳仁混合进料通道的下端口为分屑管出口404,分屑管进口402和破壳箱出口304连接;The chip distribution pipe 4 is an asymmetrical Y-shaped structure, and the partition plate 401 in the pipe is vertically fixed in the lower pipeline to separate the lower pipeline into two parts, the front pipeline and the rear pipeline, respectively, and separate the debris The lower port of the pipe 4 is separated into the crumb pipe outlet 403 and the crumb pipe husk inlet 404, and the front pipe is connected with the upper forward long pipe of the crumb pipe 4 to be the mixed feeding channel for shell kernels, and the rear pipe is connected with the crumb pipe. The short pipe at the top of the pipe 4 is connected to the shell discharge channel, and the upper port of the shell kernel mixed feed channel is the chip distribution pipe inlet 402. The upper end of the short pipe is closed, and the shell discharge channel is opened at the top of the rear side plate The opening is the shell outlet 405 of the crumb splitting tube backward and downward, and at the bottom of the crumb splitting tube 4, the lower port of the shell and kernel mixed feed channel is the chip splitting tube outlet 404, and the chip splitting tube inlet 402 is connected with the shell breaking box outlet 304;

所述分离箱5由分离上箱501和分离下箱502组成,分离上箱501的顶部有分离箱进口503,在分离箱进口503之下,分离上箱隔板506竖直固接在分离上箱501的左右侧板上,分离上箱隔板506的下边沿与分离上箱501的法兰在同一平面内,分离上箱隔板506将分离上箱501内的空间分隔成分离上箱风叶室508和分离上箱果仁通道510,在分离上箱风叶室508内,分离箱隔离网505斜向下设置,其上边沿与分离上箱501的顶板固接,下边沿与分离上箱隔板506的上边沿固接,左右两边沿分别与分离上箱501的左右侧板固接;The separation box 5 is composed of a separation upper case 501 and a separation lower case 502. There is a separation box inlet 503 on the top of the separation upper case 501. Below the separation box inlet 503, a separation upper case partition 506 is vertically fixed on the separation box. On the left and right side plates of the case 501, the lower edge of the separation upper case partition 506 is in the same plane as the flange of the separation upper case 501, and the separation upper case partition 506 separates the space in the separation upper case 501 into separate upper case winds. Leaf chamber 508 and separation upper box nut channel 510, in the separation upper box wind leaf chamber 508, separation box isolation net 505 is arranged obliquely downward, its upper edge is affixed to the top plate of the separation upper box 501, and the lower edge is connected to the separation upper The upper edge of the box partition 506 is affixed, and the left and right edges are respectively affixed to the left and right side plates of the separated upper box 501;

在分离下箱502内,分离下箱隔板507竖直固接在分离下箱502的左右侧板上,分离下箱隔板507的上边沿与分离下箱502的法兰在同一平面内,并且在分离上箱501和分离下箱502装配成分离箱5时,分离上箱隔板506和分离下箱隔板507在同一个竖直平面内,分离下箱隔板507将分离下箱502内的空间分隔成分离下箱风叶室509和分离下箱果仁通道511,分离下箱风叶室509的底部封闭,分离下箱果仁通道511的下端口为分离箱出口504,在分离下箱502的前壁上有进风孔512;In the separated lower case 502, the separated lower case partition 507 is vertically fixed on the left and right side plates of the separated lower case 502, and the upper edge of the separated lower case partition 507 is in the same plane as the flange of the separated lower case 502. And when separating upper case 501 and separating lower case 502 into separating case 5, separating upper case dividing plate 506 and separating lower case dividing plate 507 are in the same vertical plane, separating lower case dividing plate 507 will separate lower case 502 The inner space is divided into the separation lower case fan blade chamber 509 and the separation lower case nut channel 511, the bottom of the separation lower case fan blade chamber 509 is closed, and the lower port of the separation lower case nut passage 511 is the separation case outlet 504. Air inlet holes 512 are arranged on the front wall of the lower box 502;

分离上箱501和分离下箱502上下相对用法兰和螺栓连接组成分离箱5,分离上箱风叶室508和分离下箱风叶室509组成分离箱风叶室,分离上箱果仁通道510和分离下箱果仁通道511组成分离箱果仁通道;Separation upper box 501 and separation lower box 502 are connected up and down with flanges and bolts to form separation box 5, separation upper box wind leaf chamber 508 and separation lower box wind leaf chamber 509 form separation box wind leaf chamber, separation upper box nut channel 510 and the nut channel 511 of the separated lower box to form the nut channel of the separated box;

所述风叶14的结构为轴体上沿径向等间隔固接3~5个轴向的叶片;在分离箱隔离网505之下,风叶14水平置于分离箱5的分离箱风叶室内,风叶14通过端轴以及在分离箱左右侧壁上的轴孔中的轴承与分离箱5构成转动连接;风叶带轮15固接在风叶14的端轴上,分离箱进口503与分屑管4的下部端口连接;电机Ⅱ 16固定在机架底座上,电机带轮Ⅱ 17固接在电机Ⅱ 16的轴上,风叶带轮15、电机带轮Ⅱ 17和皮带Ⅱ 18构成皮带传动机构;The structure of the fan blade 14 is that 3 to 5 axial blades are fixed at equal intervals along the radial direction on the shaft body; under the separation box isolation net 505, the fan blade 14 is horizontally placed on the separation box fan blade of the separation box 5 In the room, the fan blade 14 forms a rotational connection with the separation box 5 through the end shaft and the bearings in the shaft holes on the left and right side walls of the separation box; the fan blade pulley 15 is fixed on the end shaft of the fan blade 14, and the separation box inlet 50 It is connected with the lower port of the chip distribution pipe 4; the motor II 16 is fixed on the frame base, the motor pulley II 17 is fixed on the shaft of the motor II 16, the fan blade pulley 15, the motor pulley II 17 and the belt II 18 Form a belt drive mechanism;

电机Ⅱ 16驱动风叶14顺时针转动,从分离箱隔离网505排出高速气流,从分屑管出口403落下的果仁和果壳屑的混合料在高速气流的作用下,果壳屑向上运动进入果壳排出通道,经分屑管果壳出口405排出落到接壳箱6,果仁落入分离箱果仁通道,从分离箱出口504排出落到接仁箱7,完成橡胶果的壳仁分离工序。The motor Ⅱ 16 drives the wind blade 14 to rotate clockwise, and the high-speed airflow is discharged from the separation box isolation net 505, and the mixture of nuts and husk chips falling from the outlet 403 of the crumb separating pipe moves upwards into the husk chips under the action of the high-speed airflow. The husk discharge channel is discharged through the husk outlet 405 of the crumb separating pipe and falls to the shell receiving box 6, and the nuts fall into the nut channel of the separation box, and are discharged from the separation box outlet 504 and fall to the kernel box 7 to complete the husk kernel of the rubber fruit Separation process.

本发明的有益效果为:采用双辊剪切式橡胶果脱壳原理能够提高橡胶果皮的破碎效果,提高了橡胶果橡胶果壳仁分离效率,适用于橡胶林场处理橡胶果。The beneficial effect of the present invention is: adopting the double-roller shearing type rubber fruit shelling principle can improve the crushing effect of the rubber fruit skin, improve the separation efficiency of the rubber fruit shell and kernel, and is suitable for processing the rubber fruit in rubber forest farms.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为双辊剪切式橡胶果脱壳机整体结构示意图;Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of double-roller shearing type rubber fruit sheller;

图2为破壳装置的破壳部件结构示意图;Fig. 2 is the schematic structural representation of the cracking parts of the cracking device;

图3为分屑管结构示意图;Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the debris pipe;

图4为图3的A-A剖视图;Fig. 4 is A-A sectional view of Fig. 3;

图5为分离装置的壳仁分离部件结构示意图;Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the shell kernel separating part of the separating device;

图6为破壳箱上箱结构示意图;Fig. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of the upper box of the shell breaking box;

图7为破壳箱下箱结构示意图;Fig. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of the lower box of the shell breaking box;

图8为破壳辊结构示意图;Fig. 8 is a structural schematic diagram of a shell breaking roller;

图9为橡胶果破壳过程示意图;Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of rubber fruit breaking process;

图10为分离箱上箱结构示意图;Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of the upper box of the separation box;

图11为分离箱下箱结构示意图;Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lower box of the separation box;

图12为风叶结构示意图。Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fan blade.

图中,1--机架,2--接料斗,3--破壳箱,4--分屑管,5--分离箱,6--接壳箱,7--接仁箱,8--破壳辊,9--辅助辊,10--破壳辊带轮,11--电机Ⅰ ,12--电机带轮Ⅰ ,13--皮带Ⅰ ,14--风叶,15--风叶带轮,16--电机Ⅱ ,17--电机带轮Ⅱ ,18--皮带Ⅱ ,19--橡胶果,301--破壳箱上箱,302--破壳箱下箱,303--破壳箱入口,304--破壳箱出口,401--管内隔板,402--分屑管进口,403--分屑管出口,404--分屑管果壳进口,405--分屑管果壳出口,501--分离上箱,502--分离下箱,503--分离箱进口,504--分离箱出口,505--分离箱隔离网,506--分离上箱隔板,507--分离下箱隔板,508--分离上箱风叶室,509--分离下箱风叶室,510--分离上箱果仁通道,511--分离下箱果仁通道,512--进风孔,801--破壳辊体,802--齿柱。In the figure, 1--frame, 2--receiving hopper, 3--breaking shell box, 4--crushing tube, 5--separating box, 6--shell receiving box, 7--kernel receiving box, 8 --Cracking roller, 9--auxiliary roller, 10--pulley of shell-breaking roller, 11--motor Ⅰ, 12--motor pulley Ⅰ, 13--belt Ⅰ, 14--fan blade, 15-- Fan blade pulley, 16--motor Ⅱ, 17--motor pulley Ⅱ, 18--belt Ⅱ, 19--rubber fruit, 301--upper box, 302--lower box, 303 --Entrance of cracking box, 304--Exit of cracking box, 401--Separator inside the tube, 402--Inlet of chip splitting tube, 403--Outlet of chip splitting tube, 404--Inlet of shells of chip splitting tube, 405- -Separation tube shell outlet, 501--separation upper box, 502--separation lower box, 503--separation box inlet, 504--separation box outlet, 505--separation box isolation net, 506--separation upper box Partition plate, 507--separate the lower box partition, 508--separate the fan blade chamber of the upper box, 509--separate the fan blade chamber of the lower box, 510--separate the nut channel of the upper box, 511--separate the lower box nut Passage, 512--air inlet hole, 801--breaking the shell roller body, 802--tooth post.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

以下结合附图和实施实例对本发明的具体结构和工作过程进一步的描述。The specific structure and working process of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and implementation examples.

图1为双辊剪切式橡胶果脱壳机整体结构示意图,双辊剪切式橡胶果脱壳机由接料斗2、破壳装置、分离装置、接壳箱6和接仁箱7组成,接料斗2、破壳装置、分离装置自上向下依次固定在机架上。机架1由水平固接在4个竖直的机架立柱上的机架顶层横撑、机架上层横撑和机架中层横撑以及固接在前侧2个机架立柱之前的机架底座组成。接料斗2固定在机架顶层横撑上,破壳装置的破壳箱3水平固接在机架上层横撑上,分离装置的分离箱5水平固接在机架中层横撑上。接料斗2的出料口与破壳装置中的破壳箱3的破壳箱进口303连接,破壳箱3的破壳箱出口304与分离装置中的分屑管4的分屑管进口402连接,分屑管4的下部端口与分离装置中的分离箱5的分离箱进口503连接,接仁箱7在分离箱出口504之下置于地面上,接壳箱6在分屑管4的分屑管果壳出口405后下方置于固接在后侧2个机架立柱之后的支架上。Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a double-roller shearing type rubber fruit sheller. The double-roller shearing type rubbery fruit sheller is composed of a receiving hopper 2, a shell breaking device, a separation device, a shelling box 6 and a kernel box 7. The receiving hopper 2, shell breaking device and separating device are fixed on the frame successively from top to bottom. Rack 1 consists of the rack top horizontal brace, the upper rack horizontal brace and the rack middle horizontal brace fixed horizontally on the 4 vertical rack columns, and the rack fixed in front of the front two rack columns base composition. The receiving hopper 2 is fixed on the frame top floor cross brace, the shell breaking box 3 of the shell breaking device is horizontally fixed on the frame upper floor cross brace, and the separation box 5 of the separation device is horizontally fixed on the frame middle layer cross brace. The discharge port of the receiving hopper 2 is connected with the shell breaking box inlet 303 of the shell breaking box 3 in the shell breaking device, and the shell breaking box outlet 304 of the shell breaking box 3 is connected with the chip separating tube inlet 402 of the chip separating tube 4 in the separating device Connect, the lower port of the crumb pipe 4 is connected with the separation box inlet 503 of the separation box 5 in the separation device, the kernel box 7 is placed on the ground under the separation box outlet 504, and the shell box 6 is placed on the ground under the crumb pipe 4. The lower part of the crumb pipe shell outlet 405 is placed on the support fixed behind the 2 frame columns on the rear side.

破壳装置由破壳箱3、破壳辊8、辅助辊9、破壳带轮10、电机Ⅰ 11、电机带轮Ⅰ 12和皮带Ⅰ 13组成,破壳箱3水平固接在机架1的机架上层横撑上。The shell breaking device is composed of shell breaking box 3, shell breaking roller 8, auxiliary roll 9, shell breaking pulley 10, motor I 11, motor pulley I 12 and belt I 13, and shell breaking box 3 is horizontally fixed on frame 1 on the upper cross brace of the rack.

破壳装置的破壳部件结构如图2所示,破壳箱3由破壳箱上箱301和破壳箱下箱302组成,破壳箱上箱301和破壳箱下箱302上下相对用法兰和螺栓连接构成破壳箱3,破壳辊8和辅助辊9互相平行,并且水平置于破壳箱3内,破壳辊8和辅助辊9都通过各自的端轴以及在破壳箱左右侧壁上的轴孔中的轴承与破壳箱3构成转动连接。如图6所示的破壳箱上箱结构和图7所示的破壳箱下箱结构,破壳箱进口303设置在破壳箱上箱301的顶部,破壳箱进口303与接料斗2的出料口连接,破壳箱出口304设置在破壳箱下箱302的底部。图8为破壳辊结构示意图,破壳辊8中,在破壳辊体801的圆柱面上沿轴向有3排齿柱802,齿柱802垂直固接在破壳辊体801上,3排齿柱802沿径向为等间隔分布,每排齿柱内,齿柱802的间隔为10mm,齿柱802的高度为15mm。The cracking part structure of the cracking device is shown in Figure 2, the cracking box 3 is composed of a cracking box upper box 301 and a cracking box lower box 302, and the cracking box upper box 301 and the cracking box lower box 302 are used relative to each other up and down. The shell is connected with the bolt to form the shell breaking box 3, the shell breaking roller 8 and the auxiliary roll 9 are parallel to each other, and placed horizontally in the shell breaking box 3, the shell breaking roller 8 and the auxiliary roll 9 pass through their respective end shafts and in the shell breaking box Bearings in the shaft holes on the left and right side walls form a rotational connection with the shell breaking box 3. The shell breaking box upper box structure shown in Figure 6 and the shell breaking box lower box structure shown in Figure 7, the shell breaking box inlet 303 is arranged on the top of the shell breaking box upper box 301, and the shell breaking box inlet 303 is connected to the receiving hopper 2 The discharge port of the shell is connected, and the shell breaking box outlet 304 is arranged on the bottom of the shell breaking box lower box 302. Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the shell breaking roller. In the shell breaking roller 8, there are three rows of tooth columns 802 along the axial direction on the cylindrical surface of the shell breaking roller body 801, and the tooth columns 802 are fixed vertically on the shell breaking roller body 801. The rows of tooth columns 802 are distributed at equal intervals along the radial direction. In each row of tooth columns, the interval between the tooth columns 802 is 10mm, and the height of the tooth columns 802 is 15mm.

在破壳箱3内,破壳辊8转动时,破壳辊8上的齿柱802的端面与辅助辊9的表面的最小间距为8mm。In the shell breaking box 3, when the breaking shell roller 8 rotates, the minimum distance between the end surface of the tooth column 802 on the shell breaking roll 8 and the surface of the auxiliary roller 9 is 8mm.

破壳辊带轮10固接在破壳辊8的左端轴上,电机Ⅰ 11固定在机架底座上,电机带轮Ⅰ 12固接在电机Ⅰ 11的轴上,破壳辊带轮10、电机带轮Ⅰ 12和皮带Ⅰ 13构成皮带传动机构。The shell breaking roller pulley 10 is affixed on the left end shaft of the shell breaking roller 8, the motor I 11 is fixed on the frame base, the motor pulley I 12 is affixed on the shaft of the motor I 11, and the shell breaking roller belt pulley 10, Motor pulley I 12 and belt I 13 constitute a belt transmission mechanism.

分离装置由分屑管4、分离箱5、风叶14、风叶带轮15、电机Ⅱ 16、电机带轮Ⅱ 17和皮带Ⅱ 18组成,分离箱5水平固接在机架中层横撑上。The separation device is composed of chip separation pipe 4, separation box 5, fan blade 14, fan blade pulley 15, motor II 16, motor pulley II 17 and belt II 18, and the separation box 5 is horizontally fixed on the middle horizontal support of the frame .

如图3所示的分屑管结构示意图和图4所示的图3的A-A剖视图,分屑管4为不对称的Y形结构,管内隔板401竖直固接在下部管道内将下部管道分隔成前后两部分管道,分别为前部管道和后部管道,并且将分屑管4的下部端口分隔成分屑管出口403和分屑管果壳进口404,前部管道与分屑管4的上部向前的长管道连通为壳仁混合进料通道,后部管道与分屑管4的上部向后的短管道连通为果壳排出通道,壳仁混合进料通道的上端口为分屑管进口402,短管道的上端封闭,果壳排出通道在后侧板上部开口,其开口为向后下方的分屑管果壳出口405。在分屑管4下部,壳仁混合进料通道的下端口为分屑管出口404,分屑管进口402和破壳箱出口304连接。The schematic diagram of the chip distribution pipe structure shown in Figure 3 and the A-A sectional view of Figure 3 shown in Figure 4, the chip distribution pipe 4 is an asymmetrical Y-shaped structure, and the inner partition 401 is vertically fixed in the lower pipe to connect the lower pipe Divided into front and rear two pipelines, respectively the front pipeline and the rear pipeline, and the lower port of the chip distribution pipe 4 is separated into the chip distribution pipe outlet 403 and the chip distribution pipe shell inlet 404, the front pipe and the chip distribution pipe 4 The upper part of the forward long pipeline is connected to the shell and kernel mixed feeding channel, the rear pipeline is connected to the upper and backward short pipeline of the chip separating pipe 4 as the fruit shell discharge channel, and the upper port of the shell and kernel mixed feeding channel is the chip separating pipe Inlet 402, the upper end of short pipe is closed, and the fruit shell discharge channel is opened on the rear side plate top, and its opening is the crumb pipe fruit shell outlet 405 towards the rear and below. In the bottom part of the chip separating pipe 4, the lower port of the shell and kernel mixing feed channel is the chip separating pipe outlet 404, and the chip separating pipe inlet 402 is connected with the shell breaking box outlet 304.

壳仁分离部件中的分离箱5由分离上箱501和分离下箱502组成。图10为分离箱上箱结构示意图,分离上箱501的顶部有分离箱进口503,在分离箱进口503之下,分离上箱隔板506竖直固接在分离上箱501的左右侧板上,分离上箱隔板506的下边沿与分离上箱501的法兰在同一平面内,分离上箱隔板506将分离上箱501内的空间分隔成分离上箱风叶室508和分离上箱果仁通道510。在分离上箱风叶室508内,分离箱隔离网505斜向下设置,其上边沿与分离上箱501的顶板固接,下边沿与分离上箱隔板506的上边沿固接,左右两边沿分别与分离上箱501的左右侧板固接。The separation case 5 in the shell kernel separating part is made up of separation upper case 501 and separation lower case 502. Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the upper box structure of the separation box. There is a separation box inlet 503 on the top of the separation upper box 501. Under the separation box inlet 503, the separation upper box partition 506 is vertically fixed on the left and right side plates of the separation upper box 501. , the lower edge of the separation upper case partition 506 is in the same plane as the flange of the separation upper case 501, and the separation upper case partition 506 separates the space in the separation upper case 501 into a separation upper case fan chamber 508 and a separation upper case 510 Nut Drive. In the separation upper box wind blade chamber 508, the separation box isolation net 505 is arranged obliquely downward, its upper edge is affixed to the top plate of the separation upper box 501, and its lower edge is affixed to the upper edge of the separation upper box partition plate 506. The edges are respectively affixed to the left and right side panels of the separated upper case 501 .

图11为分离箱下箱结构示意图,在分离下箱502内,分离下箱隔板507竖直固接在分离下箱502的左右侧板上,分离下箱隔板507的上边沿与分离下箱502的法兰在同一平面内,并且在分离上箱501和分离下箱502装配成分离箱5时,分离上箱隔板506和分离下箱隔板507在同一个竖直平面内。分离下箱隔板507将分离下箱502内的空间分隔成分离下箱风叶室509和分离下箱果仁通道511,分离下箱风叶室509的底部封闭,分离下箱果仁通道511的下端口为分离箱出口504,在分离下箱502的前壁上有进风孔512。Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lower case of the separation box. In the separation lower case 502, the separation lower case partition 507 is vertically fixed on the left and right side plates of the separation lower case 502, and the upper edge of the separation lower case partition 507 is connected with the separation bottom. The flange of case 502 is in the same plane, and when separating upper case 501 and separating lower case 502 into separating case 5, separating upper case dividing plate 506 and separating lower case dividing plate 507 are in the same vertical plane. Separate the lower case partition plate 507 to separate the space in the lower case 502 into the separated lower case fan blade chamber 509 and the separated lower case nut passage 511, the bottom of the separated lower case fan blade chamber 509 is closed, and the separated lower case nut passage 511 The lower port is the separation box outlet 504, and an air inlet 512 is arranged on the front wall of the separation lower box 502.

分离装置的壳仁分离部件结构如图5所示,分离上箱501和分离下箱502上下相对用法兰和螺栓连接组成分离箱5,分离上箱风叶室508和分离下箱风叶室509组成分离箱风叶室,分离上箱果仁通道510和分离下箱果仁通道511组成分离箱果仁通道。The structure of the shell and kernel separation parts of the separation device is shown in Figure 5. The separation upper case 501 and the separation lower case 502 are relatively connected up and down with flanges and bolts to form the separation case 5, and the separation upper case fan chamber 508 and the separation lower case fan chamber 509 The fan blade chamber of the separating box is formed, and the nut passage 510 of the upper separation box and the nut passage 511 of the lower box form the nut passage of the separation box.

如图12的风叶结构示意图所示,风叶14的结构为轴体上沿径向等间隔固接3个轴向的叶片。在分离箱隔离网505之下,风叶14水平置于分离箱5的分离箱风叶室内,风叶14通过端轴以及在分离箱左右侧壁上的轴孔中的轴承与分离箱5构成转动连接,风叶带轮15固接在风叶14的端轴上,分离箱进口503与分屑管4的下部端口连接。电机Ⅱ 16固定在机架底座上,电机带轮Ⅱ 17固接在电机Ⅱ 16的轴上,风叶带轮15、电机带轮Ⅱ 17和皮带Ⅱ 18构成皮带传动机构。As shown in the schematic diagram of the blade structure in FIG. 12 , the structure of the blade 14 is that three axial blades are fixed at equal intervals in the radial direction on the shaft body. Under the separation box isolation net 505, the fan blade 14 is horizontally placed in the separation box fan chamber of the separation box 5, and the fan blade 14 is formed by the end shaft and the bearings in the shaft holes on the left and right side walls of the separation box and the separation box 5 Rotationally connected, the fan blade pulley 15 is fixedly connected on the end shaft of the fan blade 14, and the inlet 503 of the separation box is connected with the lower port of the chip separating pipe 4. The motor II 16 is fixed on the frame base, the motor pulley II 17 is fixedly connected on the shaft of the motor II 16, and the fan blade pulley 15, the motor pulley II 17 and the belt II 18 form a belt transmission mechanism.

双辊剪切式橡胶果脱壳机工作过程:The working process of the double-roll shear rubber fruit sheller:

工作时,将橡胶果倒入接料斗中,橡胶果进入破壳装置的破壳箱中,如图9所示的橡胶果破壳过程示意图,电机Ⅰ 11驱动破壳辊8做逆时针转动,由破壳箱进口303进入破壳箱3的橡胶果19落在破壳辊8的破壳辊体801表面与辅助辊9表面之间的间隙上,橡胶果19在随破壳辊8转动的齿柱802与辅助辊9之间产生的挤压和剪切作用下外壳破裂,破壳后的橡胶果的果仁和果壳混合料穿过破壳辊体801表面与辅助辊9表面之间的间隙,从破壳箱出口304进入分离装置,完成橡胶果破壳工序。电机Ⅱ 16驱动风叶14顺时针转动,从分离箱隔离网505排出高速气流,从分屑管出口403落下的果仁和果壳屑的混合料在高速气流的作用下,果壳屑向上运动进入果壳排出通道,经分屑管果壳出口405排出落到接壳箱6,果仁落入分离箱果仁通道,从分离箱出口504排出落到接仁箱7,完成橡胶果的壳仁分离工序。During work, the rubber fruit is poured into the hopper, and the rubber fruit enters the shell-breaking box of the shell-breaking device, as shown in Figure 9, the rubber fruit shell-breaking process schematic diagram, the motor I 11 drives the shell-breaking roller 8 to rotate counterclockwise, The rubber fruit 19 that enters the shell-breaking box 3 by the shell-breaking box inlet 303 falls on the gap between the shell-breaking roller body 801 surface of the shell-breaking roller 8 and the surface of the auxiliary roller 9, and the rubber fruit 19 rotates with the shell-breaking roller 8 The shell is broken under the extrusion and shearing action produced between the tooth column 802 and the auxiliary roller 9, and the nut and shell mixture of the rubber fruit after the shelling passes through the gap between the surface of the shell breaking roller body 801 and the surface of the auxiliary roller 9. The gap enters the separation device from the shell breaking box outlet 304 to complete the rubber fruit shell breaking process. The motor Ⅱ 16 drives the wind blade 14 to rotate clockwise, and the high-speed airflow is discharged from the separation box isolation net 505, and the mixture of nuts and husk chips falling from the outlet 403 of the crumb separating pipe moves upwards into the husk chips under the action of the high-speed airflow. The husk discharge channel is discharged through the husk outlet 405 of the crumb separating pipe and falls to the shell receiving box 6, and the nuts fall into the nut channel of the separation box, and are discharged from the separation box outlet 504 and fall to the kernel box 7 to complete the husk kernel of the rubber fruit Separation process.

本发明适用于橡胶林场处理橡胶果。The invention is suitable for processing rubber fruit in rubber tree farms.

Claims (3)

1.一种双辊剪切式橡胶果脱壳机,其特征在于,双辊剪切式橡胶果脱壳机由接料斗(2)、破壳装置、分离装置、接壳箱(6)和接仁箱(7)组成,接料斗、破壳装置、分离装置自上向下依次固定在机架(1)上;所述机架(1)由水平固接在4个竖直的机架立柱上的机架顶层横撑、机架上层横撑和机架中层横撑以及固接在前侧2个机架立柱之前的机架底座组成,接料斗(2)固定在机架顶层横撑上,破壳装置的破壳箱(3)水平固接在机架上层横撑上,分离装置的分离箱(5)水平固接在机架中层横撑上,接料斗(2)的出料口与破壳装置中的破壳箱(3)的破壳箱进口(303)连接,破壳箱(3)的破壳箱出口(304)与分离装置中的分屑管(4)的分屑管进口(402)连接,分屑管(4)的下部端口与分离装置中的分离箱(5)的分离箱进口(503)连接,接仁箱(7)在分离箱出口(504)之下置于地面上;接壳箱(6)在分屑管(4)的分屑管果壳出口(405)后下方置于固接在后侧2个机架立柱之后的支架上;1. a double-roller shearing type rubber fruit sheller is characterized in that the double-roller shearing type rubbery fruit sheller consists of a receiving hopper (2), a broken shell device, a separation device, a shell connection box (6) and The kernel box (7) is composed of a hopper, a shell breaking device and a separating device which are sequentially fixed on the frame (1) from top to bottom; the frame (1) is fixed on four vertical frames horizontally The top rack cross brace on the column, the upper rack cross brace and the rack middle cross brace, and the rack base fixed in front of the two rack columns on the front side, the hopper (2) is fixed on the top rack cross brace Above, the shell-breaking box (3) of the shell-breaking device is fixed horizontally on the upper cross brace of the frame, the separation box (5) of the separation device is horizontally fixed on the middle cross brace of the frame, and the discharge of the hopper (2) The opening is connected with the cracking box inlet (303) of the cracking box (3) in the cracking device, and the cracking box outlet (304) of the cracking box (3) is connected with the separating device of the chip separating pipe (4). The chip pipe inlet (402) is connected, the lower port of the chip separating pipe (4) is connected with the separation box inlet (503) of the separation box (5) in the separation device, and the kernel box (7) is between the separation box outlet (504) Put it on the ground; the shell box (6) is placed on the support behind the 2 rack columns on the rear side below the crumb pipe fruit shell outlet (405) of the crumb pipe (4); 所述破壳装置由破壳箱(3)、破壳辊(8)、辅助辊(9)、破壳带轮10、电机Ⅰ(11)、电机带轮Ⅰ(12)和皮带Ⅰ(13)组成,破壳箱(3)水平固接在机架(1)的机架上层横撑上,破壳箱(3)由破壳箱上箱(301)和破壳箱下箱(302)组成,破壳箱上箱(301)和破壳箱下箱(302)上下相对用螺栓连接构成破壳箱(3),破壳辊(8)和辅助辊(9)互相平行,并且水平置于破壳箱(3)内,破壳辊(8)和辅助辊(9)都通过各自的端轴以及在破壳箱左右侧壁上的轴孔中的轴承与破壳箱(3)构成转动连接,破壳辊带轮(10)固接在破壳辊(8)的左端轴上;破壳箱进口(303)设置在破壳箱上箱(301)的顶部,破壳箱进口(303)与接料斗(2)的出料口连接,破壳箱出口(304)设置在破壳箱下箱(302)的底部;The cracking device consists of a shell breaking box (3), a shell breaking roller (8), an auxiliary roll (9), a shell breaking pulley 10, a motor I (11), a motor pulley I (12) and a belt I (13 ), the shell breaking box (3) is horizontally fixed on the upper horizontal brace of the frame (1), and the shell breaking box (3) is composed of a shell breaking box upper box (301) and a shell breaking box lower box (302) composition, the shell breaking box (301) and the shell breaking box lower box (302) are connected up and down with bolts to form the shell breaking box (3), and the shell breaking roller (8) and the auxiliary roller (9) are parallel to each other and placed horizontally In the shell breaking box (3), the shell breaking roller (8) and the auxiliary roll (9) are composed of the shell breaking box (3) through their respective end shafts and the bearings in the shaft holes on the left and right side walls of the shell breaking box Rotate and connect, the broken shell roller belt pulley (10) is affixed on the left end axle of broken shell roller (8); The broken shell box inlet (303) is arranged on the top of broken shell box upper box (301), broken shell box inlet ( 303) is connected with the discharge port of the hopper (2), and the shell breaking box outlet (304) is arranged on the bottom of the shell breaking box lower box (302); 所述破壳辊(8)中,在破壳辊体(801)表面沿轴向有3排齿柱(802),齿柱(802)垂直固接在破壳辊体(801)上,3排齿柱(802)沿径向为等间隔分布;In the shell-breaking roller (8), there are 3 rows of teeth columns (802) in the axial direction on the surface of the shell-breaking roller body (801), and the tooth columns (802) are vertically fixed on the shell-breaking roller body (801). The tooth column (802) is distributed at equal intervals along the radial direction; 破壳辊带轮(10)固接在破壳辊(8)的左端轴上,电机Ⅰ(11)固定在机架底座上,电机带轮Ⅰ(12)固接在电机Ⅰ(11)的轴上,破壳带轮10、电机带轮Ⅰ11和皮带Ⅰ(13)构成皮带传动机构;The shell breaking roller belt pulley (10) is fixedly connected on the left end shaft of the shell breaking roller (8), the motor I (11) is fixed on the frame base, and the motor pulley I (12) is fixedly connected to the motor I (11) On the shaft, shell breaking pulley 10, motor pulley I11 and belt I (13) constitute a belt transmission mechanism; 所述分离装置由分屑管(4)、分离箱(5)、风叶(14)、风叶带轮(15)、电机Ⅱ(16)、电机带轮Ⅱ(17)和皮带Ⅱ(18)组成,分离箱(5)水平固接在机架中层横撑上;The separation device consists of a chip separating pipe (4), a separation box (5), fan blades (14), fan blade pulleys (15), motor II (16), motor pulley II (17) and belt II (18 ), the separation box (5) is fixed horizontally on the middle cross brace of the frame; 所述分屑管(4)为不对称的Y形结构,管内隔板(401)竖直固接在下部管道内将下部管道分隔成前后两部分管道,分别为前部管道和后部管道,并且将分屑管(4)的下部端口分隔成分屑管出口(403)和分屑管果壳进口(404),前部管道与分屑管(4)的上部向前的长管道连通为壳仁混合进料通道,后部管道与分屑管(4)的上部向后的短管道连通为果壳排出通道,壳仁混合进料通道的上端口为分屑管进口(402),果壳排出通道在后侧板上开口,其开口为分屑管果壳出口(405),在分屑管(4)下部,壳仁混合进料通道的下端口为分屑管出口404,分屑管进口(402)和破壳箱出口(304)连接,分屑管果壳出口(405)的朝向为后下方;The chip distributing pipe (4) is an asymmetrical Y-shaped structure, and the partition plate (401) in the pipe is vertically fixed in the lower pipe to separate the lower pipe into two parts, the front pipe and the rear pipe, respectively. And the lower port of the chip distribution pipe (4) is separated into the chip distribution pipe outlet (403) and the chip distribution pipe fruit shell inlet (404), and the front pipe is communicated with the upper forward long pipe of the chip distribution pipe (4) as a shell Kernel mixed feeding channel, the rear pipe is connected with the upper and backward short pipe of the chip separating pipe (4) as the fruit shell discharge channel, and the upper port of the shell and kernel mixed feeding channel is the chip separating pipe inlet (402), and the fruit shell The discharge channel is opened on the rear side plate, and its opening is the outlet of the crumb pipe fruit shell (405), and at the bottom of the crumb pipe (4), the lower port of the mixed feed channel of the shell and kernel is the outlet 404 of the crumb pipe. The inlet (402) is connected with the shell breaking box outlet (304), and the orientation of the crumb splitting tube fruit shell outlet (405) is the rear bottom; 所述分离箱(5)由分离上箱(501)和分离下箱(502)组成,分离上箱(501)的顶部有分离箱进口(503),在分离箱进口(503)之下,分离上箱隔板(506)竖直固接在分离上箱(501)的左右侧板上,分离上箱隔板(506)的下边沿与分离上箱(501)的法兰在同一平面内,分离上箱隔板(506)将分离上箱(501)内的空间分隔成分离上箱风叶室(508)和分离上箱果仁通道(510),在分离上箱风叶室(508)内,分离箱隔离网(505)斜向下设置,其上边沿与分离上箱(501)的顶板固接,下边沿与分离上箱隔板(506)的上边沿固接,左右两边沿分别与分离上箱(501)的左右侧板固接;Described separation case (5) is made up of separation upper case (501) and separation lower case (502), separation case inlet (503) is arranged on the top of separation upper case (501), under separation case inlet (503), separation The upper box partition (506) is vertically fixed on the left and right side plates of the separated upper box (501), and the lower edge of the separated upper box partition (506) is in the same plane as the flange of the separated upper box (501). Separate the upper case dividing plate (506) to separate the space in the upper case (501) into separate upper case fan blade chambers (508) and separate upper case nut passages (510), separate the upper case fan blade chambers (508) Inside, the separation box isolation net (505) is set obliquely downward, its upper edge is fixedly connected to the top plate of the separation upper box (501), its lower edge is fixed to the upper edge of the separation upper box partition (506), and the left and right edges are respectively It is fixedly connected with the left and right side plates of the separated upper case (501); 在分离下箱(502)内,分离下箱隔板(507)竖直固接在分离下箱(502)的左右侧板上,分离下箱隔板(507)的上边沿与分离下箱(502)的法兰在同一平面内,并且在分离上箱(501)和分离下箱(502)装配成分离箱(5)时,分离上箱隔板(506)和分离下箱隔板(507)在同一个竖直平面内,分离下箱隔板(507)将分离下箱(502)内的空间分隔成分离下箱风叶室(509)和分离下箱果仁通道(511),分离下箱风叶室(509)的底部封闭,分离下箱果仁通道(511)的下端口为分离箱出口(504),在分离下箱(502)的前壁上有进风孔(512);In the separated lower case (502), the separated lower case dividing plate (507) is vertically fixed on the left and right side plates of the separated lower case (502), and the upper edge of the separated lower case dividing plate (507) is connected with the separated lower case ( The flanges of 502) are in the same plane, and when the separated upper case (501) and the separated lower case (502) are assembled into the separated case (5), the separated upper case partition (506) and the separated lower case partition (507 ) in the same vertical plane, the space in the lower case (502) is separated into the lower case fan blade chamber (509) and the nut channel (511) for the separated lower case by separating the lower case dividing plate (507). The bottom of the lower box fan chamber (509) is closed, and the lower port of the separated lower box nut channel (511) is the separated box outlet (504), and there is an air inlet (512) on the front wall of the separated lower box (502) ; 分离上箱(501)和分离下箱(502)上下相对用法兰和螺栓连接组成分离箱(5),分离上箱风叶室(508)和分离下箱风叶室(509)组成分离箱风叶室,分离上箱果仁通道(510)和分离下箱果仁通道(511)组成分离箱果仁通道;The separation upper box (501) and the separation lower box (502) are connected up and down with flanges and bolts to form the separation box (5), and the separation upper box fan chamber (508) and the separation lower box fan chamber (509) form the separation box fan. The leaf chamber is separated from the upper box nut passage (510) and the lower box nut passage (511) to form the separation box nut passage; 所述风叶(14)的结构为轴体上沿径向等间隔固接3~5个轴向的叶片;在分离箱隔离网(505)之下,风叶(14)水平置于分离箱(5)的分离箱风叶室内,风叶(14)通过端轴以及在分离箱左右侧壁上的轴孔中的轴承与分离箱(5)构成转动连接;风叶带轮(15)固接在风叶(14)的端轴上,分离箱进口(503)与分屑管(4)的下部端口连接;电机Ⅱ(16)固定在机架底座上,电机带轮Ⅱ(17)固接在电机Ⅱ(16)的轴上,风叶带轮(15)、电机带轮Ⅱ(17)和皮带Ⅱ(18)构成皮带传动机构。The structure of the fan blade (14) is that 3 to 5 axial blades are fixed at equal intervals along the radial direction on the shaft body; under the separation box isolation net (505), the fan blade (14) is placed horizontally in the separation box (5) inside the separation box fan blade chamber, the fan blade (14) forms a rotational connection with the separation box (5) through the end shaft and the bearing in the shaft hole on the left and right side walls of the separation box; the fan blade pulley (15) is fixed Connected to the end shaft of the fan blade (14), the inlet of the separation box (503) is connected to the lower port of the chip separating pipe (4); the motor II (16) is fixed on the frame base, and the motor pulley II (17) is fixed Be connected on the shaft of motor II (16), fan blade pulley (15), motor pulley II (17) and belt II (18) constitute a belt transmission mechanism. 2.根据权利要求1所述的双辊剪切式橡胶果脱壳机,其特征在于,每排齿柱内,齿柱(802)的间隔为5~10mm,齿柱(802)的高度为10~20mm。2. The double-roller shearing type rubber fruit sheller according to claim 1, characterized in that, in each row of tooth columns, the interval of the tooth columns (802) is 5 to 10mm, and the height of the tooth columns (802) is 10-20mm. 3.根据权利要求1所述的双辊剪切式橡胶果脱壳机,其特征在于,在破壳箱(3)内,破壳辊(8)转动时,破壳辊(8)上的齿柱(802)的端面与辅助辊(9)的表面的最小间距为5~10mm。3. The double-roller shearing type rubber fruit sheller according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the shell breaking box (3), when the shell breaking roll (8) rotates, the shell breaking roll (8) The minimum distance between the end surface of the tooth column (802) and the surface of the auxiliary roller (9) is 5-10mm.
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