Turanian is a term that has been used in reference to diverse groups of people. It has had currency in Turanism, Pan-Turkism, and historic Turkish nationalism.
Many of the uses of the word are obsolete. It may refer to:
- An Iranic ethnic group mentioned in the Avesta
- See Turanian (Avesta)
- See Turan
- The Turkic peoples and Turkic countries
- The Turanid race
- Any historical people of Transoxiana or present-day Turkestan
- Obsolete term for any historical people speaking languages of the obsolete Ural–Altaic family, in particular:
- The Huns
- Finno-Ugric peoples like the Finns, Estonians and Hungarians