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夢想

See also: 梦想

Chinese

		to dream	to think; to believe; to suppose to think; to believe; to suppose; to wish; to want; to miss
trad. (夢想)		夢	想
simp. (梦想)		梦	想

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): mèngxiǎng

(Zhuyin): ㄇㄥˋ ㄒㄧㄤˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): mung⁶ soeng²
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): mung-sióng
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): bōng-sióng / bōng-siáng

(Teochew, Peng'im): mang⁷ sion⁶ / mang⁷ siang²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: mèngxiǎng
  - Zhuyin: ㄇㄥˋ ㄒㄧㄤˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: mèngsiǎng
  - Wade–Giles: mêng⁴-hsiang³
  - Yale: mèng-syǎng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: menqsheang
  - Palladius: мэнсян (mɛnsjan)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɤŋ⁵¹ ɕi̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: mung⁶ soeng²
  - Yale: muhng séung
  - Cantonese Pinyin: mung⁶ soeng²
  - Guangdong Romanization: mung⁶ sêng²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mʊŋ²² sœːŋ³⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: mung-sióng
  - Hakka Romanization System: mung xiong^ˋ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: mung⁴ xiong³
  - Sinological IPA: /muŋ⁵⁵ si̯oŋ³¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bōng-sióng
  - Tâi-lô: bōng-sióng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: boxngsiorng
  - IPA (Xiamen): /bɔŋ²²⁻²¹ siɔŋ⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /bɔŋ⁴¹⁻²² siɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bōng-siáng
  - Tâi-lô: bōng-siáng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: boxngsiarng
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /bɔŋ²²⁻²¹ siaŋ⁵³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: mang⁷ sion⁶ / mang⁷ siang²
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: māng siŏⁿ / māng siáng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /maŋ¹¹ sĩõ³⁵/, /maŋ¹¹ siaŋ⁵²/

Middle Chinese: mjuwngH sjangX

Rime
Character	夢	想
Reading #	2/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	明 (4)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	東 (2)	陽 (105)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	莫鳳切	息兩切
Baxter	mjuwngH	sjangX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/mɨuŋ^H/	/sɨɐŋ^X/
Pan Wuyun	/miuŋ^H/	/siɐŋ^X/
Shao Rongfen	/miuŋ^H/	/siɑŋ^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/muwŋ^H/	/sɨaŋ^X/
Li Rong	/miuŋ^H/	/siaŋ^X/
Wang Li	/mĭuŋ^H/	/sĭaŋ^X/
Bernhard Karlgren	/mi̯uŋ^H/	/si̯aŋ^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	mèng	xiǎng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	mung⁶	soeng²

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*C.məŋ-s [s]aŋʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*mɯŋs slaŋʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	夢	想
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	mèng	xiǎng
Middle Chinese	‹ mjuwng^H ›	‹ sjang^X ›
Old Chinese	/*C.məŋ-s/	/*[s]aŋʔ/
English	dream	think
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	夢	想
Reading #	2/2	1/1
No.	8998	13585
Phonetic component	夢	相
Rime group	蒸	陽
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime		想
Old Chinese	/*mɯŋs/	/*slaŋʔ/

Noun

夢想

dream; hope; wish
追逐夢想／追逐梦想 ― zhuīzhú mèngxiǎng ― to chase one's dreams

Synonyms

壯志／壮志 (zhuàngzhì) (great ambitions)
夢寐／梦寐 (mèngmèi) (literary)
心志 (xīnzhì)
心骨 (xīngǔ) (literary)
志事 (zhìshì) (literary)
志向 (zhìxiàng)
志氣／志气 (zhìqì)
懷抱／怀抱 (huáibào) (literary)
抱負／抱负 (bàofù)
權欲／权欲 (quányù) (derogatory, lust for power)
理想 (lǐxiǎng)
職志／职志 (zhízhì)
野心 (yěxīn) (wild ambition)
雄心 (xióngxīn) (great ambitions)

Verb

夢想

to dream; to fantasize
to long for; to crave; to thirst for; to desire

Synonyms

(to dream): 幻想 (huànxiǎng), 空想 (kōngxiǎng), 做夢／做梦 (zuòmèng)
(to long for):

企待 (qǐdài) (literary)
企望 (qǐwàng)
企盼 (qǐpàn)
冀望 (jìwàng) (literary)
向望 (ǹg-bāng) (Hokkien)
寄望 (jìwàng)
巴望 (bāwàng) (regional)
希冀 (xījì) (literary)
希望 (xīwàng)
幸 (xìng) (literary)
引領／引领 (yǐnlǐng) (literary)
思 (literary, or in compounds)
想望 (xion² von³) (Jin)
承望 (chéngwàng)
指望 (zhǐwàng)
期冀 (qījì) (literary)
期待 (qīdài)
期望 (qīwàng)
渴望 (kěwàng)
盼 (pàn)
盼望 (pànwàng)
願／愿 (yuàn)
願意／愿意 (yuànyì)
鵠望／鹄望 (húwàng) (literary)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
夢	想
む Grade: 5	そう Grade: 3
on'yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) むそー [mùsóó] (Heiban – [0])^[1]
IPA^(key): [mɯ̟so̞ː]

Noun

夢(む)想(そう) • (musō)

dreaming, daydreaming
having an ambition

Verb

夢(む)想(そう)する • (musō suru) suru (stem 夢(む)想(そう)し (musō shi), past 夢(む)想(そう)した (musō shita))

to dream, to daydream
to have an ambition

Conjugation

Conjugation of "夢想する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	夢想し	むそうし	musō shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	夢想し	むそうし	musō shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	夢想する	むそうする	musō suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	夢想する	むそうする	musō suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	夢想すれ	むそうすれ	musō sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	夢想せよ¹ 夢想しろ²	むそうせよ¹ むそうしろ²	musō seyo¹ musō shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	夢想される	むそうされる	musō sareru
Causative	夢想させる夢想さす	むそうさせるむそうさす	musō saseru musō sasu
Potential	夢想できる	むそうできる	musō dekiru
Volitional	夢想しよう	むそうしよう	musō shiyō
Negative	夢想しない	むそうしない	musō shinai
Negative continuative	夢想せず	むそうせず	musō sezu
Formal	夢想します	むそうします	musō shimasu
Perfective	夢想した	むそうした	musō shita
Conjunctive	夢想して	むそうして	musō shite
Hypothetical conditional	夢想すれば	むそうすれば	musō sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
夢	想

Noun

夢想: Hán Việt readings: mộng tưởng^[1]

Nôm form of mộng tưởng (“fantastic dream”).

References

^ Nguyễn (1974).

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