Donna Anna Victoria Davia-Montecuculi (20 June 1655 – 13 April 1703), known as the Countess of Almond from 1689, was a Modenese noblewoman, courtier and companion of Mary of Modena during her time as Queen of England, Scotland and Ireland, and later during her exile in France.
Anna Victoria Davia-Montecuculi | |
|---|---|
| Countess of Almond | |
 The Countess of Almond | |
| Born | 20 June 1655 Modena, Duchy of Modena and Reggio |
| Died | 13 April 1703 (aged 47)v Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Kingdom of France |
| Spouse(s) | Virgilio Giuseppe Davia (m.1672) |
| Father | Giovanni Battista Montecuccoli-Laderchi |
| Occupation | Courtier |
Early life
editBorn Maria Vittoria Luigia Sigismonda Montecuccoli-Laderchi, she was the daughter of Giovanni Battista Montecuccoli-Laderchi, 2nd Marquis of Guiglia.[1] As a child she was chosen by Duchess consort Laura Martinozzi as her lady-in-waiting, and then as a lady in waiting to her daughter, Maria d'Este (Mary of Modena), the future wife of James, Duke of York. In 1672 Victoria married Virgilio Giuseppe Davia, a Senator of Bologna, and moved with him to that city.[2]
Courtier in England
editIn September 1673, Victoria and her husband travelled to Modena to "attest obsequious affection" to Mary prior to her departure to England.
During the Exclusion Crisis, Victoria and Virgilio moved to Brussels to attend on Mary during James' temporary exile from England. Victoria was also with the royal couple in Edinburgh in 1684 while James was serving as Lord High Commissioner to the Parliament of Scotland, but she had returned to Modena by the time of James' accession to the throne in February 1685.
The new Queen recalled Victoria to her service and she travelled to the royal court in London later in 1685 with her brother, Raimondo, 3rd Marquis of Guiglia.[3]
Courtier in France
editOn 9 December 1688 she accompanied Queen Mary and the infant Prince of Wales in their escape from London during the Glorious Revolution. Under the arrangements of Antoine Nompar de Caumont, Victoria disguised herself to avoid recognition and escaped to France, joining the exiled Stuart court at Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye. She was rewarded for her loyalty to the Queen when James II created her Countess of Almond in the Jacobite peerage on 13 January 1689.[4]
Victoria's presence at the French court was disliked by many of Louis XIV's courtiers, owing to her family's loyalty to France's rivals, the Habsburg monarchy. Queen Mary, however, insisted that Victoria remain in her household. The French diplomat François Pidou de Saint Olon was charged with keeping Victoria under observation whenever she was visited by Italians.
In 1692, her son, Giovanni Battista Davia, had left to serve as adjutant-general to his uncle, the Austrian field marshal Aeneas de Caprara. He was captured by the forces of Mustafa II and imprisoned in Constantinople. Victoria attempted to secure French support for his release through Madame de Maintenon, but this did not come to fruition. Eventually, Victoria appealed directly to the Sultan, who released Giovanni after four years imprisonment.[5] However, he died in December 1696.
On 12 April 1698, Victoria's husband was made Earl of Almond, Viscount of Moneydie and Lord Davia in the Jacobite peerage of Scotland, in recognition of Victoria's continued service.[6] Victoria was a witness to the death of James II on 16 September 1701 at Saint-Germain-en-Laye. She died after a brief illness in 1703, after which the Queen entered a period of prolonged mourning.
References
edit- ^ Milena Ricci, “Testimonianze su Maria Beatrice d’Este, regina d’Inghilterra, nella raccolta Molza Viti della Biblioteca Estense Universitaria”, in “Quaderni Estensi, V (2013)”, p.292.
- ^ [1] Giovanni Antonio Davia nel “Dizionario biografico degli italiani”.
- ^ Giovanni De Castro, “Fulvio Testi e le corti italiane nella prima metà del XVII secolo con documenti inediti” (Natale Battezzati editore, Milano, 1875) p.265.
- ^ Marquis of Ruvigny, The Jacobite Peerage, Baronetage, Knightage and Grants of Honour (T. C. & E. C. Jack, 1904), p.7.
- ^ Carolina Bonafede, “Cenni biografici e ritratti d’insigni donne bolognesi raccolti dagli storici più accreditati” (Tipografia Salsi nelle Spaderie, Bologna, 1845).
- ^ Marquis of Ruvigny, The Jacobite Peerage, Baronetage, Knightage and Grants of Honour (T. C. & E. C. Jack, 1904), p.8.