CN104521706A - Special matrix for cultivating facility strawberries and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Special matrix for cultivating facility strawberries and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104521706A CN104521706A CN201410737043.8A CN201410737043A CN104521706A CN 104521706 A CN104521706 A CN 104521706A CN 201410737043 A CN201410737043 A CN 201410737043A CN 104521706 A CN104521706 A CN 104521706A
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 title abstract description 31
- 235000021012 strawberries Nutrition 0.000 title abstract 7
- 240000009088 Fragaria x ananassa Species 0.000 title description 2
- 241000220223 Fragaria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000011363 Fragaria x ananassa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 49
- 235000016623 Fragaria vesca Nutrition 0.000 claims description 48
- 241000195940 Bryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 241000737241 Cocos Species 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000002918 Fraxinus excelsior Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000021048 nutrient requirements Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 10
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003818 cinder Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000220222 Rosaceae Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000021028 berry Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009335 monocropping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 108090000723 Insulin-Like Growth Factor I Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000004789 Rosa xanthina Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 102000013275 Somatomedins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 241000082085 Verticillium <Phyllachorales> Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000008935 nutritious Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013268 sustained release Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012730 sustained-release form Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003519 ventilatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a specific matrix for cultivating facility strawberries. The special matrix includes the following materials in parts by weight: 4-6 parts of turf, 2-4 parts of roseite powder and 2-4 parts of coco coir. The preparation method of the matrix includes the steps of: 1, drenching the coco coir with water to achieve the water content of 70-90%5; 2, mixing the turf with the roseite powder according to proportions to allow the roseite powder to be fully adsorbed by the turf to form granular structures; 3 mixing mixtures obtained in the steps 1 and 2, and thereby obtaining the specific matrix for cultivating facility strawberries. The matrix is permeable to water and can conserving water, the components of the matrix do not change in physicochemical properties and structures when in use, the matrix can be used repeatedly; furthermore, nutrient substances can be added according to precision nutrient requirement on the strawberries during each growth stage of the strawberries; according to the method, the strawberries can obtain required nutritional ingredients, growth of the strawberries is facilitated without wasting resources, and the production cost is also saved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to economical crops cultivation field, be specifically related to a kind of facility strawberry cultivation dedicated substrate and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Strawberry (Fragaria ananassa Dutch.) is the rose family (Rosaceae) Fragaria (Fragaria) perennial root berry fruits, is the economic crops of a kind of small investment, instant effect, high efficiency.Strawberry berry fragrance succulence, nutritious, deeply by consumers.At present, in China, strawberry cultivating adopts soil cultivation mode substantially, and long-term continuous cropping causes soil-borne disease, as the generation of anthracnose, verticillium wilt, makes strawberry seedling percent, production declining, and growth potential is deteriorated, and product qualitative change is bad.
In the face of the series of problems that soil continuous cropping causes, existing strawberry worker improves in cultivation matrix.(the Liu Xiangru such as Liu Xiangru, Yin Kelin, Qian Chun, Liu Sujun, Zhang Yuanyuan, Rui Chunmei, Primary Report of Experiment of Substrate Optimization of Pot-strawberry, Chinese agronomy circular, 2007,23 (4): 281-283.) by different proportion combination, the growth effect of Feng Xiang strawberry is studied with river sand, perlite, cinder and the peat composed of rotten mosses, in conjunction with weighted average evaluation, filters out three good Pot-strawberry matrix formulations: the 1. peat composed of rotten mosses: the volume ratio=1:1 of cinder; 2. perlite: the volume ratio=1:1 of cinder; 3. perlite: river sand: the volume ratio=1:1:1 of cinder.But the river sand used in this technology, perlite, cinder are light material, very easily floating in irrigation process, there is layering in the permeable matrix of original mixing in the course of time, upper strata is light material, lower floor is the peat composed of rotten mosses, and the water permeability making matrix initial declines, and affects strawberry Root Distribution and growth.
A kind of strawberry soilless culture substrate preparation technology is disclosed: by cow dung after first pulverizing with cow dung and waste material of edible mushroom: the volume mixture of edible mushroom=1:3 forms mixture in Chinese invention patent application prospectus CN102863269B, then mixture is exposed to the sun in the sun and adds waterflooding method mixture is processed, air tight for being incubated, to the whole covered with plastic film of mixture, seal and to make matrix after one month and to become thoroughly decomposed thing, the thing that this become thoroughly decomposed, turfy soil, perlite form matrix by the volume mixture of 3:3:4.But in actual production, large metering decomposed cow dung and waste material of edible mushroom can not be accomplished to seal completely and be incubated by above requirement completely, and the germ of even becoming thoroughly decomposed in thing can left behind, thus affects growing of later stage seedling.
A kind of Matrix special for strawberry cultivation and preparation method thereof is disclosed in Chinese invention patent application prospectus CN102898190A.Matrix is made up of following raw material by weight: farmyard manure 30-50 part, wood chip 20-35 part, cake fertilizer 15-28 part, acid humus 15-25 part, bacillus subtilis 0.13-0.22 part.Its concrete preparation method is: (1) is by farmyard manure: wood chip: cake fertilizer: acid humus mixes according to described proportioning; (2) in the mixed material of step (1) gained, add bacillus subtilis, carry out fermentation 7-9 days at 15-25 DEG C; (3) material after fermentation is closed, 45 DEG C-60 DEG C sterilizings that carry out disinfection in 7 days of becoming thoroughly decomposed, then drying and packaging are carried out to material, obtain Matrix special for strawberry cultivation.
In Strawberry Growth process, each stage is different to nutrient demand, and the production of high-quality strawberry more needs the nutrient supply accurately controlling different growth and development stage.Although cow dung, farmyard manure, humus, cake fertilizer etc. can supply various compound nutrient by long-term sustained release, but the release time of indefinite each nutrient, burst size and release composition, be difficult to accomplish accurate control, particularly at the strawberry seedling field planting initial stage, too much available nitrogen release easily causes the prosperous length of strawberry, postpones flower bud differentiation.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to above-mentioned weak point and a kind of facility strawberry cultivation dedicated substrate of providing and preparation method thereof, the matrix of formation takes into account permeable, water conservation, ventilatory function; Matrix structure can not change because of conventional maintenance and service time, is convenient to repeatedly utilize and large-scale production.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
A kind of facility strawberry cultivation dedicated substrate, is made up of following raw material and the parts by weight of each raw material are: peat composed of rotten mosses 4-6 part, vermiculite powder 2-4 part, coconut palm chaff 2-4 part.
Further, a kind of facility strawberry cultivation dedicated substrate, is made up of following raw material and the parts by weight of each raw material are: the peat composed of rotten mosses 5 parts, 3 parts, vermiculite powder, coconut palm chaff 2 parts.
Further, the content of organic matter >=30% in the peat composed of rotten mosses, proportion is 0.7-1.05, and pH value is 5.5-6.5.
Further, the particle diameter of vermiculite powder is 2-4mm.
Further, in coconut palm chaff, content of ashes is 8%-10%, and unit weight is 0.1-0.25g/cm
3, cation exchange capacity is 32.4-55.0cmol/kg, and pH value is 4.4-5.9.
The preparation method of described facility strawberry cultivation dedicated substrate, comprises the following steps:
(1) coconut palm chaff water is irrigated, make its water content be 70-90%;
(2) peat composed of rotten mosses and vermiculite powder are mixed in proportion, vermiculite powder is fully adsorbed by the peat composed of rotten mosses, forms granular structure;
(3) namely step (1) and the mixing of step (2) gained mixture are obtained facility strawberry cultivation dedicated substrate.
A kind of facility strawberry cultivation dedicated substrate provided by the invention and preparation method thereof, has following several beneficial effect:
(1) mixed matrix becomes acid, not containing quick-acting fertilizer, provides good somatomedin, can meet the meticulous water and fertilizer management demand of cultivated strawberry by for strawberry.
(2) abundant mixed matrix, there is the air capacity of soils that coconut palm chaff is excellent, in conjunction with the crumbled structure that the peat composed of rotten mosses and vermiculite are formed, water-permeable and water retention is functional, the water permeability that matrix possesses, effectively can improve liquid manure one irrigation efficiency, when liquid fertilizer enters matrix with water, in netted slow infiltration in matrix, compare the matrix formulations that the water penetration such as vermiculite, river sand is extremely strong, the present invention more easily meets the demand of liquid manure one irrigation system, makes root system have the sufficient time to absorb nutrient.
(3) farmyard manure is not contained in this matrix, the physicochemical property of each composition can not change because of the sterilization after the increase of service time and the change of crops in every year, therefore, the required composition that affects can be added according to strawberry on the demand of nutrient in the process of growth in strawberry later stage, the growth of better promotion strawberry, this matrix also can repeatedly use for a long time, reduces production cost.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of facility strawberry cultivation dedicated substrate, is made up of following raw material and the parts by weight of each raw material are: the peat composed of rotten mosses 4 parts, 2 parts, vermiculite powder, coconut palm chaff 2 parts.
Wherein, the content of organic matter >=30% in the peat composed of rotten mosses, proportion is 0.7-1.05, and pH value is 5.5-6.5;
The particle diameter of vermiculite powder is 2-4mm;
In coconut palm chaff, content of ashes is 8%-10%, and unit weight is 0.1-0.25g/cm
3, cation exchange capacity is 32.4-55.0cmol/kg, and pH value is 4.4-5.9.
The preparation method of described facility strawberry cultivation dedicated substrate, comprises the following steps:
(1) coconut palm chaff water is irrigated, make its water content be 70-90%;
(2) peat composed of rotten mosses and vermiculite powder are mixed in proportion, vermiculite powder is fully adsorbed by the peat composed of rotten mosses, forms granular structure;
(3) namely step (1) and the mixing of step (2) gained mixture are obtained Matrix special for strawberry cultivation.
Embodiment 2
A kind of facility strawberry cultivation dedicated substrate, is made up of following raw material and the parts by weight of each raw material are: the peat composed of rotten mosses 6 parts, 4 parts, vermiculite powder, coconut palm chaff 4 parts.
Wherein, the content of organic matter >=30% in the peat composed of rotten mosses, proportion is 0.7-1.05, and pH value is 5.5-6.5;
The particle diameter of vermiculite powder is 2-4mm;
In coconut palm chaff, content of ashes is 8%-10%, and unit weight is 0.1-0.25g/cm
3, cation exchange capacity is 32.4-55.0cmol/kg, and pH value is 4.4-5.9.
The preparation method of described facility strawberry cultivation dedicated substrate, comprises the following steps:
(1) coconut palm chaff water is irrigated, make its water content be 70-90%;
(2) peat composed of rotten mosses and vermiculite powder are mixed in proportion, vermiculite powder is fully adsorbed by the peat composed of rotten mosses, forms granular structure;
(3) namely step (1) and the mixing of step (2) gained mixture are obtained Matrix special for strawberry cultivation.
Embodiment 3
A kind of facility strawberry cultivation dedicated substrate, is made up of following raw material and the parts by weight of each raw material are: the peat composed of rotten mosses 5 parts, 3 parts, vermiculite powder, coconut palm chaff 2 parts.
Wherein, the content of organic matter >=30% in the peat composed of rotten mosses, proportion is 0.7-1.05, and pH value is 5.5-6.5;
The particle diameter of vermiculite powder is 2-4mm;
In coconut palm chaff, content of ashes is 8%-10%, and unit weight is 0.1-0.25g/cm
3, cation exchange capacity is 32.4-55.0cmol/kg, and pH value is 4.4-5.9.
The preparation method of described facility strawberry cultivation dedicated substrate, comprises the following steps:
(1) coconut palm chaff water is irrigated, make its water content be 70-90%;
(2) peat composed of rotten mosses and vermiculite powder are mixed in proportion, vermiculite powder is fully adsorbed by the peat composed of rotten mosses, forms granular structure;
(3) namely step (1) and the mixing of step (2) gained mixture are obtained Matrix special for strawberry cultivation.
A kind of facility strawberry cultivation dedicated substrate provided by the invention, the cultivation that this matrix is permeable, water conservation, pH value are all beneficial to strawberry, in using, each composition physicochemical property and structure can not change, and can recycle, and at each vegetative stage of strawberry, by the essence amount demand of strawberry to nutrient, additional nutriment, the method had both made strawberry obtain required nutrient component, was beneficial to own growth, can not the wasting of resources be caused again, also save production cost.
Claims (6)
1. a facility strawberry cultivation dedicated substrate, is characterized in that, to be made up of and the parts by weight of each raw material are: peat composed of rotten mosses 4-6 part, vermiculite powder 2-4 part, coconut palm chaff 2-4 part following raw material.
2. a facility strawberry cultivation dedicated substrate, is characterized in that, to be made up of and the parts by weight of each raw material are: the peat composed of rotten mosses 5 parts, 3 parts, vermiculite powder, coconut palm chaff 2 parts following raw material.
3. a kind of facility strawberry cultivation dedicated substrate according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, the content of organic matter >=30% in the peat composed of rotten mosses, proportion is 0.7-1.05, and pH value is 5.5-6.5.
4. a kind of facility strawberry cultivation dedicated substrate according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, the particle diameter of vermiculite powder is 2-4mm.
5. a kind of facility strawberry cultivation dedicated substrate according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, in coconut palm chaff, content of ashes is 8%-10%, and unit weight is 0.1-0.25g/cm
3, cation exchange capacity is 32.4-55.0cmol/kg, and pH value is 4.4-5.9.
6. a preparation method for the facility strawberry cultivation dedicated substrate as described in any one of claim 1-5, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) coconut palm chaff water is irrigated, make its water content be 70-90%;
(2) peat composed of rotten mosses and vermiculite powder are mixed in proportion, vermiculite powder is fully adsorbed by the peat composed of rotten mosses, forms granular structure;
(3) namely step (1) and the mixing of step (2) gained mixture are obtained facility strawberry cultivation dedicated substrate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410737043.8A CN104521706A (en) | 2014-12-04 | 2014-12-04 | Special matrix for cultivating facility strawberries and preparation method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410737043.8A CN104521706A (en) | 2014-12-04 | 2014-12-04 | Special matrix for cultivating facility strawberries and preparation method thereof |
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| CN104521706A true CN104521706A (en) | 2015-04-22 |
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| CN201410737043.8A Pending CN104521706A (en) | 2014-12-04 | 2014-12-04 | Special matrix for cultivating facility strawberries and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105061067A (en) * | 2015-08-14 | 2015-11-18 | 北京市土肥工作站 | Seedling medium for strawberry mother seedlings |
| CN105660331A (en) * | 2016-01-20 | 2016-06-15 | 成都贝瑞生态农业开发有限公司 | Facility strawberry improved special matrix and preparation method thereof |
| CN108516879A (en) * | 2018-04-24 | 2018-09-11 | 北京中农新星农业科技有限责任公司 | A kind of suitable city balcony, indoor plantation solanaceous vegetables dedicated substrate |
| CN113100020A (en) * | 2021-05-10 | 2021-07-13 | 上海市农业科学院 | A kind of composite matrix formula and cultivation method for strawberry seedling cultivation and production seedlings |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105061067A (en) * | 2015-08-14 | 2015-11-18 | 北京市土肥工作站 | Seedling medium for strawberry mother seedlings |
| CN105660331A (en) * | 2016-01-20 | 2016-06-15 | 成都贝瑞生态农业开发有限公司 | Facility strawberry improved special matrix and preparation method thereof |
| CN108516879A (en) * | 2018-04-24 | 2018-09-11 | 北京中农新星农业科技有限责任公司 | A kind of suitable city balcony, indoor plantation solanaceous vegetables dedicated substrate |
| CN113100020A (en) * | 2021-05-10 | 2021-07-13 | 上海市农业科学院 | A kind of composite matrix formula and cultivation method for strawberry seedling cultivation and production seedlings |
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Application publication date: 20150422 |
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