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Llanberis

Llanberis (Welsh: [ɬanˈbɛrɪs] ⓘ) is a village, community and electoral ward in Gwynedd, northwest Wales, on the southern bank of the lake Llyn Padarn and at the foot of Snowdon,[2] the highest mountain in Wales. It is a centre for outdoor activities in Snowdonia, including walking, mountaineering, climbing, mountain biking and pony trekking, as well as water sports such as scuba diving. The community includes Nant Peris.

Llanberis
Llanberis seen from the bottom of Llanberis Path at the base of Snowdon
Llanberis is located in Gwynedd
Llanberis
Llanberis
Location within Gwynedd
Population2,026 (2011)[1]
OS grid referenceSH572602
Community
  • Llanberis
Principal area
Preserved county
CountryWales
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
Post townCAERNARFON
Postcode districtLL55
Dialling code01286
PoliceNorth Wales
FireNorth Wales
AmbulanceWelsh
UK Parliament
Senedd Cymru – Welsh Parliament
List of places
UK
Wales
Gwynedd
53°07′08″N 4°07′52″W / 53.119°N 4.131°W / 53.119; -4.131

Llanberis takes its name from Saint Peris, an early Welsh saint.[3] It is twinned with the Italian town of Morbegno in Lombardy.

History

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See also: Notable people from Llanberis

The ruins of Dolbadarn Castle, which were painted by Richard Wilson and J. M. W. Turner, stand above the village. The 13th century fortress was built by Llywelyn the Great and is a grade I listed building.[4]

The church of St Padarn is grade II* listed, as is the chapel of Capel Coch.[5]

In the 18th century Llanberis was the home of the legendary strong woman Marged ferch Ifan.[6]

Demographics

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The population of Llanberis in 2021 was 2,023.[7]

Languages

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According to the United Kingdom Census 2021, 69.5 per cent of all usual residents aged 3+ in Llanberis can speak Welsh.[8] 79.6 per cent of the population noted that they could speak, read, write or understand Welsh.[9] The 2011 census noted 74.7 per cent of all usual residents aged 3 years and older in the village could speak Welsh.[8]

As of October 2018, approximately 56 per cent of pupils in the village's primary school (Ysgol Dolbadarn) spoke Welsh at home.[10]

Country of birth

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The 2021 Census noted that 96.6 per cent of Llanberis' population was born in the United Kingdom.[11] The 2011 Census noted that 97.2 per cent of the population was born in the United Kingdom; 73.6 per cent of the population was born in Wales and 22.4 per cent of the population born in England.[12]

Identity

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According to the 2011 Census, 67.4 per cent of the population noted that they had Welsh-only national identity, with 26.1 per cent noting that they had no Welsh national identity at all.[13] According to the 2021 Census, 64.8 per cent of the population noted that they had Welsh-only national identity.

Local attractions

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Places of interest in and near the village include the Snowdon Mountain Railway, the National Slate Museum, the Llanberis Lake Railway, Llyn Padarn country park and Electric Mountain. Tours of Dinorwig Power Station are also available from a purpose-built visitor centre.[14]

The village is a common starting point for ascents of Snowdon along the Llanberis Path. Although it is the longest route, it is the least strenuous ascent, largely following the line of the Snowdon Mountain Railway.[15] This makes it the most popular walking route on the mountain.[16]

Dolbadarn Castle, a fortification built by the Welsh prince Llywelyn the Great during the early 13th century, is located at the base of the Llanberis Pass. The castle was important militarily and as a symbol of Llywelyn's power and authority. It features a large stone keep, which historian Richard Avent considers "the finest surviving example of a Welsh round tower".[17] In 1284 Dolbadarn was taken by Edward I of England, who removed some of its timbers to build his new castle at Caernarfon. Dolbadarn was used as a manor house for some years, before falling into ruin. In the 18th and 19th century it was a popular destination for painters interested in Sublime and Picturesque landscapes. It is now owned by Cadw and managed as a tourist attraction, and is protected as a grade I listed building.

Llanberis Mountain Rescue Team deals with 150–200 incidents a year.[18]

Llanberis Mountain Film Festival, which is held in annually in February, began in 2004.[19] It was placed on hiatus in 2019 due to a lack of funding.[20]

It is the home of the Slateman Triathlon which runs in early summer each year. It attracts over 2,000 triathletes and many more spectators over two days. It is a mountain triathlon which begins in Llyn Padarn, follows on the bike up to Capel Curig, and finishes with a run in the Snowdonian mountains.[21] It is also the start and finish of the Snowdonia Marathon.[22]

Transport

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Llanberis Lake Railway
Legend
 
Padarn Railway
 
 Pen-y-Llyn
(PR)
 
 Penllyn
 
passing loop
 
 Cei Llydan
 
 Gilfach Ddu
(PR)
 
 Gilfach Ddu
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dinorwic quarry
 
Afon Rhythallt
 
 Llanberis
(LLR)
 
 Llanberis
(LNWR)
 
 
 Llanberis
(SMR)
 
 
Snowdon Mountain Railway
 
Carnarvonshire Railway

Bus services to Llanberis are provided by Arriva Buses Wales and Gwynfor Coaches.[23] Former operator Padarn Bus, which went into receivership in 2014, was based in the town and ran several routes to it,[24] including a number of open-top routes.[25] Another local bus company, Express Motors, based in Penygroes, ran services to Llanberis but had its bus licence revoked in 2017.[26]

The village used to be served by Llanberis railway station on a branch line of the Carnarvonshire Railway. Passenger services ceased in 1932; freight continued until closure in 1964.[27] The heritage Snowdon Mountain Railway and Llanberis Lake Railway both have stations in the town, but serve primarily as tourist attractions rather than local transport links.

Notable people

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  • Griffith Williams (1769–1838), bardic name Gutyn Peris, a Welsh language poet, brought up in Llanberis
  • Annie Foulkes (1877-1962) a writer and teacher of French.
  • Thomas Rowland Hughes (1903–1949), broadcaster, dramatist and poet.
  • Marc Lloyd Williams (born 1973) a former footballer with 576 club caps and the Welsh Premier League's all-time top scorer with 319 goals; brought up in Llanberis
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See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Ward/Community population 2011". Archived from the original on 6 March 2016. Retrieved 16 May 2015.
  2. ^ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Llanberis" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 16 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 827.
  3. ^ Parker, Mike; Whitfield, Paul (2003). The Rough Guide To Wales. Rough Guides. p. 501.
  4. ^ Llanberis Pass, North Wales. Tate Collection.
  5. ^ "Listed Buildings in Llanberis, Gwynedd, Wales". British Listed Buildings. Retrieved 17 December 2013.
  6. ^ "Marged Ferch Ifan". Cary B. Retrieved 15 July 2014.
  7. ^ [1]
  8. ^ a b "Welsh Language Change in the percentage of people aged three years or older able to speak Welsh by LSOA 2011 to 2021 | DataMapWales". datamap.gov.wales. Retrieved 15 December 2022.
  9. ^ "Welsh language skills (detailed) - Office for National Statistics". www.ons.gov.uk. Retrieved 29 December 2022.
  10. ^ "A report on Ysgol Dolbadarn" (PDF). Estyn.
  11. ^ "2021 Census - Demography and migration - Nomis - Official Census and Labour Market Statistics". www.nomisweb.co.uk. Retrieved 4 January 2023.
  12. ^ "KS204EW (Country of birth) - Nomis - Official Census and Labour Market Statistics". www.nomisweb.co.uk. Retrieved 4 January 2023.
  13. ^ "Ward and area profiles". www.gwynedd.llyw.cymru. Retrieved 7 January 2023.
  14. ^ Lewis, Tim (11 April 2009). "Things to do this Easter". WalesOnline.
  15. ^ Barnes, David (2005). "Caernarfonshire: Eifionydd; Llŷn; Arfon". The Companion Guide to Wales. Companion Guides. pp. 279–315. ISBN 978-1-900639-43-9.
  16. ^ "Snowdonia National Park website".
  17. ^ Avent, Richard (2010). Dolwyddelan Castle, Dolbadarn Castle, Castel y Bere. Cardiff: Cadw. ISBN 978-1-85760-205-0.
  18. ^ "About Llanberis MRT". Llanberis Mountain Rescue Team. Retrieved 8 August 2013.
  19. ^ Crump, Eryl (11 February 2008). "Fifth film festival set for Llanberis". Daily Post. Retrieved 18 August 2018.
  20. ^ "Best Things to do in Llanberis in 2019". Walk Up Snowdon.co.uk. Retrieved 22 July 2019.
  21. ^ Powell, David (9 May 2016). "Snowdonia Slateman Triathlon set to attract huge crowds to Gwynedd". Daily Post. Retrieved 18 August 2018.
  22. ^ "Snowdonia Marathon Eryri". Marathon Eryri Cyf. Retrieved 6 December 2017.
  23. ^ "Bus timetables". Gwynedd County Council. Retrieved 18 August 2018.
  24. ^ "- Llanberis-based bus company to end services with the loss of around 80 jobs". Archived from the original on 18 May 2015. Retrieved 14 May 2015.
  25. ^ Clark, Rhodri (July 2009). "Welsh takeover with a difference". Buses. No. 652. pp. 34–36.
  26. ^ Gedge, Antony (24 August 2017). "Two family-run companies have bus licences revoked". Cambrian News. Retrieved 18 August 2018.
  27. ^ Baughan, Peter E. (1980). North and mid Wales. David & Charles. p. 105.
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