Folia Parasitologica, vol. 38 (1991), issue 3
ENZYME VARIANTS OF EIMERIA PARASITIZING THE DOMESTIC-FOWL AND POSSIBILITIES OF SPECIES DIAGNOSTICS
J KUCERA
Folia Parasitologica 38[3] 193-199 (1991)
Electrophoretic variation of the enzymes lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and glucosephosphate isomerase (GPI) of Eimeria parasitizing the domestic fowl in Czechoslovakia is summarized and the differentiation of species of poultry coccidia is discussed. A new method for evaluation of zymograms of coccidial enzymes is presented. This method enables the results of different experiments to be compared by calculating standarized rates of mobility of each enzyme band relative to the positions of reference variants coded LDH-8 or GPI-9.
ISOSPORA-CORVI RAY, SHIVNANI, OOMMEN AND BHASKARAN, 1952 FROM THE COMMON HOUSE CROW (CORVUS-SPLENDENS VIEILLOT) OF SELANGOR, PENINSULAR MALAYSIA
S K POON, W K CHEW
Folia Parasitologica 38[3] 201-208 (1991)
Faecal samples of 56 common house crows (Corvus splendens Vieillot) were collected from the Petaling Jaya and Kelang districts of Selangor, Peninsular Malaysia, and examined for coccidia. Intestinal tracts of 8 of the above crows were histologically examined under light microscopy to determine the site of coccidial infection and the endogenous stages present. Fifty three (94.6 %) crows had coccidial oocysts morphologically conforming to only one species of Isospora in their faeces at the time they were examined. The sporulated oocysts were found to be Isospora corviae (Ray et al. 1952) which has been emended to I. corvi. These oocysts are redescribed...
DEVELOPMENTAL CYCLE OF RUBENSTREMA-EXASPERATUM (RUDOLPHI, 1819) (TREMATODA, OMPHALOMETRIDAE)
J BUSTA, V NASINCOVA
Folia Parasitologica 38[3] 209-215 (1991)
The developmental cycle of the trematode Rubenstrena exasperatum (Rudolphi, 1819), a common parasite of insectivores of the family Soricidae, is described here for the first time. The first intermediate host in nature is the snail Planorbarius corneus. Metacercariae encysted experimentally in larvae of the mosquito Culex molestus; exceptionally, these were found encysted in daughter sporocysts. Adult specimens of R. exasperatum were found after experimental infections in the hamster Mesocricetus auratus. Daughter sporocysts, cercariae, metacercariae and adults are described in detail.
THE LIFE-CYCLE OF RUBENSTREMA-OPISTHOVITELLINUM SOLTYS, 1954 (TREMATODA, OMPHALOMETRIDAE)
V NASINCOVA, J BUSTA
Folia Parasitologica 38[3] 217-224 (1991)
The life cycle of Rubenstrema opisthovitellinum Soltys, 1954, a parasite of shrews, is elucidated. The following developmental stages are described in detail: daughter sporocyst, cercaria, metacercaria, and adult. The freshwater snail Planorbarius corneus was found to be the first intermediate host in nature. The metacercariae were obtained from the larvae of mosquitoes Culex molestus and only exceptionally from snails Physa acuta. The adults were obtained from the small intestine of hamsters Mesocricetus auratus. The life cycle and the larval stages of R. opisthovitellinum are described for the first time.
DEVELOPMENT OF KHAWIA-SINENSIS HSU, 1935 (CESTODA, CARYOPHYLLIDEA) IN THE FISH HOST
T SCHOLZ
Folia Parasitologica 38[3] 225-234 (1991)
The development of the tapeworm Khawia sinensis has been observed up to the stage of sexually mature parasites releasing eggs in an experimentally infected definitive host (Cyprinus carpio) at 15-16-degrees-C. Juvenile, maturing, adult and gravid tapeworms were found 2-12, 19-24, 36-62, and 78-91 days post infection, respectively. No apparent size difference between tape-worms from carp kept at 20-22-degrees-C, examined 1-16 days post infection, and those from 15-16-degrees-C was observed. In naturally infected and fed carp, kept at 21-22-degrees-C, some tapeworms survived till the end of experiment (44 days) while in unfed fish they survived only...
OBSERVATIONS ON 2 RHABDOCHONA SPECIES (NEMATODA, RHABDOCHONIDAE) FROM FRESH-WATER FISHES IN IRAQ, INCLUDING DESCRIPTION OF R-SIMILIS SP-N
F MORAVEC, N M ALI, E S ABULEIS
Folia Parasitologica 38[3] 235-243 (1991)
Two species of the nematode genus Rhabdochona, R. similis sp. n. and R. denudata denudata (Dujardin, 1845), are reported for the first time from freshwater fishes from Iraq. The new species R. similis sp. n. (type host Glyptothorax sp.) is characterized largely by the presence of a markedly large prostom armed with 14 anterior teeth and without basal teeth, small spicule without a usual dorsal barb, and filamented eggs. Findings of R. denudata denudata in Barbus luteus and Cyprinion macrostomum represent new host records. Rhabdochona mesopotamica Rahemo et Kasim, 1979 is considered a junior synonym of R. denudata (Dujardin, 1845).
SIGNS, LARVAL BURDENS, AND SEROLOGICAL RESPONSES OF DOGS EXPERIMENTALLY INFECTED WITH TRICHINELLA-SPIRALIS OWEN, 1835
D D BOWMAN, M F FRONGILLO, K B JOHNSTON, R C JOHNSON
Folia Parasitologica 38[3] 245-253 (1991)
The effects of infections of Trichinella spiralis on 10 specific-pathogen-free Beagles were examined. Eight puppies received either 100, 500, 1,000, or 5,000 larvae, and 2 adult dogs received 1,000 larvae. Blood was drawn every 4 days, beginning 5 days before infection, for the determination of relative eosinophil numbers. Creatine kinase levels were monitored before infection, two weeks after infection, and one month after infection. The dogs were euthanized 1 month postinfection, and larvae were counted in muscle digests of 10 gram samples of diaphragm, pectoralis superficialis, masseter, biceps brachii, and vastus lateralis. The dogs displayed minor...
COLONIZATION OF ASCARIS-LUMBRICOIDES EGGS BY THE FUNGUS VERTICILLIUM-CHLAMYDOSPORIUM GODDARD
H LYSEK, J STERBA
Folia Parasitologica 38[3] 255-259 (1991)
The process of colonization of Ascaris lumbricoides eggs by the fungus Verticillium chlamydosporium was studied by scanning electron microscopy. The preparations were made by fractionation of egg suspension exposed to the fungus for four days and frozen in liquid nitrogen according to Sterba and Milacek (1986). Ovicidal fungus forms an abundant ramifying mycelial network in the area between the eggs. However, egg-shells are penetrated only by some hyphae without any penetration organs produced (simple hyphal penetration). In a liquid medium, after penetration, hyphae inside the eggs rapidly grow among inner structures of egg-shells and on the surface...
A UNIQUE OBSERVATION OF AN UNIDENTIFIED NEMATODE PENETRATING CAMPODEA-SILVESTRII BAGNALL (DIPLURA, INSECTA)
Z MRACEK, F WEYDA
Folia Parasitologica 38[3] 260 (1991)
RESISTANCE LEVELS OF 9 MOSQUITO SPECIES TO 4-PERCENT DDT IN PHNOM-PENH, KAMPUCHEA
M KOHN
Folia Parasitologica 38[3] 261-268 (1991)
According to the standard WHO method criteria, the mosquitoes Anopheles campestris and Culex vishnui were found to be susceptible to DDT in the territory of Phnom Penh. An. vagus and An. sinensis were approximately at the limit of susceptibility and the remaining five species (Aedes vexans, Cx. tritaeniorhynchus, Cx. fuscocephala, Cx. gelidus, Cx. bitaeniorhynchus) were found to be more or less resistant. Except for An. vagus, the males of all species were more susceptible than the females.
SUSCEPTIBILITY OF ADULT AEDES-AEGYPTI (L) AND CULEX-QUINQUEFASCIATUS SAY (DIPTERA, CULICIDAE) TO DDT IN KAMPUCHEA
M KOHN
Folia Parasitologica 38[3] 269-274 (1991)
The susceptibility to 4 % DDT was tested in adult Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes collected in houses in Phnom Penh (Kampuchea). It was found that in spite of the fact that insecticide treatment had not been performed for many years, the populations of both species as a whole remained resistant. However, there were some differences in the susceptibility between males and females and between engorged and hungry females. Possible causes of these differences are discussed in the present paper.
IMMUNE-RESPONSE OF THE LONG-TAILED FIELD-MOUSE (APODEMUS-SYLVATICUS) TO TICK-BORNE ENCEPHALITIS-VIRUS INFECTION
J KOPECKY, E TOMKOVA, M VLCEK
Folia Parasitologica 38[3] 275-282 (1991)
The immune response following infection with a virulent strain of Central European encephalitis (CEE) virus in a natural host, long-tailed field mouse (Apodemus sylvaticus L.) and white laboratory-bread ICR mouse, was compared. Viraemia was demonstrated in ICR mice after intraperitoneal infection with a dose of 10(5) LD50/0.5 ml. The virus titres were high in the spleen and, particularly, in the brain. In A. sylvaticus the virus was detected in the blood and spleen, but not in the brain. CEE virus multiplied in peritoneal macrophages from ICR mice, but not from A. sylvaticus. The infection induced a strong interferon response in both hosts. The natural...
PRELIMINARY COMPARISON OF 4 ANTIGENS OF THE GENUS TRICHINELLA IN AN ELISA TEST
V FIGALLOVA, S N BELOZEROV
Folia Parasitologica 38[3] 283-284 (1991)