Yi et al., 2014 - Google Patents
Effects of gate dielectric thickness and semiconductor thickness on device performance of organic field-effect transistors based on pentaceneYi et al., 2014
- Document ID
- 2204786624015395155
- Author
- Yi R
- Lou Z
- Hu Y
- Cui S
- Teng F
- Hou Y
- Liu X
- Publication year
- Publication venue
- Science China Technological Sciences
External Links
Snippet
In this paper, the pentacene-based organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) with poly (methyl methacrylate)(PMMA) as gate dielectrics were fabricated, and the effects of gate dielectric thickness and semiconductor thickness on the device performance were investigated. The …
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 C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC4=CC5=CC=CC=C5C=C4C=C3C=C21 0 title abstract description 32
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H01L51/00—Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof
- H01L51/05—Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching, or capacitors or resistors with at least one potential- jump barrier or surface barrier multistep processes for their manufacture
- H01L51/0504—Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching, or capacitors or resistors with at least one potential- jump barrier or surface barrier multistep processes for their manufacture the devices being controllable only by the electric current supplied or the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or swiched, e.g. three-terminal devices
- H01L51/0508—Field-effect devices, e.g. TFTs
- H01L51/0512—Field-effect devices, e.g. TFTs insulated gate field effect transistors
- H01L51/0545—Lateral single gate single channel transistors with inverted structure, i.e. the organic semiconductor layer is formed after the gate electrode
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H01L51/00—Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof
- H01L51/05—Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching, or capacitors or resistors with at least one potential- jump barrier or surface barrier multistep processes for their manufacture
- H01L51/0504—Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching, or capacitors or resistors with at least one potential- jump barrier or surface barrier multistep processes for their manufacture the devices being controllable only by the electric current supplied or the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or swiched, e.g. three-terminal devices
- H01L51/0508—Field-effect devices, e.g. TFTs
- H01L51/0512—Field-effect devices, e.g. TFTs insulated gate field effect transistors
- H01L51/0541—Lateral single gate single channel transistors with non inverted structure, i.e. the organic semiconductor layer is formed before the gate electode
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H01L51/00—Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof
- H01L51/0032—Selection of organic semiconducting materials, e.g. organic light sensitive or organic light emitting materials
- H01L51/005—Macromolecular systems with low molecular weight, e.g. cyanine dyes, coumarine dyes, tetrathiafulvalene
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