CN104261567B - The biological floating bed of autonomous aeration performance is possessed suitable in high flow velocities heavily contaminated river course - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention proposes an ecological floating bed with self-aeration function suitable for heavily polluted rivers with relatively high velocity. The bed body is fixedly connected with the aeration device. The cylindrical floating bed body is assembled by two concentric cylinders through PVC pipes. The aeration device is installed symmetrically around the circular floating bed body. The cylindrical floating bed body and the fixing device connect. The advantages of the present invention: the present invention can increase the dissolved oxygen of the bed system itself and the surrounding water body, so that the plants in the floating bed can grow better; holes are arranged around the bed body to slow down the damage of the water flow to the bed system, and at the same time increase the flow of the water body through the bed. The hydraulic retention time of the body; breeding filter-feeding fish increases the biodiversity of the water body and has certain economic value. The invention does not require other energy consumption, has a simple structure, is easy to manufacture, and improves the cleaning efficiency of the ecological floating bed.

Description

Ecological floating bed with self-aeration function suitable for high-velocity heavily polluted rivers

technical field

The invention relates to an ecological floating bed with an aeration device suitable for relatively high-velocity heavily polluted river channels, and belongs to the technical field of devices for purifying river channel water pollution.

Background technique

With the increase of population and the rapid development of urban construction, a large amount of domestic sewage and industrial wastewater containing nutrients are discharged into the river, polluting the water environment of the river and destroying the ecosystem of the river. Ecological restoration technology is very popular in river water pollution control. As a new type of eutrophic water body restoration technology, ecological floating bed takes ecological restoration as the basic principle, soilless cultivation technology as the basis, and polymer materials as the carrier. Modern agronomic technology, through the symbiotic relationship between species to achieve artificial ecosystems that reduce water pollution, has the advantages of strong operability, low operating costs, easy maintenance, small ecological risks, and good landscape effects, and has been widely used.

The ecological floating bed technology continues to develop. Its main principle is to use emergent plants, submerged plants and artificial media to effectively improve the removal of nitrogen, phosphorus and other organic matter in eutrophic water by floating bed devices. There are many factors that affect the water purification effect of the ecological floating bed. In addition to the shape of the floating bed (square, round, etc.), the type of plant on the floating bed (emergent plants, floating plants, etc.), and the internal structure of the floating bed, the flow rate and pollution degree of the river water body It also has a certain impact on the purification effect of the floating bed process.

For a river with a fast flow rate, the fast flow rate of the river water body may not only damage the bed system, make the root system of the floating bed plant not easy to fix, the biofilm on the surface of the root will fall off, and the hydraulic retention time will be shortened, resulting in The processing effect is reduced. The application number is 200410041089.2 in the Chinese patent "Method for Reconstructing the Aquatic Ecology of the Estuary Area" in which waterproof cloth is used to completely surround the lake from the water surface to the bottom of the lake, and is fixed with wooden piles and large stones to prevent waves and prevent a large amount of outside lake water from invading. The situation that the damage of the tarpaulin will affect the anti-wave effect is not considered.

For heavily polluted rivers, the dissolved oxygen in heavily polluted rivers is often insufficient, the growth of floating bed plants is not good, and the root system has limited adsorption capacity for harmful substances such as nitrogen and phosphorus. In order to improve the effect of nitrogen and phosphorus removal, some scholars have introduced micro-aeration devices into the ecological floating bed process, and installed underwater aerators and aeration heads under the floating bed to form an enhanced ecological floating bed. At home and abroad, there have been patents and related literature reports on how to effectively improve the purification effect of the ecological floating bed process through aeration. The reverse controller controls the forward rotation, stop, and reverse operation of the motor, thereby controlling the rotation of the inclined blades on the aeration waterwheel, but the control device consumes energy, which increases the operating cost of the ecological floating bed process; in addition, if the application number is 200910013837.9 The Chinese patent "Sewage Wind Automatic Aeration Device and Method" uses wind as the power of the aeration method, which greatly reduces the energy consumption of the sewage treatment process and meets the national "energy saving and emission reduction" requirements, but the rotation of the fan blades in the aeration device Affected by the local climate, the aeration effect will be affected if there is no wind for a long time, and the combination of similar energy-saving aeration devices and ecological floating beds is less. In order to achieve the effect of reducing the damage to the bed system caused by high-velocity water, reducing the energy consumption of the floating bed process, and improving the water purification ability of the ecological floating bed process, it is necessary to innovate the structure of the ecological floating bed process.

Contents of the invention

The present invention proposes an ecological floating bed with self-aeration function suitable for high-velocity heavily polluted rivers, which aims to overcome the above-mentioned defects of ecological floating beds, and solve the problem of insufficient dissolved oxygen and plant root adsorption capacity of ecological floating beds in heavily polluted rivers. Limited technical difficulties. The kinetic energy of the water body with a relatively large flow rate is converted into the mechanical energy of the aeration device to increase oxygen for the ecological floating bed system and the river water around the floating bed. The hydraulic retention time can enhance the purification effect of the ecological floating bed. In addition, aquatic animals are cultivated in the floating bed, and the water purification function of the ecological floating bed is further enhanced by the aquatic animals filtering the planktonic algae in the water body.

The technical solution of the present invention: an ecological floating bed suitable for relatively high-velocity heavily polluted rivers with independent aeration function, characterized in that it includes a cylindrical floating bed body, bed matrix, aquatic plants, aquatic animals, aeration Devices and fixtures, wherein the aquatic plants are planted on the bed matrix, the aquatic animals are cultivated in the circular floating bed body, the cylindrical floating bed body is fixedly connected with the aeration device, and the cylindrical floating bed body is two concentric cylinders Assembled by PVC pipes, the aeration device is installed symmetrically around the circular floating bed body, and the cylindrical floating bed body is connected with the fixing device.

Advantages of the present invention:

1) Adopting the floating bed of the present invention in a heavily polluted river course with a relatively large flow rate can increase the dissolved oxygen of the ecological floating bed system itself and the surrounding water body, so that the plants on the floating bed can grow better, and solve the problem of insufficient dissolved oxygen in the heavily polluted river course of the ecological floating bed And affect the lack of purification ability;

2) The porous material on the periphery of the bed body can slow down the damage to the bed body system by large water flow, prolong the service life, and increase the hydraulic retention time when the water body passes through the floating bed;

3) Breeding filter-feeding fish between concentric cylindrical rings not only increases the biodiversity of the water body, but is also conducive to the balance of the water body ecosystem, and reduces the burden of plant roots absorbing nitrogen, phosphorus and other harmful substances. It is easy to catch and harvest, and has certain economic value;

4) The aeration device in the present invention converts the kinetic energy of the water flow into the mechanical energy of the pitched paddle, does not require other energy consumption, and has a simple structure and is easy to manufacture.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a front view of an ecological floating bed with self-aeration function suitable for heavily polluted rivers with relatively high flow rates.

Fig. 2 is a top view of an ecological floating bed with self-aeration function suitable for relatively high velocity heavily polluted rivers.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view of A-A in Fig. 2 .

Figure 4 is a schematic structural view of the aeration device.

In the figure, 1 is a cylindrical floating bed body, 2 is a substrate, 3 is an aquatic plant, 4 is an aquatic animal, 5 is a PVC pipe, 6 is a slanted paddle, 7 is a central shaft, 8 is a fishing net, and 9 is a metal ring , 10, the gauze that filler is housed.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments and the accompanying drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

As shown in Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4, an ecological floating bed suitable for high-velocity heavily polluted rivers with independent aeration function, its structure includes a cylindrical floating bed body 1, bed body matrix 2, aquatic plants 3, Aquatic animal 4, aeration device and fixing device, wherein the aquatic plant 3 is planted on the bed body matrix 2, the aquatic animal 4 is cultivated in the cylindrical floating bed body 1, and the cylindrical floating bed body 1 is fixedly connected with the aeration device , The cylindrical bed body 1 is assembled by two concentric cylinders through the PVC pipe 5, the aeration device is installed symmetrically around the cylindrical bed body 1, and the cylindrical floating bed body 1 is connected with the fixing device.

The upper and lower bottoms of the concentric cylinders are tightened by fishing nets and fixed with lead wires and PVC round pipes. The aquatic plants are fixed in the bottom fishing net holes on the inner cylinder. The bed matrix 2 is made of coconut fiber, etc.; One end of a hollow PVC pipe is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the metal ring, and the other end is connected to the metal ring in the center of the inner circle, and the included angles between two adjacent hollow PVC plastic pipes are equal in size. Gauze 10 of filler.

The inner cylinder diameter of the cylindrical floating bed body 1 is 0.8-1.0m, the outer cylinder diameter is 1.6-2.04m, the upper surface of the circular floating bed body is flush with the water surface, and the cylindrical floating bed body 1 water The lower depth is 0.8m;

The outer cylinder of the cylindrical floating bed is surrounded by a PET material uniformly covered with holes, the hole diameter is 4-6 cm, and the hole density is 60-80 holes/m ² .

The filter-feeding fish is cultivated between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder of the cylindrical floating bed body 1, and the fish breeding density is 0.1-0.3kg/m ³ water body.

The aeration device is composed of a slanted blade paddle 6 and a central rotating shaft 7. The slanted blade paddle is made of aluminum sheet and has several holes to increase the oxygenation efficiency.

The oblique paddles 6 on each aeration device are 3 or 5 pieces, which are evenly placed on the central rotating shaft 7; the total area of several holes on each oblique paddle accounts for 50% of the area of the oblique paddles ~60%; the angle between the plane of rotation of the pitched blade and the direction of water flow is 15°.

The central rotating shaft is installed on the PVC pipe beside the cylindrical floating bed body, and the height of the central rotating shaft is flush with the water surface.

The fixing device includes a steel wire rope, a metal ring and a fixing rod, the wire rope is used to connect the fixing rod and the metal ring around the bed frame, and the fixing rod is fixed in the river bottom mud.

The kinetic energy of the water body with a relatively large flow rate is converted into the mechanical energy of the aeration device to increase oxygen for the ecological floating bed system and the river water around the floating bed. The hydraulic retention time is long, and the purification effect of the ecological floating bed is enhanced; in addition, aquatic animals are cultivated in the floating bed, and the water purification function of the ecological floating bed is further enhanced by the aquatic animals filtering the planktonic algae in the water body.

Example 1

According to Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4, the ecological floating bed with self-aeration function suitable for relatively high-velocity heavily polluted rivers includes cylindrical floating bed body 1, bed body matrix 2, aquatic plants 3, aquatic animals 4, exposure Air fittings and fixtures. Aquatic plants 3 are planted on the bed matrix 2, aquatic animals 4 are cultivated in the bed, and the bed is connected to a fixing device. The cylindrical floating bed 1 is assembled by two concentric cylinders through PVC pipes 5, The aeration device is installed symmetrically around the cylindrical floating bed body.

The upper and lower bottoms of the concentric cylinders are tightened by fishing nets 8 and fixed on the PVC plastic pipe 5 with lead wires. The plants 3 are fixed in the fishing net holes at the upper bottom of the inner cylinder, and the substrate 2 is made of coconut fiber; One end of the root hollow PVC pipe 5 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the metal ring 9, and the other end is connected to the metal ring 9 in the center of the inner cylinder, and the angle between the two adjacent hollow PVC plastic pipes 5 is 45°. Gauze 10 wrapped with filler.

The inner cylinder of the cylindrical floating bed is 0.8m directly, the diameter of the outer cylinder is 1.6m, the upper bottom of the cylindrical floating bed is flush with the water surface, and the underwater depth of the bed is 0.8m.

The external cylinder of the cylindrical floating bed is surrounded by PET material evenly covered with holes, the hole diameter is 4cm, and the hole density is preferably 60/m ² .

Silver carp is cultured between the inner circle and the outer circle of the cylindrical floating bed body, and the fish breeding density is 0.1kg/m ³ water body.

The aeration device is composed of a slanted blade paddle 6 and a central shaft 7, the slanted blade paddle is made of aluminum sheet, and several holes are opened on the slanted blade paddle to increase the oxygenation efficiency. The hole diameter is preferably 3.2 cm, and the area of the pitched paddle is 900 cm ² .

The total area of the several holes accounts for 50% of the area of the pitched paddle.

The rotation plane of the inclined blade paddle is 15° to the flow direction of the water flow.

There are 3 oblique paddles on each aeration device, which are evenly arranged on the central rotating shaft.

The central rotating shaft of the inclined blade paddle is installed on the PVC pipe beside the bed body, the height of the axis of the central rotating shaft is flush with the water surface, half of the inclined blade paddle is located on the water surface, and half is located under the water surface.

The fixing device includes a steel wire rope, a metal ring and a fixing rod, the wire rope is used to connect the fixing rod and the metal ring around the bed frame, and the fixing rod is fixed in the river bottom mud.

Example 2

This implementation except the following features, other features are the same as embodiment 1: the inner circle of the cylindrical floating bed bed is directly 0.9m, the diameter of the outer circle is 1.8m, the upper bottom of the bed body is flush with the water surface, and the cylindrical floating bed bed The underwater depth of the body is 0.8m.

The outer circle of the cylindrical floating bed is surrounded by PET material uniformly covered with holes, the hole diameter is 5 cm, and the hole density is 70/m ² .

Silver carp is cultured between the inner circle and the outer circle of the cylindrical floating bed body, and the fish breeding density is 0.2kg/cubic water body.

The aeration device is composed of a slanted blade paddle and a central rotating shaft, the slanted blade paddle is made of aluminum sheet, and several holes are opened on the slanted blade paddle to increase the oxygenation efficiency, and the aperture of the hole is preferably is 3.6cm, and the area of the pitched paddle is 1000cm ² .

The total area of the several holes accounts for 55% of the area of the pitched paddle.

Example 3

In addition to the following features, other features of this implementation are the same as in Example 1: the inner circle of the cylindrical floating bed is 1.0m, the diameter of the outer circle is 2.0m, the upper bottom of the bed is flush with the water surface, and the depth of the bed is underwater. It is 0.8m.

The outer circle of the cylindrical floating bed is surrounded by PET material evenly covered with holes, the hole diameter is 6cm, and the hole density is 80/m ² .

Silver carp is cultured between the inner circle and the outer circle of the cylindrical floating bed body, and the fish breeding density is 0.3kg/cubic water body.

The aeration device is composed of a slanted blade paddle and a central rotating shaft, the slanted blade paddle is made of aluminum sheet, and several holes are opened on the slanted blade paddle to increase the oxygenation efficiency, and the aperture of the hole is preferably is 4cm, and the area of the pitched paddle is 1100cm ² .

The total area of the several holes accounts for 60% of the area of the pitched paddle.

Claims (6)

1. An ecological floating bed suitable for higher flow rate heavily polluted rivers with independent aeration function, characterized in that: it comprises a cylindrical floating bed bed body, bed body matrix, aquatic plants, aquatic animals, aeration device and fixing device, Among them, the aquatic plants are planted on the bed matrix, and the aquatic animals are cultivated in the cylindrical floating bed body. The cylindrical floating bed body is fixedly connected with the aeration device. The cylindrical floating bed body is two concentric cylinders passing through the PVC circular pipe. Assembled, the aeration device is symmetrically installed around the cylindrical floating bed body, and the cylindrical floating bed body is connected with the fixing device; the inclined blade paddles on each aeration device are 3 or 5 pieces, evenly placed in the center On the rotating shaft; the total area of several holes on each pitched paddle accounts for 50% to 60% of the pitched paddle area; the included angle between the rotation plane of the pitched paddle and the direction of water flow is 15°; The upper and lower bottoms of the concentric cylinders are tightened by fishing nets and fixed with lead wires and PVC round pipes. Aquatic plants are fixed in the bottom fishing net holes on the inner cylinder. The bed matrix is made of coconut fiber; several hollow roots on the upper bottom of the inner cylinder One end of the PVC round pipe is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the metal ring, and the other end is connected to the metal ring in the center of the inner circle, and the angle between two adjacent hollow PVC round pipes is equal, and the packing is hung according to the actual situation. gauze; The fixing device includes a steel wire rope, a metal ring and a fixing rod, the wire rope is used to connect the fixing rod and the metal ring around the bed frame, and the fixing rod is fixed in the river bottom mud. 2. According to claim 1, an ecological floating bed suitable for high-velocity heavily polluted rivers with independent aeration function, characterized in that: the diameter of the inner cylinder of the cylindrical floating bed body is 0.8-1.0m , the diameter of the outer cylinder is 1.6-2.04m, and the upper surface of the cylindrical floating bed is flush with the water surface. 3. according to claim 1, a kind of ecological floating bed suitable for higher flow rate heavily polluted rivers with independent aeration function is characterized in that: the outer cylinder of the cylindrical floating bed bed is evenly covered with PET material with holes Enclosed, the pore diameter is 4-6cm, and the hole density is 60-80/m ² . 4. According to claim 1, a kind of ecological floating bed suitable for high flow rate heavily polluted rivers with independent aeration function is characterized in that: between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder of the cylindrical floating bed body Filter-feeding fish are cultivated, and the fish breeding density is 0.1-0.3kg/m ³ water body. 5. According to claim 1, a kind of ecological floating bed suitable for high flow rate heavily polluted rivers with self-aeration function is characterized in that: said aeration device is composed of inclined blade paddle and central rotating shaft, and the inclined blade paddle is composed of Made of aluminum sheet, there are several holes on the inclined blade paddle to increase the efficiency of oxygenation, the hole diameter is 3.2 ~ 4cm. 6. According to claim 1, a kind of ecological floating bed which is applicable to the heavily polluted river course with relatively high velocity and has the function of self-aeration, is characterized in that: the PVC round pipe installed on the side of the cylindrical floating bed body with the central rotating shaft On, the height of the axis of the central rotating shaft is flush with the water surface.