ترس
Arabic
editEtymology 1
editFrom Ancient Greek θυρεός (thureós), ultimately the same source as etymology 2.
Noun
editتُرْس • (turs) m (plural تُرُوس (turūs) or أَتْراس (ʔatrās))
Declension
editSingular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | تُرْس turs |
التُّرْس at-turs |
تُرْس turs |
Nominative | تُرْسٌ tursun |
التُّرْسُ at-tursu |
تُرْسُ tursu |
Accusative | تُرْسًا tursan |
التُّرْسَ at-tursa |
تُرْسَ tursa |
Genitive | تُرْسٍ tursin |
التُّرْسِ at-tursi |
تُرْسِ tursi |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | تُرْسَيْن tursayn |
التُّرْسَيْن at-tursayn |
تُرْسَيْ tursay |
Nominative | تُرْسَانِ tursāni |
التُّرْسَانِ at-tursāni |
تُرْسَا tursā |
Accusative | تُرْسَيْنِ tursayni |
التُّرْسَيْنِ at-tursayni |
تُرْسَيْ tursay |
Genitive | تُرْسَيْنِ tursayni |
التُّرْسَيْنِ at-tursayni |
تُرْسَيْ tursay |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | تُرُوس; أَتْراس turūs; ʔatrās |
التُّرُوس; الْأَتْراس at-turūs; al-ʔatrās |
تُرُوس; أَتْراس turūs; ʔatrās |
Nominative | تُرُوسٌ; أَتْراسٌ turūsun; ʔatrāsun |
التُّرُوسُ; الْأَتْراسُ at-turūsu; al-ʔatrāsu |
تُرُوسُ; أَتْراسُ turūsu; ʔatrāsu |
Accusative | تُرُوسًا; أَتْراسًا turūsan; ʔatrāsan |
التُّرُوسَ; الْأَتْراسَ at-turūsa; al-ʔatrāsa |
تُرُوسَ; أَتْراسَ turūsa; ʔatrāsa |
Genitive | تُرُوسٍ; أَتْراسٍ turūsin; ʔatrāsin |
التُّرُوسِ; الْأَتْراسِ at-turūsi; al-ʔatrāsi |
تُرُوسِ; أَتْراسِ turūsi; ʔatrāsi |
Descendants
editVerb
editتَرَّسَ • (tarrasa) II (non-past يُتَرِّسُ (yutarrisu), verbal noun تَتْرِيس (tatrīs))
Conjugation
editverbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
تَتْرِيس tatrīs | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
مُتَرِّس mutarris | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
مُتَرَّس mutarras | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | تَرَّسْتُ tarrastu |
تَرَّسْتَ tarrasta |
تَرَّسَ tarrasa |
تَرَّسْتُمَا tarrastumā |
تَرَّسَا tarrasā |
تَرَّسْنَا tarrasnā |
تَرَّسْتُمْ tarrastum |
تَرَّسُوا tarrasū | |||
f | تَرَّسْتِ tarrasti |
تَرَّسَتْ tarrasat |
تَرَّسَتَا tarrasatā |
تَرَّسْتُنَّ tarrastunna |
تَرَّسْنَ tarrasna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | أُتَرِّسُ ʔutarrisu |
تُتَرِّسُ tutarrisu |
يُتَرِّسُ yutarrisu |
تُتَرِّسَانِ tutarrisāni |
يُتَرِّسَانِ yutarrisāni |
نُتَرِّسُ nutarrisu |
تُتَرِّسُونَ tutarrisūna |
يُتَرِّسُونَ yutarrisūna | |||
f | تُتَرِّسِينَ tutarrisīna |
تُتَرِّسُ tutarrisu |
تُتَرِّسَانِ tutarrisāni |
تُتَرِّسْنَ tutarrisna |
يُتَرِّسْنَ yutarrisna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أُتَرِّسَ ʔutarrisa |
تُتَرِّسَ tutarrisa |
يُتَرِّسَ yutarrisa |
تُتَرِّسَا tutarrisā |
يُتَرِّسَا yutarrisā |
نُتَرِّسَ nutarrisa |
تُتَرِّسُوا tutarrisū |
يُتَرِّسُوا yutarrisū | |||
f | تُتَرِّسِي tutarrisī |
تُتَرِّسَ tutarrisa |
تُتَرِّسَا tutarrisā |
تُتَرِّسْنَ tutarrisna |
يُتَرِّسْنَ yutarrisna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أُتَرِّسْ ʔutarris |
تُتَرِّسْ tutarris |
يُتَرِّسْ yutarris |
تُتَرِّسَا tutarrisā |
يُتَرِّسَا yutarrisā |
نُتَرِّسْ nutarris |
تُتَرِّسُوا tutarrisū |
يُتَرِّسُوا yutarrisū | |||
f | تُتَرِّسِي tutarrisī |
تُتَرِّسْ tutarris |
تُتَرِّسَا tutarrisā |
تُتَرِّسْنَ tutarrisna |
يُتَرِّسْنَ yutarrisna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | تَرِّسْ tarris |
تَرِّسَا tarrisā |
تَرِّسُوا tarrisū |
||||||||
f | تَرِّسِي tarrisī |
تَرِّسْنَ tarrisna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | تُرِّسْتُ turristu |
تُرِّسْتَ turrista |
تُرِّسَ turrisa |
تُرِّسْتُمَا turristumā |
تُرِّسَا turrisā |
تُرِّسْنَا turrisnā |
تُرِّسْتُمْ turristum |
تُرِّسُوا turrisū | |||
f | تُرِّسْتِ turristi |
تُرِّسَتْ turrisat |
تُرِّسَتَا turrisatā |
تُرِّسْتُنَّ turristunna |
تُرِّسْنَ turrisna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | أُتَرَّسُ ʔutarrasu |
تُتَرَّسُ tutarrasu |
يُتَرَّسُ yutarrasu |
تُتَرَّسَانِ tutarrasāni |
يُتَرَّسَانِ yutarrasāni |
نُتَرَّسُ nutarrasu |
تُتَرَّسُونَ tutarrasūna |
يُتَرَّسُونَ yutarrasūna | |||
f | تُتَرَّسِينَ tutarrasīna |
تُتَرَّسُ tutarrasu |
تُتَرَّسَانِ tutarrasāni |
تُتَرَّسْنَ tutarrasna |
يُتَرَّسْنَ yutarrasna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أُتَرَّسَ ʔutarrasa |
تُتَرَّسَ tutarrasa |
يُتَرَّسَ yutarrasa |
تُتَرَّسَا tutarrasā |
يُتَرَّسَا yutarrasā |
نُتَرَّسَ nutarrasa |
تُتَرَّسُوا tutarrasū |
يُتَرَّسُوا yutarrasū | |||
f | تُتَرَّسِي tutarrasī |
تُتَرَّسَ tutarrasa |
تُتَرَّسَا tutarrasā |
تُتَرَّسْنَ tutarrasna |
يُتَرَّسْنَ yutarrasna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أُتَرَّسْ ʔutarras |
تُتَرَّسْ tutarras |
يُتَرَّسْ yutarras |
تُتَرَّسَا tutarrasā |
يُتَرَّسَا yutarrasā |
نُتَرَّسْ nutarras |
تُتَرَّسُوا tutarrasū |
يُتَرَّسُوا yutarrasū | |||
f | تُتَرَّسِي tutarrasī |
تُتَرَّسْ tutarras |
تُتَرَّسَا tutarrasā |
تُتَرَّسْنَ tutarrasna |
يُتَرَّسْنَ yutarrasna |
Etymology 2
editAncient Greek θαιρός (thairós, “a pivot of a door or gate; mechanism to open a door”), from Ancient Greek θῠ́ρᾱ (thúrā, “door, entrance”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dʰwer-.
Noun
editتِرْس • (tirs) m (plural تُرُوس (turūs))
Declension
editSingular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | تِرْس tirs |
التِّرْس at-tirs |
تِرْس tirs |
Nominative | تِرْسٌ tirsun |
التِّرْسُ at-tirsu |
تِرْسُ tirsu |
Accusative | تِرْسًا tirsan |
التِّرْسَ at-tirsa |
تِرْسَ tirsa |
Genitive | تِرْسٍ tirsin |
التِّرْسِ at-tirsi |
تِرْسِ tirsi |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | تِرْسَيْن tirsayn |
التِّرْسَيْن at-tirsayn |
تِرْسَيْ tirsay |
Nominative | تِرْسَانِ tirsāni |
التِّرْسَانِ at-tirsāni |
تِرْسَا tirsā |
Accusative | تِرْسَيْنِ tirsayni |
التِّرْسَيْنِ at-tirsayni |
تِرْسَيْ tirsay |
Genitive | تِرْسَيْنِ tirsayni |
التِّرْسَيْنِ at-tirsayni |
تِرْسَيْ tirsay |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | تُرُوس turūs |
التُّرُوس at-turūs |
تُرُوس turūs |
Nominative | تُرُوسٌ turūsun |
التُّرُوسُ at-turūsu |
تُرُوسُ turūsu |
Accusative | تُرُوسًا turūsan |
التُّرُوسَ at-turūsa |
تُرُوسَ turūsa |
Genitive | تُرُوسٍ turūsin |
التُّرُوسِ at-turūsi |
تُرُوسِ turūsi |
References
edit- Freytag, Georg (1833) “ترس”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum[1] (in Latin), volume 2, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 24
- Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “ترس”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart[2] (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 138
Ottoman Turkish
editEtymology 1
editCognate to Azerbaijani tərs, which see for more.
Noun
editترس • (ters)
Adjective
editترس • (ters)
Descendants
edit- Armenian: թարս (tʻars)
- Turkish: ters
- → North Levantine Arabic: ترس (tars, “the reverse, in a countrary manner”)
- → Northern Kurdish: ters (“bent, crooked, skewed”)
Etymology 2
editFrom Northern Kurdish teres (“coward”), possibly from Persian ترسا (tarsâ, “Christian”).
Noun
editترس • (teres)
Descendants
edit- Turkish: teres
Etymology 3
edit
From Arabic تُرْس (turs), from Ancient Greek θυρεός (thureós).
Noun
editترس • (türs) (plural اتراس (etras), plural تروس (türüs))
Etymology 4
editNoun
editترس • (ters)
References
edit- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “ترس”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum[3], Vienna, column 1149
- Zenker, Julius Theodor (1866) “ترس”, in Türkisch-arabisch-persisches Handwörterbuch, volume 1 (overall work in German and French), Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann, page 278
Persian
editEtymology 1
editInherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *trāsás, from Proto-Indo-European *tros-ó-s (“fear, dread”), from *tres- (“to tremble (with fear)”). Compare Sanskrit त्रास (trāsa).
Pronunciation
edit- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [ˈtaɾs]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [t̪ʰǽɹs]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [t̪ʰǽɹs]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | tars |
Dari reading? | tars |
Iranian reading? | tars |
Tajik reading? | tars |
Noun
editترس • (tars)
Synonyms
editRelated terms
edit- ترسیدن (tarsidan)
Etymology 2
editBorrowed from Arabic تُرْس (turs, “shield”), from Ancient Greek θυρεός (thureós).
Noun
editترس • (tors)
South Levantine Arabic
editEtymology
editNoun
editSouthwestern Fars
editNoun
editترس (ters)
Urdu
editEtymology
editInherited from Sanskrit [Term?], from the root तृष् (tṛṣ), ultimately derived from Proto-Indo-European *ters-.
Pronunciation
edit- (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /t̪ə.ɾəs/
- Rhymes: -əs
Noun
editتَرَس • (taras) m (Hindi spelling तरस)
Declension
editDeclension of ترس | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||||||
direct | ترس (taras) | ترس (taras) | ||||||
oblique | ترس (taras) | ترسوں (tarasõ) | ||||||
vocative | ترس (taras) | ترسو (taraso) |
Derived terms
edit- ترس کھانا (taras khānā, “to have, feel pity”)
- ترسنا (tarasnā, “to long for”)
- ترس جانا (taras jānā, “to be left yearning for”)
References
edit- Arabic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Arabic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰwer-
- Arabic terms borrowed from Ancient Greek
- Arabic terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Arabic lemmas
- Arabic nouns
- Arabic masculine nouns
- Arabic nouns with basic triptote singular
- Arabic nouns with broken plural
- Arabic nouns with basic triptote broken plural
- Arabic verbs
- Arabic form-II verbs
- Arabic sound form-II verbs
- Arabic verbs with full passive
- ar:Flatfish
- ar:Armor
- Ottoman Turkish lemmas
- Ottoman Turkish nouns
- Ottoman Turkish adjectives
- Ottoman Turkish terms borrowed from Northern Kurdish
- Ottoman Turkish terms derived from Northern Kurdish
- Ottoman Turkish terms derived from Persian
- Ottoman Turkish doublets
- Ottoman Turkish terms borrowed from Arabic
- Ottoman Turkish terms derived from Arabic
- Ottoman Turkish terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Ottoman Turkish terms borrowed from Persian
- ota:Feces
- ota:Armor
- ota:Occupations
- ota:Prostitution
- ota:Fear
- Persian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Persian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Persian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Persian terms with audio pronunciation
- Persian lemmas
- Persian nouns
- Persian terms borrowed from Arabic
- Persian terms derived from Arabic
- Persian terms derived from Ancient Greek
- fa:Armor
- fa:Fear
- South Levantine Arabic terms inherited from Arabic
- South Levantine Arabic terms derived from Arabic
- South Levantine Arabic lemmas
- South Levantine Arabic nouns
- South Levantine Arabic masculine nouns
- Southwestern Fars lemmas
- Southwestern Fars nouns
- fay:Fear
- Urdu terms derived from Sanskrit
- Urdu terms derived from the Sanskrit root तृष्
- Urdu terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Urdu terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ters-
- Urdu terms inherited from Sanskrit
- Urdu terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Urdu terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Urdu/əs
- Rhymes:Urdu/əs/2 syllables
- Urdu lemmas
- Urdu nouns
- Urdu masculine nouns
- Urdu terms with usage examples
- Urdu nouns with declension
- Urdu masculine consonant-stem nouns