τρίβω
Ancient Greek
editEtymology
editUltimately from Proto-Indo-European *terh₁- (“to rub”). Cognate with Latin tero.
This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.
Pronunciation
edit- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /trǐː.bɔː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈtri.bo/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈtri.βo/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈtri.vo/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈtri.vo/
Verb
editτρῑ́βω • (trī́bō)
Inflection
edit Present: τρῑ́βω, τρῑ́βομαι
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἔτρῑβον | ἔτρῑβες | ἔτρῑβε(ν) | ἐτρῑ́βετον | ἐτρῑβέτην | ἐτρῑ́βομεν | ἐτρῑ́βετε | ἔτρῑβον | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ἐτρῑβόμην | ἐτρῑ́βου | ἐτρῑ́βετο | ἐτρῑ́βεσθον | ἐτρῑβέσθην | ἐτρῑβόμεθᾰ | ἐτρῑ́βεσθε | ἐτρῑ́βοντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | τρῑ́ψω | τρῑ́ψεις | τρῑ́ψει | τρῑ́ψετον | τρῑ́ψετον | τρῑ́ψομεν | τρῑ́ψετε | τρῑ́ψουσῐ(ν) | ||||
optative | τρῑ́ψοιμῐ | τρῑ́ψοις | τρῑ́ψοι | τρῑ́ψοιτον | τρῑψοίτην | τρῑ́ψοιμεν | τρῑ́ψοιτε | τρῑ́ψοιεν | |||||
middle | indicative | τρῑ́ψομαι | τρῑ́ψῃ, τρῑ́ψει |
τρῑ́ψεται | τρῑ́ψεσθον | τρῑ́ψεσθον | τρῑψόμεθᾰ | τρῑ́ψεσθε | τρῑ́ψονται | ||||
optative | τρῑψοίμην | τρῑ́ψοιο | τρῑ́ψοιτο | τρῑ́ψοισθον | τρῑψοίσθην | τρῑψοίμεθᾰ | τρῑ́ψοισθε | τρῑ́ψοιντο | |||||
active | middle | ||||||||||||
infinitive | τρῑ́ψειν | τρῑ́ψεσθαι | |||||||||||
participle | m | τρῑ́ψων | τρῑψόμενος | ||||||||||
f | τρῑ́ψουσᾰ | τρῑψομένη | |||||||||||
n | τρῖψον | τρῑψόμενον | |||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Aorist: ἔτρῑψᾰ, ἐτρῑψᾰ́μην
Aorist: ἐτρῐ́βην
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
passive | indicative | ἐτρῐ́βην | ἐτρῐ́βης | ἐτρῐ́βη | ἐτρῐ́βητον | ἐτρῐβήτην | ἐτρῐ́βημεν | ἐτρῐ́βητε | ἐτρῐ́βησᾰν | ||||
subjunctive | τρῐβῶ | τρῐβῇς | τρῐβῇ | τρῐβῆτον | τρῐβῆτον | τρῐβῶμεν | τρῐβῆτε | τρῐβῶσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | τρῐβείην | τρῐβείης | τρῐβείη | τρῐβεῖτον, τρῐβείητον |
τρῐβείτην, τρῐβειήτην |
τρῐβεῖμεν, τρῐβείημεν |
τρῐβεῖτε, τρῐβείητε |
τρῐβεῖεν, τρῐβείησᾰν | |||||
imperative | τρῐ́βηθῐ | τρῐβήτω | τρῐ́βητον | τρῐβήτων | τρῐ́βητε | τρῐβέντων | |||||||
passive | |||||||||||||
infinitive | τρῐβῆναι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | τρῐβείς | |||||||||||
f | τρῐβεῖσᾰ | ||||||||||||
n | τρῐβέν | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Aorist: ἐτρῑ́φθην
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
passive | indicative | ἐτρῑ́φθην | ἐτρῑ́φθης | ἐτρῑ́φθη | ἐτρῑ́φθητον | ἐτρῑφθήτην | ἐτρῑ́φθημεν | ἐτρῑ́φθητε | ἐτρῑ́φθησᾰν | ||||
subjunctive | τρῑφθῶ | τρῑφθῇς | τρῑφθῇ | τρῑφθῆτον | τρῑφθῆτον | τρῑφθῶμεν | τρῑφθῆτε | τρῑφθῶσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | τρῑφθείην | τρῑφθείης | τρῑφθείη | τρῑφθεῖτον, τρῑφθείητον |
τρῑφθείτην, τρῑφθειήτην |
τρῑφθεῖμεν, τρῑφθείημεν |
τρῑφθεῖτε, τρῑφθείητε |
τρῑφθεῖεν, τρῑφθείησᾰν | |||||
imperative | τρῑ́φθητῐ | τρῑφθήτω | τρῑ́φθητον | τρῑφθήτων | τρῑ́φθητε | τρῑφθέντων | |||||||
passive | |||||||||||||
infinitive | τρῑφθῆναι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | τρῑφθείς | |||||||||||
f | τρῑφθεῖσᾰ | ||||||||||||
n | τρῑφθέν | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Pluperfect: ἐτετρῐ́φειν, ἐτετρῐ́μμην
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἐτετρῐ́φειν, ἐτετρῐ́φη |
ἐτετρῐ́φεις, ἐτετρῐ́φης |
ἐτετρῐ́φει(ν) | ἐτετρῐ́φετον | ἐτετρῐφέτην | ἐτετρῐ́φεμεν | ἐτετρῐ́φετε | ἐτετρῐ́φεσᾰν | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ἐτετρῐ́μμην | ἐτέτρῐψο | ἐτέτρῐπτο | ἐτέτρῐφθον | ἐτετρῐ́φθην | ἐτετρῐ́μμεθᾰ | ἐτέτρῐφθε | ἐτετρῐ́βᾰτο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Derived terms
editDescendants
edit- Greek: τρίβω (trívo, “to rub, to grate”)
References
edit- “τρίβω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “τρίβω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “τρίβω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- τρίβω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- τρίβω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
Greek
editEtymology
editFrom Ancient Greek τρίβω (tríbō).
Pronunciation
editVerb
editτρίβω • (trívo) (past έτριψα, passive τρίβομαι)
Conjugation
editτρίβω τρίβομαι
Active voice ➤ | Passive voice ➤ | |||
Indicative mood ➤ | Imperfective aspect ➤ | Perfective aspect ➤ | Imperfective aspect | Perfective aspect |
Non-past tenses ➤ | Present ➤ | Dependent ➤ | Present | Dependent |
1 sg | τρίβω | τρίψω | τρίβομαι | τριφτώ |
2 sg | τρίβεις | τρίψεις | τρίβεσαι | τριφτείς |
3 sg | τρίβει | τρίψει | τρίβεται | τριφτεί |
1 pl | τρίβουμε, [‑ομε] | τρίψουμε, [‑ομε] | τριβόμαστε | τριφτούμε |
2 pl | τρίβετε | τρίψετε | τρίβεστε, τριβόσαστε | τριφτείτε |
3 pl | τρίβουν(ε) | τρίψουν(ε) | τρίβονται | τριφτούν(ε) |
Past tenses ➤ | Imperfect ➤ | Simple past ➤ | Imperfect | Simple past |
1 sg | έτριβα | έτριψα | τριβόμουν(α) | τρίφτηκα |
2 sg | έτριβες | έτριψες | τριβόσουν(α) | τρίφτηκες |
3 sg | έτριβε | έτριψε | τριβόταν(ε) | τρίφτηκε |
1 pl | τρίβαμε | τρίψαμε | τριβόμασταν, (‑όμαστε) | τριφτήκαμε |
2 pl | τρίβατε | τρίψατε | τριβόσασταν, (‑όσαστε) | τριφτήκατε |
3 pl | έτριβαν, τρίβαν(ε) | έτριψαν, τρίψαν(ε) | τρίβονταν, (τριβόντουσαν) | τρίφτηκαν, τριφτήκαν(ε) |
Future tenses ➤ | Continuous ➤ | Simple ➤ | Continuous | Simple |
1 sg | θα τρίβω ➤ | θα τρίψω ➤ | θα τρίβομαι ➤ | θα τριφτώ ➤ |
2,3 sg, 1,2,3 pl | θα τρίβεις, … | θα τρίψεις, … | θα τρίβεσαι, … | θα τριφτείς, … |
Perfect aspect ➤ | Perfect aspect | |||
Present perfect ➤ | έχω, έχεις, … τρίψει έχω, έχεις, … τριμμένο, ‑η, ‑ο ➤ |
έχω, έχεις, … τριφτεί είμαι, είσαι, … τριμμένος, ‑η, ‑ο ➤ | ||
Past perfect ➤ | είχα, είχες, … τρίψει είχα, είχες, … τριμμένο, ‑η, ‑ο |
είχα, είχες, … τριφτεί ήμουν, ήσουν, … τριμμένος, ‑η, ‑ο | ||
Future perfect ➤ | θα έχω, θα έχεις, … τρίψει θα έχω, θα έχεις, … τριμμένο, ‑η, ‑ο |
θα έχω, θα έχεις, … τριφτεί θα είμαι, θα είσαι, … τριμμένος, ‑η, ‑ο | ||
Subjunctive mood ➤ | Formed using present, dependent (for simple past) or present perfect from above with a particle (να, ας). | |||
Imperative mood ➤ | Imperfective aspect | Perfective aspect | Imperfective aspect | Perfective aspect |
2 sg | τρίβε | τρίψε, τρίφ' 1 | — | τρίψου |
2 pl | τρίβετε | τρίψτε, τρίφτε2 | τρίβεστε | τριφτείτε |
Other forms | Active voice | Passive voice | ||
Present participle➤ | τρίβοντας ➤ | — | ||
Perfect participle➤ | έχοντας τρίψει ➤ | τριμμένος, ‑η, ‑o {τετριμμένος, ‑η, ‑o}3 ➤ | ||
Nonfinite form➤ | τρίψει | τριφτεί | ||
Notes Appendix:Greek verbs |
1. Colloquial apocopic perfective imperative + accusative of article & noun or weak pronouns e.g. τρίφ' το ("rub it!") 2. Colloquial. 3. Passive perfect participles: τριμμένος (“grated”) and the formal ancient τετριμμένος (“commonplace”) with reduplication "τ+ε‑τ-". • (…) optional or informal. […] rare. {…} learned, archaic. • Multiple forms are shown in order of reducing frequency. • Periphrastic imperative forms may be produced using the subjunctive. | |||
Synonyms
edit- (grate, rub): ξύνω (xýno)
Derived terms
edit- τριμμένος (trimménos, “grated”, participle)
- τετριμμένος (tetrimménos, “commonplace, overused”, participle with reduplication) (formal, figurative sense) from Ancient Greek
Related terms
edit- ασύντριπτος (asýntriptos, “uncrushed, invincible”), ασύντριφτος
- άτριφτος (átriftos, “not grated, not worn out”)
- διατριβή f (diatriví, “treatise”)
- εκτριπτικός (ektriptikós) (chemistry)
- ελαιοτριβείο n (elaiotriveío)
- ενδιατρίβω (endiatrívo, “to be constantly at a certain place”)
- εντριβή f (entriví, “rubbing of skin”)
- κατατρίβομαι (katatrívomai, “to exhaust oneself with details”)
- λιθοτριψία f (lithotripsía, “lithotripsy”) (medical)
- λιοτριβειό n (liotriveió, “oil refinery”) (colloquial)
- λιοτρίβι n (liotrívi, “oil refinery”) (colloquial)
- νεροτριβή f (nerotriví, “processing textiles in water, place with water”)
- παιδοτρίβης m (paidotrívis, “teacher of athletics in ancient Greece”)
- προστριβή f (prostriví, “friction”)
- προστριβόμενος (prostrivómenos, “affricate”) (phonetics)
- συντετριμμένος (syntetrimménos, “devasted”, participle)
- συντριβή f (syntriví, “a crush, smash”)
- συντρίβω (syntrívo, “to crush, devastate”)
- σύντριμμα n (sýntrimma, “crushed material, usually stones”)
- συντριμμένος (syntrimménos, “crushed”, participle)
- συντρίμμι n (syntrímmi, “wreckage, debris”)
- συντριπτικός (syntriptikós, “crushing, overwhelming”)
- τετριμμένος (tetrimménos, “commonplace, overused”, participle with reduplication) (formal, figurative sense)
- τριβέας n (trivéas) (engineering, part of machine)
- τριβείο n (triveío, “machine for rubbing”)
- τριβή f (triví, “rubbing”)
- τρίμμα n (trímma, “small piece produced by rubbing”)
- τρίφτης m (tríftis, “grater”)
- τριψάνα f (tripsána, “food with pieces of bread in milk or soup”) (rare)
- τρίψιμο n (trípsimo, “the rubbing”)
- τυροτρίφτης m (tyrotríftis, “cheese grater”)
- φαρμακοτρίφτης m (farmakotríftis, “pharmacist”) (colloquial, derogatory)
- χρονοτριβή f (chronotriví, “lingering”)
- χρονοτριβώ (chronotrivó, “to linger”)
See also
editCategories:
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Ancient Greek terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *terh₁-
- Ancient Greek 2-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek verbs
- Ancient Greek paroxytone terms
- Greek terms inherited from Ancient Greek
- Greek terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Greek lemmas
- Greek verbs
- el:Cooking
- Greek terms with usage examples
- Greek verbs conjugating like 'σκάβω'