練習

See also: 练习

Chinese

		to practise; to train; to perfect (one's skill) to practise; to train; to perfect (one's skill); to drill	to practise; to study; habit
trad. (練習)		練	習
simp. (练习)		练	习

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): liànxí

(Zhuyin): ㄌㄧㄢˋ ㄒㄧˊ

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): лянщи (li͡anxi, III-I)
Cantonese (Jyutping): lin⁶ zaap⁶
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): lien-si̍p
Jin (Wiktionary): lie³ xieh⁵
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): liān-si̍p

(Teochew, Peng'im): liêng⁷ sib⁸ / liang⁷ sib⁸
Wu (Northern, Wugniu): ⁶li-zhiq₈ / ⁶lie-jiq₈

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: liànxí
  - Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄢˋ ㄒㄧˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: liànsí
  - Wade–Giles: lien⁴-hsi²
  - Yale: lyàn-syí
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: liannshyi
  - Palladius: ляньси (ljanʹsi)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /li̯ɛn⁵¹ ɕi³⁵/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: лянщи (li͡anxi, III-I)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /liæ̃⁴⁴ ɕi²⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: lin⁶ zaap⁶
  - Yale: lihn jaahp
  - Cantonese Pinyin: lin⁶ dzaap⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: lin⁶ zab⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /liːn²² t͡saːp̚²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: lien-si̍p
  - Hakka Romanization System: lien xib
  - Hagfa Pinyim: lian⁴ xib⁶
  - Sinological IPA: /li̯en⁵⁵ sip̚⁵/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: lie³ xieh⁵
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /lie⁴⁵ ɕiəʔ⁵⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: liān-si̍p
  - Tâi-lô: liān-si̍p
  - Phofsit Daibuun: liexnsip
  - IPA (Xiamen): /liɛn²²⁻²¹ sip̚⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /liɛn⁴¹⁻²² sip̚²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /liɛn²²⁻²¹ sip̚¹²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /liɛn³³⁻¹¹ sip̚⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /liɛn³³⁻²¹ sip̚⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: liêng⁷ sib⁸ / liang⁷ sib⁸
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: liēng si̍p / liāng si̍p
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lieŋ¹¹ sip̚⁴/, /liaŋ¹¹ sip̚⁴/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶li-zhiq₈
  - MiniDict: li^去 zhih^入
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³li-xxiq₅
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /li²² ʑiɪʔ⁴⁴/
- (Northern: Jiaxing)
  - Wugniu: ⁶lie-jiq₈
  - MiniDict: lie^去 jih^入
  - Sinological IPA (Jiaxing): /lie²² d͡ʑiɪʔ⁵⁵/

Verb

練習

to practice

Noun

練習

practice

Synonyms

(figurative) 實戰／实战 (shízhàn)

Derived terms

練習所／练习所
練習曲／练习曲 (liànxíqǔ)
練習本／练习本 (liànxíběn)
練習生／练习生 (liànxíshēng)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (練習):

→ Japanese: 練(れん)習(しゅう) (renshū)
→ Korean: 연습(練習) (yeonseup)
→ Vietnamese: luyện tập (練習)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
練	習
れん Grade: 3	しゅう Grade: 3
on'yomi

Alternative spelling
練習 (kyūjitai)

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) れんしゅう [rèńshúú] (Heiban – [0])^[1]^[2]
IPA^(key): [ɾẽ̞ɰ̃ɕɨː]

Noun

練(れん)習(しゅう) • (renshū) ^{←れんしふ (rensifu)^?}

practice (learning or improvement of a skill)

Verb

練(れん)習(しゅう)する • (renshū suru) ^{←れんしふ (rensifu)^?}transitive suru (stem 練(れん)習(しゅう)し (renshū shi), past 練(れん)習(しゅう)した (renshū shita))

practice

Conjugation

Conjugation of "練習する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	練習し	れんしゅうし	renshū shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	練習し	れんしゅうし	renshū shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	練習する	れんしゅうする	renshū suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	練習する	れんしゅうする	renshū suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	練習すれ	れんしゅうすれ	renshū sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	練習せよ¹ 練習しろ²	れんしゅうせよ¹ れんしゅうしろ²	renshū seyo¹ renshū shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	練習される	れんしゅうされる	renshū sareru
Causative	練習させる練習さす	れんしゅうさせるれんしゅうさす	renshū saseru renshū sasu
Potential	練習できる	れんしゅうできる	renshū dekiru
Volitional	練習しよう	れんしゅうしよう	renshū shiyō
Negative	練習しない	れんしゅうしない	renshū shinai
Negative continuative	練習せず	れんしゅうせず	renshū sezu
Formal	練習します	れんしゅうします	renshū shimasu
Perfective	練習した	れんしゅうした	renshū shita
Conjunctive	練習して	れんしゅうして	renshū shite
Hypothetical conditional	練習すれば	れんしゅうすれば	renshū sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
練	習

Noun

練習 • (yeonseup) (hangeul 연습)

hanja form^? of 연습 (“practice”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
練	習

Verb

練習

chữ Hán form of luyện tập (“to practice”).

[DJR-1] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-2] NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

[1]

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