Kırıkkale is a city in the Central Anatolia region of Turkey. It is the seat of Kırıkkale Province and Kırıkkale District.[2] Its population is 186,960 (2022).[1] It is located 80 km east of Ankara which is the capital city of Turkey. The name of the city means broken castle.
Kırıkkale | |
|---|---|
 Clock Tower in Kırıkkale | |
  Kırıkkale Location in Turkey  Kırıkkale Kırıkkale (Turkey Central Anatolia) | |
| Coordinates: 39°50′30″N 33°30′50″E / 39.84167°N 33.51389°E | |
| Country | Turkey |
| Province | Kırıkkale |
| District | Kırıkkale |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Ahmet Önal (CHP) |
| Population (2022)[1] | 186,960 |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (TRT) |
| Postal code | 71000 |
| Area code | 0318 |
| Website | www |
The town of Kırıkkale is located on the Ankara-Kayseri railway near the Kızılırmak River in central Turkey. Formerly a village, it owes its rapid rise in population mainly to the establishment of steel mills in the 1950s. These works, among the largest in the country, specialize in high-quality alloy steel and machinery. In the 1960s, chemical plants were added and in 1986, the Tüpraş Kırıkkale Oil Refinery was established.
History
editPerhaps formerly known as Sarmalius in antiquity,[3][4][5] The name of the city supposedly comes from the name "Kırık" a village 3 km north of the city combined with another name called "Kale", meaning castle, in the centre of the city, the two were put together to make 'Kırıkkale'. Kırıkkale in Turkish means "broken castle". Inhabitation began in the 16th century when Turkish tribes came from the east and settled in Central Anatolia. [6] Formerly part of Ankara Province, it became the seat of the new Kırıkkale Province in 1989.[7]
Geography
editKırıkkale lies near Kızılırmak River (translating to Red River) in the Central Anatolia region of Turkey. The river is used to produce rice for the Turkish economy. The natural vegetation is steppe type, and vineyards are found in abundance.[6]
Climate
editKırıkkale has a cold semi-arid climate (Köppen: BSk) or a continental climate (Trewartha: Dc).[8] Winters are cold and moderately snowy, whereas summers are hot and dry. Rainfall is most common during spring and autumn.
| Climate data for Kırıkkale (1991–2020, extremes 1963–2020) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 17.0 (62.6) |
21.4 (70.5) |
30.4 (86.7) |
32.0 (89.6) |
36.0 (96.8) |
37.6 (99.7) |
41.8 (107.2) |
40.3 (104.5) |
40.6 (105.1) |
33.5 (92.3) |
24.8 (76.6) |
19.0 (66.2) |
41.8 (107.2) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 4.7 (40.5) |
7.8 (46.0) |
13.2 (55.8) |
18.7 (65.7) |
23.8 (74.8) |
28.2 (82.8) |
31.8 (89.2) |
31.9 (89.4) |
27.7 (81.9) |
21.4 (70.5) |
13.0 (55.4) |
6.3 (43.3) |
19.0 (66.2) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 0.8 (33.4) |
2.7 (36.9) |
7.2 (45.0) |
12.2 (54.0) |
17.1 (62.8) |
21.4 (70.5) |
24.9 (76.8) |
24.9 (76.8) |
20.3 (68.5) |
14.4 (57.9) |
7.0 (44.6) |
2.4 (36.3) |
12.9 (55.2) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −2.4 (27.7) |
−1.4 (29.5) |
2.0 (35.6) |
6.1 (43.0) |
10.7 (51.3) |
14.5 (58.1) |
17.6 (63.7) |
17.7 (63.9) |
13.1 (55.6) |
8.3 (46.9) |
2.2 (36.0) |
−0.6 (30.9) |
7.3 (45.1) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −22.4 (−8.3) |
−21.6 (−6.9) |
−19.8 (−3.6) |
−6.8 (19.8) |
0.4 (32.7) |
4.6 (40.3) |
7.4 (45.3) |
7.2 (45.0) |
2.7 (36.9) |
−5.0 (23.0) |
−9.7 (14.5) |
−18.0 (−0.4) |
−22.4 (−8.3) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 42.8 (1.69) |
30.2 (1.19) |
39.1 (1.54) |
40.0 (1.57) |
50.2 (1.98) |
42.3 (1.67) |
9.6 (0.38) |
14.4 (0.57) |
15.0 (0.59) |
29.1 (1.15) |
30.6 (1.20) |
43.6 (1.72) |
386.9 (15.23) |
| Average precipitation days | 11.57 | 9.93 | 11.03 | 11.87 | 13.37 | 9.83 | 3.50 | 3.57 | 4.73 | 7.50 | 8.00 | 11.27 | 106.2 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 80.0 | 72.8 | 64.5 | 60.7 | 59.1 | 54.6 | 47.4 | 47.3 | 50.9 | 61.5 | 71.4 | 80.0 | 62.3 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 83.7 | 121.5 | 170.5 | 216.0 | 269.7 | 312.0 | 359.6 | 341.0 | 270.0 | 207.7 | 141.0 | 74.4 | 2,567.1 |
| Mean daily sunshine hours | 2.7 | 4.3 | 5.5 | 7.2 | 8.7 | 10.4 | 11.6 | 11.0 | 9.0 | 6.7 | 4.7 | 2.4 | 7.0 |
| Source 1: Turkish State Meteorological Service[9] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: NOAA (humidity)[10] | |||||||||||||
Education
editKırıkkale University is located in the city.
References
edit- ^ a b "Address-based population registration system (ADNKS) results dated 31 December 2022, Favorite Reports" (XLS). TÜİK. Retrieved 13 March 2023.
- ^ İl Belediyesi, Turkey Civil Administration Departments Inventory. Retrieved 1 March 2023.
- ^ S. Mitchell. "Map 63 Ancyra" (PDF). Retrieved 2023-03-27.
- ^ S. Mitchell, R. Talbert, T. Elliott, and S. Gillies. "'Sarmalius: a Pleiades place resource', Pleiades: A Gazetteer of Past Places, 2012". Retrieved 2023-03-27.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Johan Åhlfeldt. "About: Sarmalius, perhaps near Kırıkkale". Retrieved 2013-08-01.
- ^ a b "Web Hosting Control Panel Login". www.allaboutturkey.com.
- ^ Kanun No. 3578, Resmî Gazete, 21 June 1989.
- ^ Öztürk, Mehmet Zeynel; Çetinkaya, Gülden; Aydın, Selman. "Köppen-Geiger İklim Sınıflandırmasına Göre Türkiye'nin İklim Tipleri/Climate Types of Turkey According to Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification". Coğrafya Dergisi – Journal of Geography. 35 (2017): 17–27. doi:10.26650/JGEOG295515. Retrieved 23 June 2020. (in Turkish and English)
- ^ "Resmi İstatistikler: İllerimize Ait Mevism Normalleri (1991–2020)" (in Turkish). Turkish State Meteorological Service. Retrieved 6 July 2021.
- ^ "World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991–2020: Bursa" (CSV). National centers for Environmental Information. Retrieved 2 August 2023.