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Wiktionary

bán

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ban"

Czech

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Czech Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia cs

Etymology

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From Serbo-Croatian bȃn/ба̑н (“lord; ban”), from Proto-Slavic *banъ; see there for more.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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bán m anim (related adjective bánský)

  1. (historical) ban (title in the historical Kingdom of Croatia and the Kingdom of Hungary, like a palatine or governor of a province)
  2. (historical) ban (governor of a banovina in Yugoslavia from 1929 to 1941)

Declension

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Declension of bán (hard masculine animate)
singular plural
nominative bán báni
genitive bána bánů
dative bánovi, bánu bánům
accusative bána bány
vocative báne báni
locative bánovi, bánu bánech
instrumental bánem bány
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Further reading

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  • “bán”, in Kartotéka Novočeského lexikálního archivu (in Czech)
  • “bán”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
  • “bán” in Akademický slovník současné češtiny, 2012–2024, slovnikcestiny.cz
  • “bán”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)

Hungarian

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ˈbaːn]
  • Audio:(file)
  • Hyphenation: bán
  • Rhymes: -aːn

Etymology 1

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From a Turkic language. Doublet of bánik.

Verb

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bán

  2. (transitive, chiefly in the negative) to mind, to object to, to be bothered by
    Nem bánod, ha kinyitom az ablakot? ― Do you mind if I open the window?
    Nem bánnám, ha néha segítenél kitakarítani. ― I wouldn’t mind if you helped me clean the house once in a while.
  3. (transitive) to regret
    Synonym: sajnál
Usage notes
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Conjugation
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conjugation of bán
Click for archaic forms 1st person sg 2nd person sg
informal 		3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal 		1st person pl 2nd person pl
informal 		3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal


Indica­tive
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. bánok bánsz bán bánunk bántok bánnak
Def. bánom bánod bánja bánjuk bánjátok bánják
2nd-p. o. bánlak ―
Past Indef. bántam bántál bánt bántunk bántatok bántak
Def. bántam bántad bánta bántuk bántátok bánták
2nd-p. o. bántalak ―
Future Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. bánni fog.
Archaic
Preterit 		Indef. bánék bánál bána bánánk bánátok bánának
Def. bánám bánád báná bánánk bánátok bánák
2nd-p. o. bánálak ―
Archaic Past Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. bán vala, bánt vala/volt.
Archaic
Future 		Indef. bánandok bánandasz bánand bánandunk bánandotok bánandanak
Def. bánandom bánandod bánandja bánandjuk bánandjátok bánandják
2nd-p. o. bánandalak ―
Condi­tional
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. bánnék bánnál bánna bánnánk bánnátok bánnának
Def. bánnám bánnád bánná bánnánk
(or bánnók) 		bánnátok bánnák
2nd-p. o. bánnálak ―
Past Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. bánt volna
Sub­junc­tive
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. bánjak bánj or
bánjál 		bánjon bánjunk bánjatok bánjanak
Def. bánjam bánd or
bánjad 		bánja bánjuk bánjátok bánják
2nd-p. o. bánjalak ―
(Archaic) Past Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. bánt légyen
Infinitive bánni bánnom bánnod bánnia bánnunk bánnotok bánniuk
Other
forms 		Verbal noun Present part. Past part. Future part. Adverbial participle Causative
bánás bánó bánt bánandó bánva (bánván)
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular
(and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs).
potential conjugation of bán
Click for archaic forms 1st person sg 2nd person sg
informal 		3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal 		1st person pl 2nd person pl
informal 		3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal
Indica­tive
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. bánhatok bánhatsz bánhat bánhatunk bánhattok bánhatnak
Def. bánhatom bánhatod bánhatja bánhatjuk bánhatjátok bánhatják
2nd-p. o. bánhatlak ―
Past Indef. bánhattam bánhattál bánhatott bánhattunk bánhattatok bánhattak
Def. bánhattam bánhattad bánhatta bánhattuk bánhattátok bánhatták
2nd-p. o. bánhattalak ―
Archaic
Preterit 		Indef. bánhaték bánhatál bánhata bánhatánk bánhatátok bánhatának
Def. bánhatám bánhatád bánhatá bánhatánk bánhatátok bánhaták
2nd-p. o. bánhatálak ―
Archaic Past Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. bánhat vala, bánhatott vala/volt.
Archaic
Future 		Indef. bánhatandok
or bánandhatok 		bánhatandasz
or bánandhatsz 		bánhatand
or bánandhat 		bánhatandunk
or bánandhatunk 		bánhatandotok
or bánandhattok 		bánhatandanak
or bánandhatnak
Def. bánhatandom
or bánandhatom 		bánhatandod
or bánandhatod 		bánhatandja
or bánandhatja 		bánhatandjuk
or bánandhatjuk 		bánhatandjátok
or bánandhatjátok 		bánhatandják
or bánandhatják
2nd-p. o. bánhatandalak
or bánandhatlak 		―
Condi­tional
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. bánhatnék bánhatnál bánhatna bánhatnánk bánhatnátok bánhatnának
Def. bánhatnám bánhatnád bánhatná bánhatnánk
(or bánhatnók) 		bánhatnátok bánhatnák
2nd-p. o. bánhatnálak ―
Past Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. bánhatott volna
Sub­junc­tive
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. bánhassak bánhass or
bánhassál 		bánhasson bánhassunk bánhassatok bánhassanak
Def. bánhassam bánhasd or
bánhassad 		bánhassa bánhassuk bánhassátok bánhassák
2nd-p. o. bánhassalak ―
(Archaic) Past Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. bánhatott légyen
Inf. (bánhatni) (bánhatnom) (bánhatnod) (bánhatnia) (bánhatnunk) (bánhatnotok) (bánhatniuk)
Positive adjective bánható Neg. adj. bánhatatlan Adv. part. (bánhatva / bánhatván)
Derived terms
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(With verbal prefixes):

See also
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Etymology 2

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From Old Hungarian ban (1146), from a South Slavic language; compare Serbo-Croatian bȃn/ба̑н (“lord; ban”), from Proto-Slavic *banъ; see there for more.

Noun

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bán (plural bánok)

 
Hungarian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia hu
  2. (historical) ban (title in the historical Kingdom of Croatia and the Kingdom of Hungary, like a palatine or governor of a province)
Declension
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Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony)
singular plural
nominative bán bánok
accusative bánt bánokat
dative bánnak bánoknak
instrumental bánnal bánokkal
causal-final bánért bánokért
translative bánná bánokká
terminative bánig bánokig
essive-formal bánként bánokként
essive-modal — —
inessive bánban bánokban
superessive bánon bánokon
adessive bánnál bánoknál
illative bánba bánokba
sublative bánra bánokra
allative bánhoz bánokhoz
elative bánból bánokból
delative bánról bánokról
ablative bántól bánoktól
non-attributive
possessive - singular 		báné bánoké
non-attributive
possessive - plural 		bánéi bánokéi
Possessive forms of bán
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. bánom bánjaim
2nd person sing. bánod bánjaid
3rd person sing. bánja bánjai
1st person plural bánunk bánjaink
2nd person plural bánotok bánjaitok
3rd person plural bánjuk bánjaik
Derived terms
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References

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Further reading

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  • (to mind, to regret): bán in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
  • (ban [historical]): bán in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
  • bán in Nóra Ittzés, editor, A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published a–ez as of 2024).

Irish

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Old Irish bán (“white”), from Proto-Celtic *bānos (“white”).

Adjective

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bán (genitive singular masculine báin, genitive singular feminine báine, plural bána, comparative báine)

  1. white
  2. blank
  3. fair-haired
  4. (sexuality, LGBTQ) gay, homosexual
Declension
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Declension of bán
singular plural (m/f)
Positive masculine feminine (strong noun) (weak noun)
nominative bán bhán bána;
bhána2
vocative bháin bána
genitive báine bána bán
dative bán;
bhán1 		bhán;
bháin (archaic) 		bána;
bhána2
Comparative níos báine
Superlative is báine

1 When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article.
2 When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.

Derived terms
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Descendants
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  • → Yola: baun, bawn

Noun

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bán m (genitive singular báin, nominative plural bána)

  1. white
Declension
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Declension of bán (first declension)
bare forms
case singular plural
nominative bán ba
vocative a bháin a bhána
genitive báin bán
dative bán ba
forms with the definite article
case singular plural
nominative an bán na ba
genitive an bháin na mbán
dative leis an mbán
don bhán 		leis na ba
Derived terms
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See also

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Colors in Irish · dathanna (layout · text)
     bán      liath      dubh
             dearg; corcairdhearg              oráiste, flannbhuí; donn              buí; bánbhuí
             líoma-ghlas, glas líoma              glas, uaine              dath an mhiontais
             cian              gormghlas, spéirghorm              gorm
             corcairghorm; indeagó              maigeanta; corcra              bándearg

Verb

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bán (present analytic bánann, future analytic bánfaidh, verbal noun bánadh, past participle bánta)

  1. (transitive, intransitive) Alternative form of bánaigh (“whiten; blanch; clear out, empty, depopulate”)
Conjugation
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conjugation of bán (first conjugation – A)
singular plural relative autonomous
first second third first second third
indicative present bánaim bánann tú;
bánair† 		bánann sé, sí bánaimid bánann sibh bánann siad;
bánaid† 		a bhánann; a bhánas /
a mbánann* 		bántar
past bhán mé; bhánas bhán tú; bhánais bhán sé, sí bhánamar; bhán muid bhán sibh; bhánabhair bhán siad; bhánadar a bhán /
ar bhán* 		bánadh
past habitual bhánainn / mbánainn‡‡ bhántá / mbántᇇ bhánadh sé, sí / mbánadh sé, s퇇 bhánaimis; bhánadh muid / mbánaimis‡‡; mbánadh muid‡‡ bhánadh sibh / mbánadh sibh‡‡ bhánaidís; bhánadh siad / mbánaidís‡‡; mbánadh siad‡‡ a bhánadh /
a mbánadh* 		bhántaí / mbánta퇇
future bánfaidh mé;
bánfad 		bánfaidh tú;
bánfair† 		bánfaidh sé, sí bánfaimid;
bánfaidh muid 		bánfaidh sibh bánfaidh siad;
bánfaid† 		a bhánfaidh; a bhánfas /
a mbánfaidh* 		bánfar
conditional bhánfainn / mbánfainn‡‡ bhánfá / mbánfᇇ bhánfadh sé, sí / mbánfadh sé, s퇇 bhánfaimis; bhánfadh muid / mbánfaimis‡‡; mbánfadh muid‡‡ bhánfadh sibh / mbánfadh sibh‡‡ bhánfaidís; bhánfadh siad / mbánfaidís‡‡; mbánfadh siad‡‡ a bhánfadh /
a mbánfadh* 		bhánfaí / mbánfa퇇
subjunctive present go mbána mé;
go mbánad† 		go mbána tú;
go mbánair† 		go mbána sé, sí go mbánaimid;
go mbána muid 		go mbána sibh go mbána siad;
go mbánaid† 		— go mbántar
past dá mbánainn dá mbántá dá mbánadh sé, sí dá mbánaimis;
dá mbánadh muid 		dá mbánadh sibh dá mbánaidís;
dá mbánadh siad 		— dá mbántaí
imperative bánaim bán bánadh sé, sí bánaimis bánaigí;
bánaidh† 		bánaidís — bántar
verbal noun bánadh
past participle bánta

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

Etymology 2

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From Old Irish bán (“untilled land, lea”), from the adjective bán (“white”).

Noun

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bán m (genitive singular báin, nominative plural bánta)

  1. (geography) lea; grassland
  2. uncultivated land
Declension
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Declension of bán (first declension)
bare forms
case singular plural
nominative bán bánta
vocative a bháin a bhánta
genitive báin bánta
dative bán bánta
forms with the definite article
case singular plural
nominative an bán na bánta
genitive an bháin na mbánta
dative leis an mbán
don bhán 		leis na bánta

Etymology 3

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Noun

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bán m (genitive singular báin, nominative plural báin)

  1. Alternative form of bábhún (“walled enclosure”)
Declension
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Declension of bán (first declension)
bare forms
case singular plural
nominative bán báin
vocative a bháin a bhána
genitive báin bán
dative bán báin
forms with the definite article
case singular plural
nominative an bán na báin
genitive an bháin na mbán
dative leis an mbán
don bhán 		leis na báin
Descendants
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Mutation

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Mutated forms of bán
radical lenition eclipsis
bán bhán mbán

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

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Old Irish

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Etymology

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From Proto-Celtic *bānos (“white”).

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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bán

  1. white
  2. pure

Inflection

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o/ā-stem
Singular Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative bán bán bán
Vocative báin*
bán**
Accusative bán báin
Genitive báin báine báin
Dative bán báin bán
Plural Masculine Feminine/neuter
Nominative báin bána
Vocative bánu
bána†
Accusative bánu
bána†
Genitive bán
Dative bánaib
Notes *modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative

**modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative
† not when substantivized

Synonyms

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Descendants

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Mutation

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Mutation of bán
radical lenition nasalization
bán bán
pronounced with /β(ʲ)-/ 		mbán

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

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Tày

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Vietnamese bàn.

Noun

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bán

  1. altar

Etymology 2

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Verb

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bán

  1. to leave out
    ton bán ― to leave out castration

Etymology 3

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Noun

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bán

  1. winnowing basket

Etymology 4

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Adjective

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bán

  1. chipped
    Synonyms: bín, bỉu, va̱o
    mạc pjạ bán ― chipped knife
    pát bán ― chipped bowl
    bán pay ám nưng ― with one piece chippped

References

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  • Lương Bèn (2011) Từ điển Tày-Việt [Tay-Vietnamese dictionary]‎[1][2] (in Vietnamese), Thái Nguyên: Nhà Xuất bản Đại học Thái Nguyên
  • Léopold Michel Cadière (1910) Dictionnaire Tày-Annamite-Français [Tày-Vietnamese-French Dictionary]‎[3] (in French), Hanoi: Impressions d'Extrême-Orient

Vietnamese

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Sino-Vietnamese word from 半 (“half”).

Prefix

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bán

  1. half-; semi-; hemi-
    bán hẹp bao quy đầu ― with a semi-tight foreskin
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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From Proto-Vietic *paːɲʔ.

Verb

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bán • (半, 𬥓, 拌)

  1. to sell
Derived terms
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Derived terms
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