Merlyn Merlyn-Rees, Baron Merlyn-Rees, PC (né Merlyn Rees; 18 December 1920 – 5 January 2006) was a British Labour Party politician and Member of Parliament from 1963 until 1992. He served as Secretary of State for Northern Ireland (1974–1976) and Home Secretary (1976–1979).
The Lord Merlyn-Rees | |
|---|---|
 Merlyn Rees on After Dark in 1988 | |
| Shadow Secretary of State for Energy | |
| In office 4 November 1980 – 24 November 1982 | |
| Leader | Michael Foot |
| Preceded by | David Owen |
| Succeeded by | John Smith |
| Shadow Home Secretary | |
| In office 4 May 1979 – 4 November 1980 | |
| Leader | James Callaghan |
| Preceded by | William Whitelaw |
| Succeeded by | Roy Hattersley |
| Home Secretary | |
| In office 10 September 1976 – 4 May 1979 | |
| Prime Minister | James Callaghan |
| Preceded by | Roy Jenkins |
| Succeeded by | William Whitelaw |
| Secretary of State for Northern Ireland | |
| In office 5 March 1974 – 10 September 1976 | |
| Prime Minister | |
| Preceded by | Francis Pym |
| Succeeded by | Roy Mason |
| Shadow Secretary of State for Northern Ireland | |
| In office 24 March 1972 – 4 March 1974 | |
| Leader | Harold Wilson |
| Preceded by | Position established |
| Succeeded by | Francis Pym |
| Member of Parliament for Morley and Leeds South (Leeds South 1963–1983) | |
| In office 20 June 1963 – 16 March 1992 | |
| Preceded by | Hugh Gaitskell |
| Succeeded by | John Gunnell |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Merlyn Rees 18 December 1920 Cilfynydd, Wales |
| Died | 5 January 2006 (aged 85) London, England |
| Nationality | British |
| Political party | Labour |
| Spouse |
Colleen Cleverly (m. 1949) |
| Children | 3 |
| Alma mater | |
Early life
editRees was born in Cilfynydd, near Pontypridd, Glamorgan, the son of Levi Rees, a war veteran who moved from Wales to England to find work.[1] He was educated at Harrow Weald Grammar School, Harrow, England and Goldsmiths College, London where he was president of the students' union. Goldsmiths was evacuated to Nottingham University early in the war, where Rees served in Nottingham University Air Squadron.[2]
In 1941 Rees joined the Royal Air Force, becoming a squadron leader and earning the nickname "Dagwood". He served in Italy as operations and intelligence officer to No 324 Squadron under Group Captain W. G. G. Duncan Smith (father of the future Conservative leader).[3] One of Rees's Spitfire pilots in Italy, Frank Cooper, became his Permanent Secretary at the Northern Ireland Office.[3]
After the war, Rees declined a permanent commission in the RAF, and instead attended the London School of Economics where he received BSc(Econ) and MSc(Econ).[3] He was appointed schoolmaster at his old school in Harrow in 1949, teaching economics and history.[3] He taught for eleven years, during which time he was three times an unsuccessful parliamentary candidate for Harrow East, in 1955, 1959, and in a 1959 by-election.[3] He was a member of the Institute of Education at the University of London from 1960 to 1962.[3]
Member of Parliament
editAt a by-election in 1963, Rees stood as the Labour candidate for Leeds South and succeeded Labour leader Hugh Gaitskell, who had died in office.[3] (The constituency was renamed Morley and Leeds South in 1983.) He held the seat until he stepped down from the House of Commons at the 1992 general election.[3]
In 1965 Rees became Parliamentary Under-Secretary at the Ministry of Defence, with responsibility for the army (1965–1966) and later for the Royal Air Force (1966–1968). Denis Healey, who was then Secretary of State for Defence, had served with Rees in the Italian campaign.[4][5] Rees was Parliamentary Under-Secretary at the Home Office, where James Callaghan was Home Secretary, from November 1968 until the June 1970 general election.[4]
In October 1971 Rees became Labour Party spokesman on Northern Ireland.[5] When the Labour government returned to office in March 1974, he was appointed Secretary of State for Northern Ireland. One month after Rees's appointment, he lifted the proscription against the illegal loyalist paramilitary organisation, the Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF) to bring them into the democratic process.[6] The UVF was implicated in the 17 May 1974 Dublin and Monaghan bombings and the group was banned again by the British Government on 3 October 1975. Rees' decision to permit the Sunningdale power sharing arrangements to collapse in Northern Ireland was described as 'supine' by former SDLP leader, Seamus Mallon.[7][8] Rees was almost assassinated by the IRA in July 1976. He was to travel to the Republic to consult with the Ambassador Christopher Ewart-Biggs and Irish ministers but postponed his trip after Margaret Thatcher refused to allow Northern Ireland ministers to pair their votes in House of Commons divisions. Rees wrote later that it seemed likely the IRA had known of his impending visit but were unaware of its cancellation. Ewart-Biggs and FCO official Judith Cooke died in a landmine explosion.[9]
Rees later wrote of his experiences in Northern Ireland in Northern Ireland: a Personal Perspective.[10][11] In September 1976 Rees was appointed Home Secretary and remained in that post until Labour's defeat in the 1979 UK elections.[1]
Retirement
editWhen Rees retired from the House of Commons in 1992, he was created a life peer as Baron Merlyn-Rees, of Morley and South Leeds in the County of West Yorkshire and of Cilfynydd in the County of Mid Glamorgan and entered the House of Lords, having changed his name, on 23 June 1992, by deed poll to Merlyn Merlyn-Rees to allow his title to be Merlyn-Rees rather than Rees.[12][13][14] Rees was president of the Video Standards Council from 1990 and was the first Chancellor of the University of Glamorgan, a position he held from 1994 to 2002.[15]
Personal life and death
editIn 1949, Rees married Colleen Cleveley, and they had three sons.[3] Rees suffered injuries in a number of falls in his last years. In late 2005, a fall at his home in Southwark caused him to lapse into a coma, from which he never emerged; he died at St Thomas's Hospital on 5 January 2006, at the age of 85.[16]
Legacy
editMerlyn Rees Avenue in Morley, West Yorkshire is named after Rees. Merlyn Rees Community High School in Belle Isle, Leeds was named after Rees until its merger with Mathew Murray Comprehensive School in 2006 when it was renamed South Leeds High School.
References
edit- ^ a b Edward Pearce (5 January 2006). "Lord Merlyn-Rees". The Guardian. Retrieved 9 December 2019.
- ^ ""Your Online Guide to Yorkshire People"". Wakefieldtoday.co.uk. 2004. Archived from the original on 21 December 2004.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Richard, Ivor (2010). "Rees, Merlyn Merlyn-, Baron Merlyn-Rees (1920–2006), politician". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/97033. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
- ^ a b "Merlyn Rees – Parliamentary career". UK Parliament.
- ^ a b "Rees, Merlyn". Dictionary of Irish Biography.
- ^ Taylor, Peter (1999). Loyalists. London: Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, p. 124.
- ^ Mallon, Seamus (4 August 2020). "Seamus Mallon: I saw John Hume's raw courage as he faced bloodthirsty Paras". Irish Times.
- ^ "Belfast years remembered for vacillation in face of loyalist strike" (5 January 2006). The Irish Times, p. 14.
- ^ "MEMORIAL SERVICE FOR CHRISTOPHER EWART-BIGGS, BRITISH AMBASSADOR TO THE REPUBLIC OF IRELAND, 1976". London: Foreign and Commonwealth Office. 19 July 2001.
- ^ Rees, Merlyn (23 July 1985). Northern Ireland: A Personal Perspective. Methuen. ISBN 9780413525901 – via Google Books.
- ^ London: Methuen, 1985. ISBN 0-413-52590-2
- ^ "No. 52982". The London Gazette. 6 July 1992. p. 11339.
- ^ "No. 52985". The London Gazette. 8 July 1992. p. 11569.
- ^ "Obituary: Lord Merlyn-Rees". BBC News. 5 January 2006. Retrieved 16 February 2019.
- ^ "Peer's roots in 'gifted' street". BBC News. 5 January 2006.
- ^ "Merlyn Rees dies aged 85". The Guardian. 5 January 2006. Retrieved 14 May 2022.
Reading
edit- Merlyn Rees, "Northern Ireland: a personal perspective", London: Methuen, 1985.