開開

See also: 开开

Chinese

		open; operate (vehicle); start	open; operate (vehicle); start
trad. (開開)		開	開
simp. (开开)		开	开

Pronunciation 1

Mandarin
(Pinyin): kāikāi

(Zhuyin): ㄎㄞㄎㄞ
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): khui--khui

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: kāikāi → kāikai (toneless final syllable variant)
  - Zhuyin: ㄎㄞㄎㄞ → ㄎㄞ ˙ㄎㄞ (toneless final syllable variant)
  - Tongyong Pinyin: kaikåi
  - Wade–Giles: kʻai¹-kʻai⁵
  - Yale: kāi-kai
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kai.kai
  - Palladius: кайкай (kajkaj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰaɪ̯⁵⁵ kʰaɪ̯⁵⁵/ → /kʰaɪ̯⁵⁵ kʰaɪ̯²/

Note: "kāikāi" - all contexts;
"kāikai" - when no element is inserted between the verb 開 and the complement 開.

Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khui--khui
  - Tâi-lô: khui--khui

Verb

開⫽開 (verb-complement)

(Southern Min, colloquial Mandarin) to open (books (Southern Min), drawers, parcels, doors, etc)
把電閘開開／把电闸开开 ― bǎ diànzhá kāi kai ― to turn on the switch on the circuit breaker

窗戶開不開了。／窗户开不开了。 ― Chuānghu kāi bù kāi le. ― The window became unable to be opened.
- 遇必要的時候，她們必須在門口買點針線或青菜什麼的，也只把門開開一點縫子，仿佛怕走漏了門中什麼秘密似的。 [MSC, trad.]
  遇必要的时候，她们必须在门口买点针线或青菜什么的，也只把门开开一点缝子，仿佛怕走漏了门中什么秘密似的。 [MSC, simp.]
  From: 1944, Lao She, Four Generations Under One Roof, chapter 2
  Yù bìyào de shíhòu, tāmen bìxū zài ménkǒu mǎi diǎn zhēnxiàn huò qīngcài shénme de, yě zhǐ bǎ mén kāi kāi yī diǎn fèngzi, fǎngfú pà zǒulòu le mén zhōng shénme mìmì shìde. [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Synonyms

打開／打开 (dǎkāi)

Pronunciation 2

Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): khui-khui

Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khui-khui
  - Tâi-lô: khui-khui
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qui'quy
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kʰui⁴⁴⁻²² kʰui⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰui³³ kʰui³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰui⁴⁴⁻²² kʰui⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kʰui⁴⁴⁻³³ kʰui⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰui⁴⁴⁻³³ kʰui⁴⁴/

Adjective

開開

(Southern Min) open

Pronunciation 3

Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹khe-khe

Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ¹khe-khe
  - MiniDict: khe^平 khe
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹khe-khe
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /kʰe⁵⁵ kʰe²¹/

Adverb

開開

(Wu, dated) just; just now; a moment ago

Synonyms

edit

今仔 (Hokkien)
剛剛／刚刚 (gānggāng)
剛才／刚才 (gāngcái)
方才 (fāngcái)
暫／暂 (zàn) (literary)
站仔 (Hokkien)
適才／适才 (shìcái)

Dialectal synonyms of 剛才 (“just now”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		剛才, 方才, 適才, 剛剛, 剛
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	剛才, 才剛, 將才
	Taiwan	剛才, 剛剛, 剛
	Harbin	才剛兒, 頭先, 頭前兒
	Malaysia	剛才
	Singapore	剛才, 剛剛, 剛
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	剛才, 剛剛的
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	剛打剛兒, 剛剛兒
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	才剛, 才剛剛兒
	Wanrong	剛剛
	Xi'an	剛才
	Xining	才才
	Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)	才剛
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	剛才, 才剛
Lanyin Mandarin	Ürümqi	剛才, 剛剛, 剛, 剛頭兒
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	才剛, 剛才, 剛剛, 剛, 先頭
	Wuhan	才剛, 剛才, 才一路, 才路, 一路
	Liuzhou	頭先, 啱先
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	剛才, 才剛, 剛剛
	Yangzhou	剛才, 才剛, 剛剛, 剛
	Hefei	剛才
Cantonese	Guangzhou	頭先, 求先, 啱先, 啱啱, 先頭, 正話, 疇先
	Hong Kong	頭先, 求先, 啱先, 啱啱, 先頭, 正話
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou)	正就
	Macau	頭先
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	頭先, 啱啱, 啱先, 正話
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	啱啱
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	啱啱
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	頭先
	Foshan	剛啱, 舊家
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	舊先
	Foshan (Shunde)	頭先
	Foshan (Sanshui)	啱啱
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	啱青
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	頭先
	Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)	頭先
	Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	頭先
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	頭先
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	頭先
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	頭先
	Taishan	頭先, 正話
	Kaiping (Chikan)	頭先
	Enping (Niujiang)	頭先
	Heshan (Yayao)	啱啱
	Dongguan	蚊蚊, 啱先, 啱啱
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	頭先
	Yangjiang	頭先, 啱先
	Nanning	啱先
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	啱啱, 正話
	Singapore (Guangfu)	頭先, 啱啱
Gan	Nanchang	剛腳, 一腳
Gan	Lichuan	剛腳
Hakka	Meixian	頭先, 啱先, 啱啱
	Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua)	先頭, 頭先
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	正先
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	正先
	Wuhua (Huacheng)	早先
	Wengyuan	頭先
	Liannan	正先
	Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua)	啱啱
	Jiexi	早回
	Changting	頭先
	Wuping (Yanqian)	頭間
	Ninghua	正
	Ningdu	當頭
	Tonggu (Sandu)	正
	Dayu	剛正哩
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	頭先, 頭下
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	頭先, 頭下
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	頭先, 頭下
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	頭先, 頭下
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	頭先, 頭下
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	頭先, 頭下
	Hong Kong	頭先
	Mengshan (Xihe)	啱
	Luchuan	啱先
	Senai (Huiyang)	正先
Huizhou	Jixi	剛才, 剛剛, 剛之
Jin	Taiyuan	剛才, 剛剛
Northern Min	Jian'ou	頃先, 頃, 頃頃
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	頭先, 頭先早, 連眼, 連刻, 矢文
Southern Min	Xiamen	頭先, 拄仔, 拄拄, 拄拄仔, 拄才, 拄仔才, 頭拄仔, 拄
	Quanzhou	頭先, 拄仔, 拄拄, 拄拄仔, 拄才, 拄仔才, 頭拄仔, 頭站仔, 拄
	Zhangzhou	頭先, 拄仔, 拄拄, 拄拄仔, 拄才, 拄仔才, 頭拄仔, 前拄仔, 盡拄仔, 拄
	Kaohsiung	拄才
	Yilan	拄才
	Changhua (Lukang)	拄才
	Taichung	拄拄仔
	Taichung (Wuqi)	拄仔才
	Tainan	頭陣仔
	Taitung	頭拄仔
	Hsinchu	拄仔
	Penghu (Magong)	拄才
	Penang (Hokkien)	麻汝, 耽仔
	Singapore (Hokkien)	麻汝, 頭先, 頭早
	Manila (Hokkien)	站仔, 頭站仔
	Chaozhou	頭陣, 同早, 同旰
	Shantou	剛才
	Jieyang	同早, 同旰, 頭先, 同陣, 頭陣, 自早
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	同旰
	Singapore (Teochew)	麻汝, 頭先, 同早
	Leizhou	當奉囝
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	頭先, 開頭, 啱啱, 啱先
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	啱先, 頭先, 幾早, 頭幾早
Wu	Shanghai	剛剛, 剛, 剛正, 開開 dated, 客客 dated, 方才 dated
	Suzhou	剛剛, 剛剛頭, 剛巧
	Danyang	剛才, 剛剛
	Hangzhou	剛剛
	Ningbo	剛剛
	Wenzhou	頭前, 頭先, 頭兒
Xiang	Changsha	剛才, 才剛, 嚴剛
	Loudi	剛剛
	Shuangfeng	當好, 才當

References

“Entry #9215”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2024.
“Entry #9216”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2024.