|
on Sports and Economics |
|
Issue of 2017‒11‒12
three papers chosen by João Carlos Correia Leitão Universidade da Beira Interior |
| By: | Marco Sahm |
| Abstract: | I examine sequential round-robin tournaments with three and four symmetric players. Each player is matched once with each other player. If the matches are organized as Tullock contests (all-pay auctions), the tournament will be almost fair (highly discriminatory): subject to the position of their matches in the sequence of the tournament, the differences in players’ ex-ante winning probabilities and expected payoffs will be small (large). The differing results originate from the higher discriminating power of the all-pay auction. Moreover, the resulting discouragement effect in tournaments with all-pay auctions implies lower aggregate effort than in tournaments with suitable Tullock contests. The fairness of round-robin tournaments may be improved by the use of an endogenous sequence of matches or the requirement that players fix their effort ex-ante. |
| Keywords: | sequential round-robin tournament, contest success function, discriminatory power, Tullock contest, all-pay auction |
| JEL: | C72 D72 |
| Date: | 2017 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ces:ceswps:_6421&r=spo |
| By: | Wolfgang Maennig (Chair for Economic Policy, University of Hamburg); Cristina Sattarhoff; Peter Stahlecker (Institute of Statistics and Econometrics, University of Hamburg) |
| Abstract: | In empirischen Analysen werden Testergebnisse häufig tabellarisch als statistisch signifikante oder insignifikante Resultate ausgewiesen. Der vorliegende Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit der sachgerechten Interpretation der insignifikanten Resultate und der Analyse möglicher Ursachen. Als Beispiel dienen uns die Daten und Regressionsmodelle aus der Untersuchung von Hagn and Maennig (2009) zu den potentiellen Beschäftigungseffekten der Fußball-Weltmeisterschaft 2006. Wir berechnen Kennzahlen zur Diagnose der Fast-Multikollinearität der Regressoren und empirische Gütefunktionen der relevanten t-Tests unter Berücksichtigung von autokorrelierten und heteroskedastischen Störgrößen mit Hilfe von Simulationsrechnungen. Außerdem betrachten wir zwei leicht modifizierte Modellvarianten und sogenannte Äquivalenztests. Unser Beitrag ist als Anregung zur Verwendung weiterer Diagnosewerkzeuge gedacht, um Testentscheidungen besser abzusichern. |
| Keywords: | statistische Signifikanz, Fast-Multikollinearität, empirische Gütefunktion, Fußball-Weltmeisterschaft,Ex-post-Analyse |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hce:wpaper:062&r=spo |
| By: | Alex Gershkov; Paul Schweinzer |
| Abstract: | We model leadership selection, competition, and decision making in teams with heterogeneous membership composition. We show that if the choice of leadership in a team is imprecise or noisy—which may arguably be the case if appointment decisions are made by non-expert administrators—then it is not necessarily the case that the best individuals should be selected as team members. On the contrary, and in line with what has been called the “Apollo effect,†a “dream team†consisting of unambiguously higher performing individuals may perform worse in terms of team output than a group composed of lower performers. We characterize the properties of the leadership selection and production processes which lead to the Apollo effect and clarify when the opposite effect occurs in which supertalent performs better than comparatively less qualified groups. |
| Keywords: | team composition, leadership, mistakes |
| JEL: | C70 D70 J80 |
| Date: | 2017 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ces:ceswps:_6381&r=spo |