kula

 

English Wikipedia has an article on:

kula

Wikipedia

From a South Slavic language, from Turkish kule, from Persian قله (qolle), from Arabic قُلَّة (qulla, “pinnacle, zenith”).

kula (plural kulas)

1. A tower, turret or steeple in Southeast Europe erected during the period of Ottoman domination on the area.
   • 1867, Georgina Mary Muir Mackenzie, Lady Georgina Mary Muir Sebright, Mackenzie Sebright, Adeline Paulina Irby, Travels in the Slavonic Provinces of Turkey-in-Europe, page 107:

     Instead of the haïdooks, their next of kin, the zaptiés now hold a kula on the highest point of the pass; here one pauses to rest after scrambling up the vile Turkish road on one side of the ravine, and before scrambling down the vile Turkish road on the other.

   • 1998, Adil Zulfikarpašić, Milovan Djilas, Nadežda Gaće, The Bosniak‎^[1], page 5:

     The most important kulas of the Čengić-begs are those in Zagorje, in Rataji and the River Odžak near Ustikolina.

   • 1998, Miranda Vickers, Between Serb and Albanian, page 111:

     The kulas were indeed like fortresses, with as many as twenty 'guns', ie. adult men ready to fight.

kula (uncountable)

1. A ceremonial exchange system conducted in the Milne Bay Province of Papua New Guinea, involving the exchange of bracelets and necklaces, and linked to political authority.

• Kalu, Luka, lauk

kula

1. Romanization of ᬓᬸᬮ

kula

1. glue; or any sticky adhesive substance

kula

1. to glue; to join or attach something using glue

• IPA^(key): [ˈkula]

kula

1. inflection of kout:
   1. feminine singular past active participle
   2. neuter plural past active participle

kula

1. field, open area

   kula mauʻu

   meadow, field of grass

2. school

• IPA^(key): [ˈkulɒ]
• Hyphenation: ku‧la
• Rhymes: -lɒ

kula (plural kulák)

1. (slang) shit

kula

1. Romanization of ꦏꦸꦭ.

Ultimately from Persian کل (kol).

• (Mansûrâbâdî) IPA^(key): [qulɒ]
• (Xarrâbî) IPA^(key): [kʊla(ː)], [ku̞laː]

kula (comparative kulatar)

1. short, small

• Doerfer, Gerhard (1980) Wörterbuch des Chaladsch (Dialekt von Charrab) [Khalaj dictionary] (in German), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó
• Doerfer, Gerhard (1971) Khalaj Materials, Indiana University, →ISBN

kula

1. ginger

From Javanese ꦏꦸꦭ (kula).

• (Johor-Selangor) IPA^(key): /kulə/
• (Riau-Lingga) IPA^(key): /kula/
• Rhymes: -ulə, -lə, -ə

kula (Jawi spelling کولا, plural kula-kula, informal 1st possessive kulaku, 2nd possessive kulamu, 3rd possessive kulanya)

1. (Javanese) slave

kula (Jawi spelling کولا)

1. (Javanese, possibly obsolete) I (me, my)

• aku
• saya

• “kula” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

kula

1. not (negative particle)

kula

1. male she oak tree.

• kulen

kula f

1. definite feminine singular of kule

kula f

1. definite singular of kule

Borrowed from Sanskrit कुल (kula, “family; clan; lineage; herd; flock”).

• IPA^(key): /ku.la/
• Rhymes: -la
• Homophones: kula, kūla
• Hyphenation: ku‧la

kula

1. family
2. descent, origin

• > Javanese: ꦏꦸꦭ (kula) (inherited)
  • → Malay: kula
  • → Musi: kulo
• → Balinese: ᬓᬸᬮ (kula)

kula

1. wife of lower rank, second wife to the queen

• "kula" in P.J. Zoetmulder with the collaboration of S.O. Robson, Old Javanese-English Dictionary. 's-Gravenhage: M. Nijhoff, 1982.

Inherited from Sanskrit कुल (kula).

kula n

1. clan, caste, family

• → Burmese: ကုလား (ku.la:)
• → Thai: กุล (gun)

Pali Text Society (1921–1925) “kula”, in Pali-English Dictionary‎, London: Chipstead

 

Polish Wikipedia has an article on:

kula

Wikipedia ^pl

Apparently borrowed from Middle High German kūle. In most senses cognate with German Kugel,^[1] in the sense “crutch” cognate with German Keule.^[2]

• Audio 1:

  (file)

• Audio 2:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ula
• Syllabification: ku‧la
• Homophone: Kula

kula f (diminutive kulka)

1. ball (spherical object)

   kula śnieżna ― snowball

2. (mathematics, geometry, topology) ball
3. bullet
4. crutch

   chodzić o kulach ― to walk on crutches

5. (sports) shot (the heavy iron ball)

   pchnięcie kulą ― shot put

6. (Central Greater Poland, humorous or Western Greater Poland, Chełmno-Dobrzyń, figuratively) Synonym of głowa
7. (Kociewie) crooked stick with which a village head convenes a village

• → Belarusian: ку́ля (kúlja)
• → Russian: пу́ля (púlja) (with sound changes)
• → Ukrainian: ку́ля (kúlja)

• piłka
• kłębek

• kula in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• kula in Polish dictionaries at PWN
• Oskar Kolberg (1877) “kula”, in “Rzecz o mowie ludu wielkopolskiego”, in Zbiór wiadomości do antropologii krajowéj (in Polish), volume 1, III (Materyjały etnologiczne), page 19
• Oskar Kolberg (1877) “kula”, in “Rzecz o mowie ludu wielkopolskiego”, in Zbiór wiadomości do antropologii krajowéj (in Polish), volume 1, III (Materyjały etnologiczne), page 27
• Gustaw Pobłocki (1887) “kula”, in Słownik kaszubski z dodatkiem idyotyzmów chełmińskich i kociewskich (in Polish), 2 edition, Chełmno, page 134
• Gustaw Pobłocki (1887) “kula”, in Słownik kaszubski z dodatkiem idyotyzmów chełmińskich i kociewskich (in Polish), 2 edition, Chełmno, page 153

• luka

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish قله (kulle) (Turkish kule), from Persian قله (qolle), from Arabic قُلَّة (qulla, “pinnacle, zenith”).

• IPA^(key): /kǔːla/
• Hyphenation: ku‧la

kúla f (Cyrillic spelling ку́ла)

1. tower

   Synonym: toranj

2. turret

   Synonym: kupola, toranj

3. belfry, steeple

   Synonym: zvonik

4. (chess) rook

Chess pieces in Serbo-Croatian · šahovske figure / шаховске фигуре (layout · text)
kralj краљ	dama, kraljica дама, краљица	top, kula топ, кула	lovac, trkač, laufer ловац, тркач, лауфер	skakač, konj скакач, коњ	pješak, pešak, pion, pijun пјешак, пешак, пион, пијун

• IPA^(key): /ˈkula/
• Hyphenation: ku‧la

kula

1. (transitive) to tell

• Kazuhiro Kawachi (2007) A grammar of Sidaama (Sidamo), a Cushitic language of Ethiopia, page 30
• Gizaw Shimelis, editor (2007), “kula”, in Sidaama-Amharic-English dictionary, Addis Ababa: Sidama Information and Culture department

Cognate with Swahili -ugua.

This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

kula

1. to be sick/ill

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

kula (verbal noun of the ku class)

1. infinitive of -la

From Old Norse kúla (“lump, swelling”), with the meaning of "sphere" influenced by Middle Low German kule (“depression, bulge”) and German Kugel (“ball, sphere, bullet”).

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -²ʉːla

kula c

1. a small ball made of earthenware, glass (marble) or a similar hard material; marble: spela kula; of steel in a ball bearing; sphere; testicle, often in the compound pungkula
2. a bullet

   En kula träffade honom rakt i tinningen.

   A bullet hit him right in the temple.

3. a den (inhabited cavern or hollow)

   lejonkula

   lion's den

   rövarkula

   den of robbers

4. (slang, chiefly in the plural) money

   Jag har tjänat massa kulor med den här bilen.

   I've made tons of cash with this car.

5. (heraldry) roundel
6. (athletics) shot put (athletics event)

   Synonym: kulstötning

7. (of icecream) scoop

• → Finnish: kuula

• stöta

• kula in Svensk ordbok (SO)
• kula in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
• kula in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

• IPA^(key): [ˈku.la]

kula

1. (ditransitive) to give

• Edward A. Kotynski (1988) “Tabaru phonology and morphology”, in Work Papers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of North Dakota Session, volume 32, Summer Institute of Linguistics

Possibly from Spanish colar (“to sift; to strain”).

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /kuˈla/ [kʊˈla]
• Rhymes: -a
• Syllabification: ku‧la

kulá (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜎ)

1. bleaching of clothes under the sun (usually with blueing)

   Synonym: pagkukula

2. clothes being bleached under the sun

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /ˈkula/ [ˈkuː.lɐ]
• Rhymes: -ula
• Syllabification: ku‧la

kula (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜎ) (botany)

1. Geodorum densiflorum (terrestrial orchid)

• “kula”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018

• ulak

• IPA^(key): /kʊˈla/
• Hyphenation: ku‧la

kula

1. accusative singular of kul

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

kula

1. old

From Proto-Chatino *kwela, from Proto-Zapotecan *kw-ella.

kula

1. fish

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

kula

1. star