Étienne Jérôme Rouchouze SS.CC. (English: Stephen Rouchouze; 1798–1843) was a French Catholic missionary in the Eastern Pacific Ocean (including the Kingdom of Hawaii in the Hawaiian Islands chain, also known as the former Sandwich Islands).[1][2][3]
The Most Reverend Étienne Rouchouze SS.CC. | |
|---|---|
| Vicar Apostolic of Eastern Oceania | |
 | |
| Church | Catholic |
| See | Titular Bishop of Nilopolis |
| Appointed | 14 June 1833 |
| In office | 1833–1843 |
| Predecessor | Alexis Bachelot |
| Orders | |
| Consecration | 22 December 1833 by Carlo Maria Pedicini |
| Rank | Bishop |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Étienne Jérôme Rouchouze 28 February 1798 |
| Died | 1843 At sea |
| Nationality | French |
Biography
editA member of the Congregation of the Sacred Hearts of Jesus and Mary, he was appointed by the Holy See Vicar Apostolic and Titular Bishop of Nilopolis[4] from 1833 to 1843 of the Vicariate Apostolic of Oriental Oceania, from which were derived the Archdiocese of Papeete, the Diocese of Honolulu and the Diocese of Taiohae or Tefenuaenata in the Marquesas Islands. As a missionary bishop, Msgr. Rouchouze resided in Valparaíso, Chile and in Honolulu; he was responsible for the evangelization efforts of the Picpus Fathers in the Hawaiian Islands and eastern Pacific. His motto was Per aspera in astera (from hardship to the stars).
Prior to his episcopal ministry, Pope Gregory XVI, on 27 November 1825, created the Prefecture Apostolic of the Sandwich Islands. Father Alexis Bachelot was subsequently appointed its first prefect on 3 December 1825.
Msgr. Rouchouze was appointed Vicar Apostolic of Eastern Oceania and Titular Bishop of Nilopolis on 14 June 1833 with ordinary jurisdiction over the Hawai‘i prefecture apostolic. He was subsequently consecrated to the episcopate in Rome, on 22 December 1833 by the Prefect of the Propaganda Fide, Cardinal Carlo Maria Pedicini.[5] On 29 June 1834, in Golden Square in London, Msgr. Rouchouze served as principal co-consecrator in the episcopal ordination of Msgr. John Bede Polding, O.S.B., Titular Bishop of Hierocaesarea and Vicar Apostolic elect of New Holland.
Rouchouze left Le Havre on 29 October 1834 and arrived in Valparaíso, Chile on 19 February 1835. After staying a few months, he went on to Mangareva in the Gambier Islands on 9 May 1835. He baptized the island's king Maputeoa and his family on 25 August 1836.[6] On 4 April 1839, Msgr. Rouchouze returned to blessed the first stone for the St. Michael's Cathedral, Rikitea in Mangareva.[7] He said the first pontifical Mass in the Marquesas at Tahuata on 6 February 1839. He arrived in Honolulu on 14 May 1840.[8]
On 8 December 1842 the ship Marie-Joseph was blessed in Saint Malo in Brittany. Shortly thereafter, Msgr. Rouchouze, accompanied by six priests, one sub-deacon, seven lays brothers and ten sisters, left Saint Malo for Oceania on the Marie-Joseph. Sister Caliste Le Gris died at sea. Unwilling to bury her at sea, they put into Island of Saint Catherine near Florianópolis in Brazil and buried her there. On 19 February 1843[9] Rouchouze and his remaining missionaries left the island. Evaristo, a Mangarevan youth, fell ill and also died while they were in Brazil. The ship was last sited off the Falkland Islands on 13 March 1843. Rouchouze and his companions were never seen again and were presumed to have perished at sea.[10][11]
See also
editSources and References
edit- ^ Lettres des missionnaires maristes en Océanie (1836–1854) – Page 721 2008 "Mgr ROUCHOUZE Étienne : 1798 à Chazeau, Loire – 1842 en mer Père picpucien, Vicaire apostolique de l'Océanie orientale il s'installe d'abord à Mangareva aux Gambier, puis, à Tahiti, comme évêque de 1833 à 1836. Il disparaît en mer ..."
- ^ Yannick Essertel L'aventure missionnaire lyonnaise: 1815–1962 2001 Page 215 "Mgr Rouchouze, vicaire apostolique de l'Océanie orientale. A la demande du Père Coudrin, Rome confie au Père Étienne Rouchouze1 l'évangélisation de l'Océanie orientale le 20 mai 1833. Le vicariat est formé des îles Gambier, de Tahiti, ..."
- ^ Pierre-Yves Toullelan Missionnaires au quotidien à Tahiti: les Picpuciens en Polynésie Page 136 – 1995 "À Mgr Rouchouze (vicaire apostolique de 1836 à 1840) succèdent Mgr Baudichon (1844–1848) et Mgr Jaussen (1848–1884). L'abandon de Mgr Baudichon entraîne la nomination pour les Marquises de Mgr Dordillon (1855–1888).
- ^ Garrett, John (1982). To Live Among the Stars: Christian Origins in Oceania. University of the South Pacific Institute of Pacific Studies. p. 92. ISBN 2-8254-0692-9.
- ^ "Carlo Maria Pedicini". Archived from the original on 2006-03-27. Retrieved 2006-02-28.
- ^ "Tahiti 1834–1984 – Chap. VIII. DEUXIÈME PARTIE L'APPEL DES ÎLES LOINTAINES". Paroisse de la Cathédrale de Papeete. Archived from the original on 27 November 2016. Retrieved 27 July 2015.
- ^ Kirk 2012, p. 128.
- ^ "Mgr Étienne ROUCHOUZE". Paroisse de la Cathédrale de Papeete. Retrieved 27 July 2015.[permanent dead link]
- ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-08-06. Retrieved 2013-02-11.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ Lal, Brij V.; Kate Fortune (2000). The Pacific Islands: An Encyclopedia. University of Hawaii Press. pp. 191–192. ISBN 0-8248-2265-X.
- ^ Pires, Mary Dolorine. "Disparition du Marie-Joseph". Paroisse de la Cathédrale de Papeete. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 27 July 2015.
Bibliography
edit- Garrett, John (1982). To Live Among the Stars: Christian Origins in Oceania. Suva, Fiji: Institute of Pacific Studies, University of the South Pacific. ISBN 978-2-8254-0692-2.
- Laval, Honoré; Newbury, C. W.; O'Reilly, Patrick (1968). Mémoires pour servir à l'histoire de Mangareva: ère chrétienne, 1834–1871. Paris: Musée de l'Homme.
- Kirk, Robert W. (2012). Paradise Past: The Transformation of the South Pacific, 1520–1920. Jefferson, NC: McFarland. ISBN 978-0-7864-6978-9.
- Wiltgen, Ralph M. (2010). The Founding of the Roman Catholic Church in Oceania, 1825 to 1850. Eugene, OR: Wipf and Stock Publishers. ISBN 978-1-60899-536-3.
- Yzendoorn, Reginald (1927). History of the Catholic Mission in the Hawaiian Islands. Honolulu: Honolulu Star-Bulletin.