omasum

 

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omasum

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Learned borrowing from Latin omāsum.

omasum (plural omasums or omasa)

1. (biology, food) The third compartment of the stomach of a ruminant; the lining of said compartment, regarded as a foodstuff.

   Synonyms: bible, leaf tripe, manyplies, psalterium

   Hypernyms: compartment, tripe

   Coordinate terms: abomasum, reticulum, rumen

   • 2009, Seiki Takatsuki, “17: Geographical Variations in Food Habits of Sika Deer: The Northern Grazer vs. the Southern Browser”, in Dale R. McCullough, Seiki Takatsuki, Koichi Kaji, editors, Sika Deer: Biology and Management of Native and Introduced Populations, Springer, page 235:

     The deer of the northern group are larger in body size and have well-developed rumino-reticulums, smaller omasums, and longer small intestines (Takatsuki 1988).

   • 2018, Anna Dee Fails, Christianne Magee, Anatomy and Physiology of Farm Animals, Wiley Blackwell, page 385:

     The omasum is a spherical organ filled with muscular laminae (an estimated 90 to 130 in the bovine omasum) that lie in sheets, much like the pages of a book (giving the omasum its colloquial name, book stomach).

   • 2019, Philip Hynd, Animal Nutrition, CSIRO Publishing, unnumbered page:

     The role of the omasum is not entirely clear. The organ fills with very fluid digesta leaving the reticulo-rumen, but omasal contents are very dry and tightly compacted. Clearly, fluid absorption takes place in the omasum and in cattle, water, electrolytes and VFA^{[volatile fatty acids]} are absorbed.

   • 2019, Daryl Codron, Reinhold R. Hofmann, Marcis Clauss, “Chapter 4: Morphological and Physiological Adaptations for Browsing and Grazing”, in Iain J. Gordon, Herbert H. T. Prins, editors, The Ecology of Browsing and Grazing II, Springer, page 109:

     Finally, grazers, with the higher fluid throughput through the reticulorumen, require larger omasa (Table 4.6)—with the main function of omasa being the resorption of fluid, to prevent too diluted digesta reaching the sites of auto-enzymatic digestion (Clauss et al. 2006).

• abomasum
• bible
• fardel
• psalterium
• reticulum
• rumen
• tripe

Attested in the 1st century CE. Transmitted in Val. Max. 8, 1. damn. 8 a gloss τῇ τῶν Γάλλων γλώττῃ (têi tôn Gállōn glṓttēi), from Gaulish. This leaves considered a borrowing from the Punic descendant of Proto-Semitic *ḥamṯ- (“abdomen”),^[1] since the voiceless pharyngeal fricative there would have been weakened by that time and southern Gaul was teeming with Punic colonies.

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /oˈmaː.sum/, [ɔˈmäːs̠ʊ̃ˑ]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /oˈma.sum/, [oˈmäːs̬um]

omāsum n (genitive omāsī); second declension

1. The tripe of a bull.

Second-declension noun (neuter).

• English: omasum
• Italian: omaso

• “omasum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “omasum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• omasum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.