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Arsenio Linares y Pombo

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Arsenio Linares y Pombo (22 October 1848 – 7 August 1914) was a Spanish Army officer and politician. Born in Valencia, he earned the rank of lieutenant in 1868 and participated in operations against rebellions in Cuba, and in the Carlist Wars on mainland Spain putting down rebellions by Basque separatists.[1] He occupied posts in the Philippines, Madrid, and Melilla, and later returned to Cuba. Linares described himself as passionately loyal to King Alfonso XIII. He was an antisemite and a white supremacist, in his memoirs (published 1906) he made numerous disparaging remarks about Jewish people as well as people of African descent.[2] Ideologically Linares said he was opposed to democracy, which he believed was a "flawed idea." On this basis he supported the coup d'état led by Arsenio Martínez Campos to overthrow the First Spanish Republic and restore the monarchy.[2]

Arsenio Linares
Born22 October 1848
Valencia, Province of Valencia
Died7 August 1914 (aged 65)
Madrid, Community of Madrid
Allegiance Spain
Service / branch Spanish Army
Years of service1868–1909
Rank General de ejército
Battles / warsThird Carlist War
Spanish–American War
Minister of War of Spain
In office
18 October 1900 – 6 March 1901
MonarchAlfonso XIII
Prime MinisterFrancisco Silvela
Marcelo Azcárraga Palmero
RegentMaria Christina of Austria
Preceded byMarcelo Azcárraga Palmero
Succeeded byValeriano Weyler
In office
6 December 1902 – 20 July 1903
MonarchAlfonso XIII
Prime MinisterFrancisco Silvela
Preceded byValeriano Weyler
Succeeded byVicente Martitegui
In office
5 December 1903 – 16 December 1904
MonarchAlfonso XIII
Prime MinisterAntonio Maura
Preceded byVicente Martitegui
Succeeded byCésar del Villar y Villate
In office
1 March – 21 October 1909
MonarchAlfonso XIII
Prime MinisterAntonio Maura
Preceded byFernando Primo de Rivera
Succeeded byAgustín de Luque y Coca
Director general of the Civil Guard of Spain
In office
23 November – 6 December 1903
MonarchAlfonso XIII
Prime MinisterRaimundo Fernández Villaverde
Antonio Maura
Minister of GovernanceAntonio García Alix
Manuel Allendesalazar
Preceded byCamilo García de Polavieja
Succeeded byVicente Martitegui
Captain General of Catalonia
In office
22 March 1906 – 1 March 1909
MonarchAlfonso XIII
Preceded byVicente Martitegui
Succeeded byLuis de Santiago Manescau
Captain General of Aragon
In office
20 October 1899 – 15 October 1900
MonarchAlfonso XIII
RegentMaria Christina of Austria
Preceded byFrancisco Javier Girón y Aragón
Succeeded byFrancisco Borrero

He organized the defense of Santiago de Cuba during the Battle of San Juan Hill. Linares failed to reinforce this position, choosing to hold nearly 10,000 Spanish reserves in the city of Santiago. Spanish entrenchments, crucial to the defense of the city, had been poorly constructed. Rather than being on the forward or military crest of the San Juan Height where they could have a clear field of fire all the way down the hill, they were constructed on the hilltop, itself allowing the Americans to escape even near point-blank rifle volleying when they went below the Spanish soldiers lines of observation.

After the Battle of San Juan Hill Pombo wrote to his commander: "The situation is fatal; surrender inevitable; we are only prolonging the agony; the sacrifice is useless."[3]

He was named Minister of War in 1900 by Prime Minister Francisco Silvela, and occupied this post under subsequent governments. He was appointed senator for life in 1900. In 1909, his call-up of troops from Catalonia to be sent to Morocco led to the Tragic Week in Barcelona. He died in Madrid in 1914.

References

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  1. ^ San Juan Hill 1898: America's Emergence as a World Power, by Angus Konstam pg.
  2. ^ a b Discurso pronunciado por ... Arsenio Linares Pombo en la sesión del Senado del día 7 de febrero de 1906 consumiendo el primer turno en contra de la totalidad del dictamen sobre el Proyecto de ley de represión de los delitos contra la Patria y el Ejército by Arsenio Linares y Pombo, 1906
  3. ^ The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Warfare: From Ancient Egypt to Iraq, by DK pg. 453

Sources

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