侈

侈 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+6, 8 strokes, cangjie input 人弓戈弓 (ONIN), four-corner 2722₇, composition ⿰亻多)

• 𣔢 㢋

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 101, character 19
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 583
• Dae Jaweon: page 215, character 1
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 151, character 8
• Unihan data for U+4F88

Historical forms of the character 侈
Small seal script   s05845 Transcribed ancient scripts   L13357   L13358   L13354   L13355   L13356
References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l̥ʰjalʔ) : semantic 人 (“person”) + phonetic 多 (OC *ʔl'aːl).

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g(r/l)aːj (“scatter, sow, dispersedly widely; wide; star”) (STEDT, Schuessler, 2007).

• Inside Sinitic, cognate with 哆 (OC *ʔl'aːlʔ), 移 (OC *lal), 離 (OC *reːls, *rel, *rels) (STEDT), as well as 㢋 (Hill (2019));
• Outside Sinitic, cognate with Burmese ကျယ် (kyai, “wide”), Mizo tai (“scatter, disperse”), Northern Qiang [script needed] (ʁdʐə, “star”) (Mawo), Southern Qiang [Term?] (χdʐe³³pe⁵⁵, “star”) (Taoping), etc. (ibid.).

侈

1. extravagant; wasteful; excessive; luxurious

   • 二十四年，春，刻其桷，皆非禮也。御孫諫曰：「臣聞之：『儉，德之共也；侈，惡之大也。』先君有共德，而君納諸大惡，無乃不可乎？」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     二十四年，春，刻其桷，皆非礼也。御孙谏曰：「臣闻之：『俭，德之共也；侈，恶之大也。』先君有共德，而君纳诸大恶，无乃不可乎？」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Commentary of Zuo, c. 4^th century BCE, translation from Zuozhuan: Commentary on the "Spring and Autumn Annals" (2017), by Stephen Durrant, Wai-yee Li and David Schaberg

     Èrshísì nián, chūn, kè qí jué, jiē fēilǐ yě. Yùsūn jiàn yuē: “Chén wén zhī: ‘Jiǎn, dé zhī gòng yě; chǐ, è zhī dà yě.’ Xiānjūn yǒu gòngdé, ér jūn nà zhū dà'è, wú nǎi bùkě hū?” [Pinyin]

     In the twenty-fourth year, in spring, the square pillars were carved: in both cases, this was not in accordance with ritual propriety. Yusun remonstrated: “I have heard: ‘Frugality is the most revered of virtues; profligacy is the greatest of evils.’ Our former ruler had revered virtue, but you led him into this greatest of evils. How on earth could this not be totally wrong?”

   • 不侈於後世，不靡於萬物，不暉於數度，以繩墨自矯，而備世之急，古之道術有在於是者。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     不侈于后世，不靡于万物，不晖于数度，以绳墨自矫，而备世之急，古之道术有在于是者。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Zhuangzi, circa 3^rd – 2^nd centuries BCE

     Bùchǐ yú hòushì, bùmǐ yú wànwù, bùhuī yú shùdù, yǐ shéngmò zìjiǎo, ér bèi shì zhī jí, gǔ zhī dàoshù yǒu zài yúshì zhě. [Pinyin]

     To leave no example of extravagance to future generations; to show no wastefulness in the use of anything; to make no display in the degree of their (ceremonial) observances; to keep themselves (in their expenditure) under the restraint of strict and exact rule, so as to be prepared for occurring emergencies - such regulations formed part of the system of the Way in antiquity.

2. exaggerated; overstated

(Hyōgai kanji)

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• Go-on: し (shi)
• Kan-on: し (shi)
• Kun: おごる (ogoru, 侈る)

侈 (eum 치 (chi))

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侈: Hán Nôm readings: xỉ, ẩy, xảy, xí, đứa, xẩy, xi

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• Nom Foundation