iouer

Middle French

Alternative forms

jouer

Etymology

Old French joer

Verb

iouer

to play (engage in play or in games)

Conjugation

Middle French conjugation varies from one text to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.

Conjugation of iouer

infinitive	compound	avoir + past participle
infinitive	simple	iouer
present participle¹ or gerund²	simple	iouant
present participle¹ or gerund²	compound	present participle or gerund of avoir + past participle
past participle		ioué
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ie (i’)	tu	il, elle	nous	vous	ilz, elles
(simple tenses)	present	ioue	ioues	ioue	iouons	iouez	iouent
	imperfect	iouois, iouoys	iouois, iouoys	iouoit, iouoyt	iouions, iouyons	iouiez, iouyez	iouoient, iouoyent
	past historic	ioua	iouas	ioua	iouasmes	iouastes	iouerent
	future	iouerai, ioueray	ioueras	iouera	iouerons	iouerez	ioueront
	conditional	iouerois, ioueroys	iouerois, ioueroys	ioueroit, ioueroyt	iouerions, ioueryons	ioueriez, ioueryez	ioueroient, ioueroyent
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que ie (i’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ilz, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	ioue	ioues	ioue	iouons	iouez	iouent
(simple tenses)	imperfect	iouasse	iouasses	iouast	iouassions	iouassiez	iouassent
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
(compound tenses)	pluperfect	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	~~nous~~	~~vous~~	–
simple		—	ioue	—	iouons	iouez	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
¹ The present participle was variable in gender and number until the 17th century (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], Une esthétique nouvelle: Honoré d'Urfé, correcteur de l'Astrée, p. 179). The French Academy would eventually declare it not to be declined in 1679.
² The gerund was held to be invariable by grammarians of the early 17th century, and was usable with preposition en, as in Modern French, although the preposition was not mandatory (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], op. cit., p. 180).

Descendants

French: jouer