The Chengdu GJ-2, also known as Wing Loong 2, is an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) capable of remotely controlled or autonomous flight developed by the Chengdu Aircraft Industry Group in the People's Republic of China. Intended for use as a surveillance and aerial reconnaissance and precision strike platform, Chengdu unveiled the concept of Wing Loong II at the Aviation Expo China in Beijing in September 2015. Wing Loong II has long range strike capability with a satellite link.
| Wing Loong II | |
|---|---|
| |
| Wing Loong II at Dubai Air Show 2017 | |
| Role | MALE UCAV |
| Manufacturer | Chengdu Aircraft Industry Group |
| Designer | Chengdu Aircraft Design Institute |
| First flight | February 2017[1] |
| Introduction | 2017 |
| Status | In service |
| Primary user | People's Liberation Army Air Force |
| Produced | 2015-present |
| Developed from | CAIG Wing Loong |
| Developed into | Chengdu Wing Loong-3 |
Development
editThe prototype of the Wing Loong II was presented for the first time to the public during the Airshow China exhibition, held in Zhuhai from 1–6 November 2016.[2]
Design
editThe Wing Loong II UAV MALE is an enlarged version of the Wing Loong I with a longer body and wider wing span. It has a slender fuselage, V-tail, and ventral fin. The aircraft features retractable landing gear, including two main wheels under the fuselage and one single wheel under the nose. Each wing has three hardpoints under the wings with the capability of carrying bombs, rockets, or air-to-surface missiles. A satellite communications antenna is situated on the top front surface of the fuselage, offering long range data transmission between the UAV and the ground station.[2]
Comparison
edit| Variant | Armaments | Takeoff weight | Engine type | Maximum cruise speed | Operational endurance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH-1 | No | 220 kg | Piston | 140 km/h | 6 hours |
| CH-2 | No | 220 kg | Piston | 160 km/h | 8 hours |
| CH-3 | Yes, 80 kg | 650 kg | Piston | 220 km/h | 12 hours |
| CH-4 | Yes, 345 kg | 1330 kg | Piston | 180 km/h | 30 hours for recon / 12 hours for strike |
| CH-5 | Yes, 1000 kg | 3300 kg | Turboprop | 220 km/h | 60 hours for recon / 30 hours with 8 AR-1 missiles |
| GJ-1 (Wing Loong I) | Yes, 200 kg | 1100 kg | Piston | 280 km/h | 20 hours |
| GJ-2 (Wing Loong II) | Yes, 480 kg | 4200 kg | Turboprop | 370 km/h | 32 hours / 20 hours at max speed |
| Wing Loong III | Yes, 2300 kg | 6200 kg | Turboprop | - | 40 hours |
| WZ-10 (Wing Loong-10) | Yes, 400 kg | 3200 kg | Turbojet/Turbofan | 620 km/h | 32 hours |
Variants
edit- GJ-2
- Chinese military version of Wing Loong II. Distinguished by the lack of winglets. Officially entered service with the PLAAF in November 2018.[4]
- Wing Loong II
- An upgraded variant of the Wing Loong-1, with provisions for up to twelve air-to-surface missiles.[5][6][7]
- Wing Loong 2H
- Civilian, communication, emergency response variant, equipped with synthetic aperture radar and optoelectronic pod which is able to relay and amplify telecommunication signals. The Wing Loong 2H debuted in July 2021 when it was deployed to assist with rescue work in Central China's Henan Province after unprecedented heavy rainfall flooding, providing a stable communication signal that can be directly used by normal phones with areas of over 50 square kilometers.[8]
- Wing Loong 2D[9]
- Wing Loong 2Y[9]
- Wing Loong 3
- Enlarged Wing Loong 2 with longer range and endurance hours.[10][11][12] It's the first model in the Wing Loong series that is capable of deploying air-to-air missiles and reach intercontinental range.[13] The drone was fitted with the PL-10E infrared missile, a sonobuoy launcher, and miniature UAV under its wings at the airshow display.[12]
Operational history
editThe Wing Loong II was used by the UAE to perform airstrikes against the Government of National Accord (GNA) in the Libyan civil war. The GNA received 12 Bayraktar TB2s in two batches between May and July. At least half of them have been destroyed during Libyan National Army (LNA) airstrikes using Wing Loong IIs; the second batch delivered in July was to replace the losses of the first.[14][15][16] As of June 2020, a total of 6 Wing Loong IIs have been reported shot down or lost in Libya, all operated by the LNA.[17] One was allegedly shot down by a laser: if this was true then it was the first time in history that a laser weapon shot down a combat vehicle.[18]
An investigation led by BBC Africa Eye and BBC Arabic Documentaries revealed that the UAE used Wing Loong II drones to fire Chinese Blue Arrow 7 missiles at a military academy in Libya's capital, Tripoli, in January 2020, killing 26 unarmed cadets. The drone was operated from Libya's Al-Khadim air base which has been under the control of the UAE.[19]
During the 2021 Henan floods, because of the interruption of communication in some areas due to flooding, the Ministry of Emergency Management dispatched its emergency disaster-response Chengdu Wing Loong II (Wing Loong 2H) to the corresponding areas, and carried out nearly 6 hours of ground reconnaissance and communication relay services.[20][21]
In 2023 the Nigerian Air Force seems to have struck "Boko Haram" militants using the Wing Loong II.[22][23] A video of one of the strikes seems to be available online [24]
In 2024, Pakistan carried out a strike on militants within the Iranian border, using Wing Loong IIs alongside JF-17s and F-16s [25]
In June 2024 Italy seized Wing Loong II disguised as wind turbine parts that appear to be in the process of being smuggled to the Libyan National Army.[26]
Also in 2024, the UAE utilized the Wing Loong II to provide the Rapid Support Forces with aerial intelligence during the Sudanese Civil War.[27]
Operators
editAlgeria — 24 units on order for the Algerian Air Force; they should be fully operational by 2022.[28][better source needed][29][30]
China — In service with the People's Liberation Army Air Force since 2018, as GJ-2.
Egypt[31]
Libya — In service with the Libyan Air Force that supported the Haftar's forces during the Second Libyan Civil War. Supplied by the UAE.
Nigeria — Used in Boko Haram insurgency.[32]
Pakistan — In October 2018, it was announced that Pakistan Aeronautical Complex and Chengdu Aircraft Corporation would jointly produce 48 Wing Loong II UAVs for use by the Pakistan Air Force.[33][34][35]
Saudi Arabia — In service with the Royal Saudi Air Force. Used during the Yemeni Civil War against Houthi militias.
United Arab Emirates — Launch customer for Wing Loong II in 2017.[36]
Specifications
editData from Army Recognition[2]
General characteristics
- Crew: None
- Length: 11 m (36 ft 1 in)
- Wingspan: 20.5 m (67 ft 3 in)
- Height: 4.1 m (13 ft 5 in)
- Max takeoff weight: 4,200 kg (9,259 lb)
Performance
- Maximum speed: 370 km/h (230 mph, 200 kn)
- Cruise speed: 200 km/h (120 mph, 110 kn)
- Stall speed: 150 km/h (93 mph, 81 kn)
- Endurance: 32 hours
- Service ceiling: 9,900 m (32,500 ft)
Avionics
- Air-to-ground radars
- GPS communication system
- Electro-optical pod with day light and infrared cameras and sensors
- Satellite link
- Communications range: >1,000 km (620 mi) with SatCom, ~150 km (93 mi) from Ground Control Station (GCS)[39]
See also
editAircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era
Related lists
References
edit- ^ "China's AVIC Achieves First Flight of Wing-Loong II UAV".
- ^ a b c "WING LOONG II UAV MALE". Army Recognition. 18 March 2023.
- ^ "Is China at the Forefront of Drone Technology?". 29 May 2018.
- ^ "Airshow China 2018: Wing Loong II armed reconnaissance UAV enters PLAAF service | Jane's 360". Archived from the original on 2018-11-07. Retrieved 2020-01-09.
- ^ "组图：翼龙-2无人机挂载能力强悍_新闻_腾讯网". News.qq.com. Retrieved 2020-01-19.
- ^ 2016-10-28 13:57:20 来源：观察者网 (2016-10-28). ""翼龙2"或入列中国空军 "彩虹5"将出口中东-搜狐军事频道". Mil.sohu.com. Retrieved 2020-01-19.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ Wong, Kevin (7 November 2018). "Airshow China 2018: Wing Loong II armed reconnaissance UAV enters PLAAF service". IHS Jane's 360. Zhuhai. Archived from the original on 2018-11-07. Retrieved 7 November 2018.
- ^ "国产翼龙-2H无人机为通信中断区搭建空中移动基站-新华网". www.xinhuanet.com. Retrieved 2021-07-23.
- ^ a b "China unveils giant new drone that may point to future of air warfare". The Jerusalem Post | JPost.com. 9 November 2022. Retrieved 2022-11-12.
- ^ "Chinese defense aviation industry unveils its new Wing Loong 3 UAV at AirShow China 2022". armyrecognition. 6 November 2022.
- ^ "China Introduces Large Wing Loong III UCAS". Aviation Week. 7 November 2022.
- ^ a b Trevithick, Joseph (7 November 2022). "All The Air Combat Developments Out Of China's Massive Air Show". The Drive.
- ^ Wang, Amber (9 November 2022). "China unveils Wing Loong-3 intercontinental military drone with self-defense mechanism at Zhuhai air show". South China Morning Post.
- ^ "Chinese drones hunt Turkish drones in Libya air war". South China Morning Post. 2019-09-29. Retrieved 2019-11-18.
- ^ "Drone war in Libya: Wing Loong II versus Bayraktar TB2". African Military. 26 September 2019. Archived from the original on 23 September 2020.
- ^ "Libya:Drone test laboratory for a new type of air warfare". Air & Cosmos International. 15 November 2019. Retrieved 18 March 2021.
- ^ "CAIG Wing Loong II - All losses by type (modification)". Retrieved 9 June 2020.
- ^ Timokhin, Alexander. "Turkey uses laser weapon technology to shoot down Chinese UAV Wing Loong II in Libya". Army Recognition. Archived from the original on 2020-04-16. Retrieved 2019-08-12.
- ^ "UAE implicated in lethal drone strike in Libya". BBC News. 28 August 2020. Retrieved 28 August 2020.
- ^ 观察者网 (2021-07-22). "联系上了！"翼龙无人机抵达你镇上空"" (in Chinese (China)). 观察者网. Retrieved 2021-07-22.
- ^ 杨晨 (2021-07-22). "驰援河南 "翼龙"化身空中移动"基站"" (in Chinese (China)). 封面新闻. Retrieved 2021-07-22.
- ^ Video
- ^ Emerald Insight
- ^ Newdick, Thomas (3 July 2024). "Chinese Wing Loong Drones Disguised As Wind Turbines Seized By Italy". The War Zone. Retrieved 7 July 2024.
- ^ Walsh, Declan (21 September 2024). "How a U.S. Ally Uses Aid as a Cover in War". The New York Times. Retrieved 26 September 2024.
- ^ Akramov (2021-09-23). "L'Algérie va renforcer sa flotte de drones". MENADEFENSE (in French). Retrieved 2021-11-11.
- ^ @fab_hinz (June 16, 2023). "Algeria seems to have taken delivery of Chinese Wing Loong II UAVs with one example visible at Ain Oussera Airbase in mid-May" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
- ^ https://www.defense-arabic.com/2023/06/25/%d8%a3%d9%88%d9%84-%d8%b8%d9%87%d9%88%d8%b1-%d8%b1%d8%b3%d9%85%d9%8a-%d9%84%d9%84%d8%b7%d8%a7%d8%a6%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b3%d9%8a%d8%b1%d8%a9-wing-loong-2-%d8%a8%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ac%d8%b2/ [bare URL]
- ^ "IDEX-2021: China Displays Its High-Tech Military Hardware At Abu Dhabi Expo: Watch". Latest Asian, Middle-East, EurAsian, Indian News. 2021-02-24. Retrieved 2021-03-12.
- ^ "Nigeria acquires sophisticated drones capable of fighting Boko Haram, bandits for 26 hours nonstop". Daily Nigerian. 2020-11-10. Retrieved 2020-11-10.
- ^ Dominguez, Gabriel; Bedi, Rahul (9 October 2018). "China, Pakistan to jointly produce Wing Loong II UAVs, says report". London, New Delhi. Archived from the original on 9 October 2018. Retrieved 13 October 2018.
- ^ "Chinese Wing Loong II drones sold to Pakistan". Army Recognition. 11 October 2018. Archived from the original on 2018-10-11. Retrieved 13 October 2018.
- ^ Nene, Vidi (11 October 2018). "China and Pakistan to Jointly Produce 48 Wing Loong II Drones". Drone Below. Archived from the original on 2018-10-11. Retrieved 13 October 2018.
- ^ Biggers, Christopher (26 January 2018). "UAE revealed as Wing Loong II launch customer". IHS Jane's 360. Washington, DC. Archived from the original on 26 January 2018. Retrieved 26 January 2018.
- ^ "[今日关注]中国彩虹五无人机首飞成功 正式进入量产 | CCTV-4". YouTube.
- ^ "WING LOONG II UAV MALE". armyrecognition. 18 March 2023.
- ^ "Saudi Arabia".