牛乳

Chinese

		ox; cow; bull	breast; milk
simp. and trad. (牛乳)		牛	乳
anagram		乳牛

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): niúrǔ

(Zhuyin): ㄋㄧㄡˊ ㄖㄨˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): ngau⁴ jyu⁵
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶gnieu-zy

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: niúrǔ
  - Zhuyin: ㄋㄧㄡˊ ㄖㄨˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: nióurǔ
  - Wade–Giles: niu²-ju³
  - Yale: nyóu-rǔ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: niouruu
  - Palladius: нюжу (njužu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ni̯oʊ̯³⁵ ʐu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: ngau⁴ jyu⁵
  - Yale: ngàuh yúh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: ngau⁴ jy⁵
  - Guangdong Romanization: ngeo⁴ yu⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋɐu̯²¹ jyː¹³/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶gnieu-zy
  - MiniDict: nyeu^去 zy
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³nyieu-zr
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /n̠ʲiɤ²² zz̩⁴⁴/

Noun

牛乳

cow's milk
- 唐人有𢬿牛乳共糖嚟攪茶有冇呢 [Cantonese, trad.]
  唐人有𢬿牛乳共糖嚟搅茶有冇呢 [Cantonese, simp.]
  From: 1841, Elijah Coleman Bridgman, Chinese Chrestomathy in the Canton Dialect, page 181
  tong⁴ jan⁴ jau⁵ kaai⁵ ngau⁴ jyu⁵ gung⁶ tong⁴ lai⁴ gaau² caa⁴ jau⁵ mou⁵ ne¹ [Jyutping]
  Do the Chinese use milk and sugar with their tea?

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 牛奶 (“cow's milk”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		牛奶, 牛乳
Northeastern Mandarin	Taiwan	牛奶
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	牛奶
Cantonese	Hong Kong	牛奶
Gan	Lichuan	牛奶
Hakka	Meixian	牛奶
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	牛奶
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	牛奶
	Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian)	牛奶
	Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian)	牛奶
	Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian)	牛奶
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	牛奶
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	牛奶
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	牛奶
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	牛奶
Northern Min	Jian'ou	牛奶
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	牛奶
Southern Min	Xiamen	牛奶
	Quanzhou	牛奶
	Jinjiang	牛奶
	Zhangzhou	牛奶
	New Taipei (Tamsui)	牛奶
	New Taipei (Pingxi)	牛奶
	Kaohsiung (Cijin)	牛奶
	Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang)	牛奶
	Yilan (Toucheng)	牛奶
	Tainan	牛奶
	Tainan (Anping)	牛奶
	Penghu (Xiyu)	牛奶
	Manila (Hokkien)	牛奶
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	牛奶
Wu	Shanghai	牛奶
Xiang	Changsha	牛唧唧 childish

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (牛乳):

→ Japanese: 牛乳(ぎゅうにゅう) (gyūnyū)
→ Korean: 우유(牛乳) (uyu)

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): ngiù-nen

(Hailu, HRS): ngiu nen^ˇ
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): gû-ni / gû-lin / gû-leng

Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngiù-nen
  - Hakka Romanization System: ngiu^ˇ nen
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ngiu² nen⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /ŋi̯u¹¹ nen⁵⁵/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: ngiu nen^ˇ
  - Sinological IPA: /ŋiu⁵⁵ nen¹¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei, Tainan, Magong, Singapore)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gû-ni
  - Tâi-lô: gû-ni
  - Phofsit Daibuun: guny
  - IPA (Singapore): /ɡu²⁴⁻²¹ ni⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Tainan): /ɡu²⁴⁻³³ nĩ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /ɡu²⁴⁻²² nĩ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /ɡu²⁴⁻¹¹ nĩ⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Lukang, Sanxia, Kinmen, Hsinchu, Jinjiang, Philippines)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gû-lin
  - Tâi-lô: gû-lin
  - Phofsit Daibuun: gulyn
  - IPA (Kinmen): /ɡu²⁴⁻¹² lin⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Lukang, Jinjiang, Philippines): /ɡu²⁴⁻²² lin³³/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Yilan, Taichung, Penang)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gû-leng
  - Tâi-lô: gû-ling
  - Phofsit Daibuun: gulefng
  - IPA (Penang): /ɡu²³⁻²¹ leŋ³³/
  - IPA (Yilan): /ɡu²⁴⁻³³ liɪŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɡu²³⁻³³ liɪŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɡu¹³⁻²² liɪŋ⁴⁴/

Noun

牛乳

(Hakka, Hokkien) Alternative form of 牛奶 (“cow's milk”)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
牛	乳
ぎゅう Grade: 2	にゅう Grade: 6
on'yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) ぎゅうにゅう [gyùúnyúú] (Heiban – [0])^[1]
IPA^(key): [ɡʲɨːɲ̟ɨː]
Audio: (file)

References

^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
牛	乳

Noun

牛乳 • (uyu) (hangeul 우유)

hanja form^? of 우유 (“milk”)

[NHK-1] NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

[1]

牛乳

Contents

Chinese

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Noun

Synonyms

Descendants

See also

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Noun

Japanese

Pronunciation

Noun

Synonyms

Derived terms

Related terms

References

Korean

Noun