CN104143106B - A kind of antenna system of track traffic electronic tag automatic identification - Google Patents
A kind of antenna system of track traffic electronic tag automatic identification Download PDFInfo
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- CN104143106B CN104143106B CN201410315327.8A CN201410315327A CN104143106B CN 104143106 B CN104143106 B CN 104143106B CN 201410315327 A CN201410315327 A CN 201410315327A CN 104143106 B CN104143106 B CN 104143106B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of antenna system of track traffic electronic tag automatic identification, including ground-plane antenna, ground-plane antenna includes transmitting antenna array and receiving antenna array, and transmitting antenna array and receiving antenna array include a plurality of single antennas respectively；Transmitting antenna array and receiving antenna array are longitudinally arranged along track.The reception and transmission of microwave signal of the present invention use separated antenna array, and the digital independent of high-speed motion electronic tag can be achieved.The system can apply to the car data identification of bullet train and ordinary train, wheel data identification, turn to rack data identification and the data identification of other rapid wear accessories.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to track traffic, more particularly to a kind of antenna system of track traffic electronic tag automatic identification.
[background technology]
License number management is railway train arrangement operation, the formulation of operation plan, the control of vehicles passing in and out and vehicle holding time system
Count the element task of management.Existing train identification process is：It must be copied before person on duty's operation by loading foreman in yard
The vehicle license number of record works out shunting operation plan, and license number make a copy of and collect it is complete read by mouth, the artificial side of notes and write by hand
Formula is carried out, and shortcoming is that mistakes and omissions are more, efficiency is low and labor intensity is big, and pretermission, mistake copy license number and cause truck vehicle occupancy
Greatly increase.
Application No. CN200910214594.5 Chinese invention application discloses a kind of automatic train identification system,
Including the ground identifying system being connected by license number acquisition system and interchanger with data base handling system network and video monitoring
System, data base handling system are handled by centralized management system, stored and forwarded to information；The video monitoring system
There are the video camera beside vehicle pull-in mouth and track scale, trigger switch, induction coil, video compression system, image to deposit
Reservoir and image processing system；The ground identifying system has electronic tag and peace on locomotive or lorry bottom central sill
Ground-plane antenna and electromagnetic wheel sensor and the RF microwave radios device installed in detection computer room and reading mounted in interorbital
Go out industrial computer, the ground identifying system passes sequentially through microwave antenna, microwave machine and communication module circuit and license number acquisition system net
Network is connected, and can realize the real time implementation to car statistics and automation, effectively reduce production cost and improve safety production efficiency.
But above-mentioned automatic train identification system is not used to the license number, wheel and others of high ferro and motor-car
Part automatic identification, reason are as follows：
This system uses linear polarized antenna, the covering of Microwave emission signal using transmitting-receiving integrated single antenna construction
Scope is small, and scope is：30 degree of horizontal plane half-power angle；60 degree of vertical plane half-power angle.Coverage is small, is not suitable for train at a high speed
When tag reader.
Track vehicle speed is more than 300KM/H, can not attend school the data in compartment ultrahigh-frequency tag USER areas：It is normal to read
The data in compartment label USER areas (user data memory block) need 250-300 μ S；300KM/H≈83.33M/S；300 μ S when
Between the inner orbit vehicles move 25 meters, the microwave area coverage of single antenna only has 3-3.5 rice, 3.5 meters far smaller than 25
Rice, the performance of this system antenna determines that the coverage of microwave signal is small, is that can not read compartment within the so short time
Label data.
So the technical scheme of above-mentioned automatic train identification system is can not read bullet train vehicle tagging user number
According to the data message of memory block.
[content of the invention]
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of high-speed rail transportation electronic tag automatic identification of being suitable for
Antenna system.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that a kind of track traffic electronic tag is automatic
The antenna system of identification, including ground-plane antenna, ground-plane antenna include transmitting antenna array and receiving antenna array, launching antenna array
Row and receiving antenna array include a plurality of single antennas respectively；Transmitting antenna array and receiving antenna array are along track longitudinal direction cloth
Put.
Above-described antenna system, transmitting antenna array and receiving antenna array respectively include 3-8 single antenna, transmitting
The single antenna of aerial array and receiving antenna array along track it is longitudinally spaced apart arrangement or or interlaced arrangement.
Above-described antenna system, the horizontal half-power angle that single antenna is are 20-40 degree；Vertically half-power angle is
90-130 degree.
Above-described antenna system, single antenna are linear polarized antenna, including 2 dipole antennas and one piece of reflection bottom
Plate；The extremely son of dipole antenna is the aluminium sheet or copper coin of polygon, and the long axis direction of single antenna is orthogonal with the longitudinal direction of track, even
The long axis direction of pole sub-antenna and the long axis direction of single antenna are in the same direction；Long axis direction of 2 dipole antennas along single antenna
It is arranged apart.
Above-described antenna system, the extremely son of dipole antenna is octagonal aluminium sheet, and reflected bottom plate is aluminium alloy plate；
Extremely son and the distance 50-80mm of reflected bottom plate, the centre-to-centre spacing of 2 dipole antennas is 250-300mm.
Above-described antenna system, single antenna are fixed on the sleeper between two rails of track, on the same day linear array
Spacing in row between adjacent monomer antenna is 2-6m, and the spacing of adjacent monomer antenna is 2-6m between different antennae array.
Above-described antenna system, including the electronic tag on traveling vehicle, the electronics mark on traveling vehicle
Label are UHF passive electronic labels, and the antenna on electronic tag is using the array dipoles antenna of omnidirectional, 1 × 2 or 2 × 2.
Above-described antenna system, described electronic tag are compartment electronic tag, wheel electronic tag or bogie
Electronic tag；Wheel electronic tag is fixed on the periphery of hub for vehicle wheel.
Above-described antenna system, including control system, ground identification device, ground identification device include microprocessor
Device, RFID read-write module and RF switch circuit；Microprocessor connects RFID read-write module, and RFID read-write module connects radio frequency switching electricity
Road；The transmission signal output end of RF switch circuit connects transmitting antenna array, reception signal input termination receiving antenna array；It is micro-
Processor connected control system.
Above-described antenna system, control system include PLC, industrial computer, server and wheel detector；Wheel-sensors
The signal output termination PLC of device, the microprocessor of PLC ground plane identification devices；PLC connects industrial computer, and industrial computer connects server；Car
When wheel sensor has detected that track vehicle drives into, signal is sent to PLC, PLC wakes up RFID read-write by microprocessor
Module；RFID read-write module is sent out and received microwave signal by RF switch circuit and ground-plane antenna；RFID read-write mould
Block is decoded to the data of reception, and PLC is uploaded to by microprocessor；Wheel detector detects that track vehicle sails out of
Afterwards, signal is sent to PLC, PLC controls RFID read-write module to enter resting state by microprocessor.
The reception and transmission of the antenna system microwave signal of track traffic electronic tag automatic identification of the present invention are using separation
Linear (antenna) array arranges, and the digital independent of high-speed motion electronic tag can be achieved.The system can apply to bullet train and common row
The car data identification of car, wheel data identification, turn to rack data identification and the data identification of other rapid wear accessories.
[brief description of the drawings]
The present invention is further detailed explanation with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Fig. 1 is the scheme of installation of the ground-plane antenna array of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 2 is the front view of the single antenna of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 3 is the top view of the single antenna of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 4 is the stereogram of the single antenna of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 5 is the scheme of installation of the wheel electronic tag of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 6 is A in Fig. 5 to sectional view.
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of the electronic tag for vehicles of the embodiment of the present invention 1
Fig. 8 is the theory diagram of the antenna system of the track traffic electronic tag automatic identification of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 9 is the scheme of installation of the ground-plane antenna array of the embodiment of the present invention 2.
[embodiment]
The structure of the antenna system of the track traffic electronic tag automatic identification of the embodiment of the present invention 1 as shown in Figures 1 to 8,
Including control system, ground identifying system and many individual electronic tags 1 on vehicle.
UHF passive electronic labels 1 are arranged on the wheel of track vehicle, and ground identifying system includes ground identification dress
Put and ground-plane antenna array, ground-plane antenna array ground face identification device, ground identification device connected control system.
Ground identification device includes microprocessor (ARM7 chips), RFID read-write module (R2000 chips) and radio frequency switching
Circuit (radio frequency switches chip RF1450).Microprocessor connects RFID read-write module, and RFID read-write module connects RF switch circuit, penetrates
The transmitting antenna and reception antenna of output end TX and receiving terminal RX the difference ground plane aerial array of frequency switching circuit.
Control system includes PLC, industrial computer, server and wheel detector.The signal output termination of wheel detector
The microprocessor of PLC, PLC ground plane identification device.PLC connects industrial computer, and industrial computer connects server.Wheel detector has detected
When track vehicle drives into, signal is sent to PLC, PLC wakes up RFID read-write module by microprocessor.RFID read-write module
Microwave signal is sent out and receives by RF switch circuit and ground-plane antenna array.Data of the RFID read-write module to reception
Decoded, PLC is uploaded to by microprocessor.After wheel detector detects that track vehicle sails out of, letter is sent to PLC
Number, PLC controls RFID read-write module to enter resting state by microprocessor.
As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, UHF passive electronic labels 1 are arranged on the periphery of the hub for vehicle wheel 2 of track vehicle, electricity
For the dipole antenna in omnidirectional space, (if compartment electronic tag, electronic tag is arranged on locomotive and car to the antenna of subtab 1
Bottom safety position, if bogie electronic tag, electronic tag is arranged on bogie bottom safety position, does not scheme separately
Show).The principle of the embodiment of the present invention is explained by taking wheel electronic tag as an example below.
The capacity of the user data memory block of electronic tag 1 is 64 bytes.Data storage includes wheel, the date of production, molten iron
Match the data such as numbering, manufacturer, detection number and detection date.
The antenna of electronic tag is using the array dipoles antenna receiving sensitivity -85DB of omnidirectional, 1 × 2 or 2 × 2,2 × 2 gusts
The structure of row dipole antenna is as shown in Figure 7.
As shown in figure 1, ground-plane antenna array includes transmitting antenna array 100 and receiving antenna array 200, launching antenna array
Row 100 and receiving antenna array 200 include 4 single antennas 3 respectively.Transmitting antenna array 100 and the edge of receiving antenna array 200
The longitudinally spaced apart arrangement of track.
Single antenna 3 is fixed on the sleeper 5 between two rails 4 of track, adjacent monomer antenna 3 in same antenna array
Between spacing L1 be 2-6m, preferably 3-4m, the spacing L2 of adjacent monomer antenna 3 is 2-6m between different antennae array, preferably
For 3-4m.
The coverage of single antenna 3 is：Horizontal half-power angle is 20-40 degree, preferably 30 degree.Vertically half-power angle is
90-130 degree, preferably 120 degree.
Single antenna 3 is linear polarized antenna, including 2 dipole antennas 301 and one piece of reflected bottom plate 302.Dipole day
The extremely son 305 of line 301 is octagonal aluminium sheet, and reflected bottom plate 302 is aluminium alloy plate, extremely son and the distance of reflected bottom plate 302
L350-80mm.The long axis direction of single antenna 3 is orthogonal with the longitudinal direction of Track rail 4, the long axis direction of dipole antenna 301 with
The long axis direction of single antenna 3 is in the same direction.Long axis direction of 2 dipole antennas 301 along single antenna 3 is arranged apart, centre-to-centre spacing
L4 is 250-300mm, preferably 275mm.
In the present embodiment, aerial array be used for launch and receive microwave signal, be used for activate wheel electronic tag and
Read the front end component of the data of wheel electronic tag.
Wheel detector drives into for detecting track vehicle, starts ground identifying system detection device and is operated.
If allowing ground identifying system equipment to work always for a long time, the reduced lifetime of ground identifying system can be made.But also can be with
Judge the direction that track vehicle drives into.
Industrial PLC is used to realize logic control and data transfer；Logic control and data transfer are done using the PLC of technical grade
Function, the special PLC system of operation industry, operating temperature range is wide, while carries out special anti-lightning strike processing.
Work station industrial computer is used for the application program for running work station, real-time display wheel numbering, and track vehicle is compiled
Number and wheel relevant information；Server is used for the work such as data storage, data processing, data analysis.
In the present embodiment, electronic tag is arranged on the not far propeller boss in axle center, according to force analysis and high speed
Dynamic balance analysis, more remote apart from propeller boss, eccentric concentric force is both greater than 2g, so optimal installation site is on propeller boss.By axle
The space limitation of hub, electronic tag size are：83mm × 26mm × 11mm, bottom cabochon, is fixed on using CARBURIZING FURNACE FOR STAINLESS FASTENER
On the wheel hub 2 of wheel.
The course of work of the antenna system above example of track traffic electronic tag automatic identification of the present invention is as follows：
When establishing the beginning on ground identification device by cable, ARM7 chips initialize to R2000 chips, mainly carry out R2000
Transmission power, operating frequency range and semaphore etc. parameter initialization, initialization completes ARM7 and is waited for,
R2000 is in Low-power-consumptiodormancy dormancy pattern.RF switch circuit is in 0 channel status.
When track vehicle drives into, wheel detector has detected that track vehicle drives into, and triggers 24V height
Level pulse signal gives industrial PLC control system, and industrial PLC control system receives trigger signal and wakes up ground identifying system.
When industrial PLC is sent by serial ports to ARM7 performs recognition command, ARM7 wakes up R2000 chips, R2000 chips
Start working, by the working frequency of initialization, microwave signal is sent by transmitting antenna by RF switch circuit, triggers wheel
On electronic tag；Signal is transferred to R2000 chips by the data for then receiving electronic tag simultaneously by RF switch circuit
On decoded, the data transfer of decoding into ARM7, ARM7 by Serial Port Transmission into industrial PLC, with same method
Perform repeatedly always, until receiving ceasing and desisting order for industrial PLC.
As described above, the order that ground identifying system receives industrial PLC control system passes through radio frequency chip R2000 handles
TTL digital signal modulateds into the 902M-928M 6C of over-the-air protocol G2/ISO 18000 pass through aerial array data and wireless energy
Amount is transferred on wheel label, and the electronic tag of wheel is activated by aerial microwave signal, and meets G2/ISO 18000
6C, the data of air transmission are parsed, data are parsed and met the requirements, and electronic tag just is pushed out counting by microwave signal
According to microwave signal enters R2000 chips by aerial array and the 902M-928M 6C of over-the-air protocol G2/ISO 18000 are demodulated
Into TTL data signals, ground identifying system reads TTL data signals and is converted into machine code, by railway dedicated ethernet number
According to being transferred in the industrial computer of work station, it is total that the industrial computer of work station further through railway dedicated ethernet is transferred to railway parent company
In the server in portion, after server obtains the data inside wheel label, the data of wheel, historical data, wheel condition are analyzed
Etc., offer statistics foundation is run reliable and stablely for wheel.
The mounting means of the ground-plane antenna array of the embodiment of the present invention 2 as different from Example 1, transmitting antenna array 100
Single antenna 3A and receiving antenna array 200 single antenna 3B it is in longitudinally staggered disposition along track.
Single antenna 3A and 3B are fixed on the sleeper 5 between two rails 4 of track, and the spacing L of adjacent monomer antenna is
2-6m, preferably 3-4m.
Microwave electron label distance of reading evidence under the environment of spaciousness is 6 meters, could effective handle in the range of this
Microwave signal reflects.
In embodiment 1, the microwave signal of 4 antenna transmittings is a large area of the sum of 4 antenna areas.Monomer
3 meters -3.5 meters of interval between antenna, transmitting antenna and reception antenna are separation, and the large area of microwave is 8 antenna sums,
Calculated by 3 meters of antenna distances, the area sum of 8 antennas is：3 × 8=24 meters, drawn by this data,
It is the length that can meet to read electronic tag data under 300KM/H travel speed.
Antenna transpostion interval is arranged in example 2, and 2-6 rice, this mode are spaced between reception antenna and transmitting antenna
Antenna element, the inference of the above still sets up, and the transmission signal theory of less radio-frequency is：Send and --- --- receive --- --- hair
Send and --- --- receive --- ---, this sequence flow, if train comes from opposite direction, that is for the order of wireless signal：
Receive and --- --- send and --- --- receive and --- --- send --- ---, transmitting antenna array and receiving antenna array are to pass through switching
For chip come what is switched, switching chip often switches the time all the way<10 μ S, receive and transmitting be respectively be all 4 tunnels, 4X10 μ S=40
μ S, transmitting switching antenna need 40 μ S, and receiving switching antenna needs 40 μ S, needs 80 μ S altogether, by 83.33M/S speed, 80
μ S vehicles move 0.006664 meter, so short distance can be ignored so, the aerial system of above example of the present invention
System can be reliable and stable reading data.
Antenna places the 2nd kind of situation, sequentially such as:Transmitting --- -- transmitting --- ---, is received --- ----receive --- ---；Hair
Aerial array and receiving antenna array are penetrated by switching chip to switch, switching chip often switches the time all the way<10Μ
It is all 4 tunnels that S, reception and transmitting, which are respectively, and 4X10 μ S=40 μ S, the demonstration that train front is driven into is as it was previously stated, train is reversely sailed
The demonstration entered, antenna order are：Receive and --- --- receive --- ---, transmitting --- --- transmitting --- --；Transmitting switching antenna needs
40 μ S, receiving switching antenna needs 40 μ S, needs 80 μ S altogether, by 83.33M/S speed, 80 μ S just move 0.006664
Rice, in the distance of so section, can be ignored, so the antenna system of above example of the present invention can be reliable and stable
Read data.
Embodiment 2 has bigger advantage relative to embodiment 1.The single antenna of embodiment 2 arranges：Transmitting --- -- connects
Receive --- -- transmitting --- --- receive --- ---, for microwave signal, and this arrangement mode, and transmitting antenna and
The switching time of reception antenna is very short, is 40 μ S respectively, and transmitting antenna transmission signal activates label, and reception antenna is just anti-at once
Data receiver is answered, and even if reception data can not be reacted at once, also neighbouring transmitting antenna enters line activating, continues to keep swashing
State living, such reciprocation cycle, enters a very big microwave magnetic field environment equivalent to train.The spaced apart of embodiment 1
It is to enter a very big microwave magnetic field environment, but concentration, the peace of embodiment 1 are compared in the section of transmission signal and reception signal
Limitation just occurs when dress mode reaches 500KM/H for train.
Above example of the present invention has the advantages that：The compartment number in bullet train and ordinary train can be used
According to identification, wheel data identification, rack data identification and the data identification of other rapid wear accessories are turned to；The reception of microwave signal and hair
Send and use separated antenna array；The digital independent of high-speed motion electronic tag can be achieved.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of antenna system of track traffic electronic tag automatic identification, including ground-plane antenna, it is characterised in that ground-plane antenna
Including transmitting antenna array and receiving antenna array, transmitting antenna array and receiving antenna array include a plurality of monomer days respectively
Line；Transmitting antenna array and receiving antenna array are longitudinally arranged along track；Single antenna is linear polarized antenna, including 2 dipoles
Sub-antenna and one piece of reflected bottom plate；The extremely sub aluminium sheet or copper coin for polygon of dipole antenna, the long axis direction of single antenna
Orthogonal with the longitudinal direction of track, the long axis direction of dipole antenna and the long axis direction of single antenna are in the same direction；2 dipole antenna edges
The long axis direction of single antenna is arranged apart.
2. according to the antenna system described in claim 1, it is characterised in that transmitting antenna array and receiving antenna array respectively include 3-
The single antenna of 8 single antennas, transmitting antenna array and receiving antenna array is along the longitudinally spaced apart arrangement of track or interlaced arrangement.
3. according to the antenna system described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the horizontal half-power angle that single antenna is is 20-40 degree；
Vertical half-power angle is 90-130 degree.
4. according to the antenna system described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the extremely son of dipole antenna is octagonal aluminium sheet, instead
It is aluminium alloy plate to penetrate bottom plate；Extremely son and the distance 50-80mm of reflected bottom plate, the centre-to-centre spacing of 2 dipole antennas is 250-
300mm。
5. according to the antenna system described in claim 1, it is characterised in that single antenna is fixed on the pillow between two rails of track
On wood, the spacing in same antenna array between adjacent monomer antenna is 2-6m, adjacent monomer antenna between different antennae array
Spacing is 2-6m.
6. according to the antenna system described in claim 1, it is characterised in that including the electronic tag on traveling vehicle, OK
It is UHF passive electronic labels to walk the electronic tag on vehicle, and the antenna on electronic tag is using the Array Pairs of omnidirectional, 1 × 2 or 2 × 2
Pole sub-antenna.
7. according to the antenna system described in claim 1, it is characterised in that described electronic tag is compartment electronic tag, wheel
Electronic tag or bogie electronic tag；Wheel electronic tag is fixed on the periphery of hub for vehicle wheel.
8. according to the antenna system described in any claim in claim 1 to 7, it is characterised in that including control system, ground
Identification device, ground identification device include microprocessor, RFID read-write module and RF switch circuit；Microprocessor connects RFID readings
Writing module, RFID read-write module connect RF switch circuit；The transmission signal output end of RF switch circuit connects transmitting antenna array,
Reception signal input termination receiving antenna array；Microprocessor connected control system.
9. according to the antenna system described in claim 8, it is characterised in that control system includes PLC, industrial computer, server and car
Wheel sensor；The signal output termination PLC of wheel detector, the microprocessor of PLC ground plane identification devices；PLC connects industrial computer,
Industrial computer connects server；When wheel detector has detected that track vehicle drives into, signal is sent to PLC, PLC passes through micro- place
Manage device and wake up RFID read-write module；RFID read-write module is sent out and received microwave by RF switch circuit and ground-plane antenna
Signal；RFID read-write module is decoded to the data of reception, and PLC is uploaded to by microprocessor；Wheel detector detects
After track vehicle sails out of, signal is sent to PLC, PLC controls RFID read-write module to enter resting state by microprocessor.
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| CN201410315327.8A CN104143106B (en) | 2014-07-03 | 2014-07-03 | A kind of antenna system of track traffic electronic tag automatic identification |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106740987B (en) * | 2017-01-06 | 2019-04-16 | 重庆微标科技股份有限公司 | Multichannel license number intelligence reading and control method thereof and system |
| CN109686112A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-04-26 | 航天信息股份有限公司 | A kind of moving vehicle real time speed measuring method and system based on vehicle electric mark |
| CN110290498A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2019-09-27 | 广东工业大学 | A new high-speed rail communication system based on 5G technology |
| CN110222807A (en) * | 2019-07-05 | 2019-09-10 | 深圳市章誉物联技术有限公司 | A kind of transmitting-receiving separation channel high-frequency RF ID |
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| CN101290651A (en) * | 2008-06-06 | 2008-10-22 | 上海华申智能卡应用系统有限公司 | Omnidirectional high-frequency label read-write machine |
| CN101774390A (en) * | 2009-12-31 | 2010-07-14 | 深圳市中金岭南有色金属股份有限公司凡口铅锌矿 | Automatic train identification system |
| CN201765594U (en) * | 2010-08-11 | 2011-03-16 | 上海中铁通信信号国际工程有限公司 | Automatic train number identification system |
| CN102609738A (en) * | 2011-01-25 | 2012-07-25 | 上海互惠信息技术有限公司 | RFID (radio frequency identification device) multi-antenna reader-writer |
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| CN104143106A (en) | 2014-11-12 |
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