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Travel topics > Preparation > European quick reference

This quick reference to Europe collects country codes, currency code information, direct dialling information and time zone information into a single location.

Understand

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Map of Europe with national flags

This article provides an index to the countries of Europe and catalogues certain aspects such as currency, dialling codes and time zones that affect a traveller. Items that are the same across most of Europe, such as electricity, are not shown in the table, but are detailed, along with the relevant exceptions in separate sections.

The script (Latin, Cyrillic, Greek, etc.) used in the country concerned can be inferred from the script used when writing the country's name using its local format.

Driving

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Main article: Driving in Europe

Driving is on the right on the European mainland, in Iceland and in Gibraltar, while one drives on the left in the other island nations (United Kingdom plus dependencies, Ireland, Malta and Cyprus). Petrol (gasoline) is dispensed by the litre throughout Europe. Distances and speed limits are posted in kilometres and kilometres per hour, except in the United Kingdom and its dependencies (apart from Gibraltar) where they are posted in miles and miles per hour.

Electricity

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Main article: Electrical systems

Apart from Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia and Russia, who use 220 V at 50 Hz, all of Europe uses 230 V at 50 Hz. However, plugs and sockets vary from country to country; adaptors are available for travellers. The various types of plug are illustrated below and their usage by country is in the attached table.

Time zones

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Main article: Time zones

The standard time in most of Europe apart from Russia and certain of its neighbours is GMT, GMT+1 or GMT+2. In 2023 those countries of Europe that observe daylight saving time will put their clocks forward at 0100 GMT on Sunday, 26 March and put their clocks back at 01:00 GMT on Sunday, 29 October.

Country-specific data

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Main article: Money
Main article: Dealing with emergencies
Essential data for travellers in Europe
Country Code§1 Currency§2 Telephone Timezone§4
(UTC offset)
Plug Type
(English) (Local) Vehicle ISO 3166 Inter'lPrimary emergency numbers§3
Albania Albania Shqipëri ALAL L - ALL - Lek +355112 +1 / +2 C, F
Alderney Alderney Alderney GBA(GG) £ - GBP - Pound Sterling +44112 +0 / +1 G
Andorra Andorra Andorra ANDAD € - EUR - Euro +376112 +1 / +2 C, F
Armenia Armenia Հայաստան
Hayastan
AMAM ֏ - AMD - dram +374103, 101, 102 +4 C, F
Austria Austria Österreich AAT € - EUR - Euro +43112 +1 / +2 C, F
Azerbaijan Azerbaijan Azərbaycan AZAZ ₼ - AZN - Manat +994103, 101, 102 +4 C, F
Belarus Belarus Беларусь (Belarusian)
Белару́сь (Russian)
BYBY Br - BYN - Rubel +37503, 01, 02 +3 C, F
Belgium Belgium België (Dutch)
Belgique (French)
Belgien (German)
BBE € - EUR - Euro +32112 +1 / +2 C, E
Bosnia and Hertzegovina Bosnia and
Hertzegovina
Bosna i Hercegovina (Bosnian, Croatian)
Босна и Херцеговина (Serbian)
BIHBA KM - BAM - Convertable marks +387124, 123, 122 +1 / +2 C, F
Bulgaria Bulgaria България BGBG лв - BGN - Lev§5 +359112 +2 / +3 C, F
Croatia Croatia Hrvatska HRHR € - EUR - Euro +385112 +1 / +2 C, F
Cyprus Cyprus Κύπρος (Greek)
Kıbrıs (Turkish)
CYCY € - EUR - Euro§7 +357112 +2 / +3 G
Czech Republic Czech Republic Česká republika CZCZ Kč - CZK - Czech Koruna +420112 +1 / +2 C, E
Denmark Denmark Danmark DKDK kr - DKK - Danish Krone +45112 +1 / +2 C, E, F, K
Estonia Estonia Eesti ESTEE € - EUR - Euro +372112 +2 / +3 C, F
Faroe Islands Faroe Islands Føroyar (Faroese)
Færøerne (Danish)
FOFO kr - DKK - Danish Krone +298112 +0 / +1 C, E, F, K
Finland Finland Suomi (Finnish)
Finland (Swedish)
FINFI € - EUR - Euro +358112 +2 / +3 C, F
France France France FFR € - EUR - Euro +33112 +1 / +2 C, E
Georgia Georgia საქართველო
Sakartvelo
GEGE ₾ - GEL - Lari +995112 +4 C, F
Germany Germany Deutschland DDE € - EUR - Euro +49112 +1 / +2 C, F
Gibraltar Gibraltar Gibraltar GBZGI £ - GIP - Gibraltar Pound +350112 +1 / +2 G
Greece Greece Ελλάδα GRGR € - EUR - Euro +30112 +2 / +3 C, F
Guernsey Guernsey Guernsey GBGGG £ - GBP - Pound Sterling +44112 +0 / +1 G
Hungary Hungary Magyarország HHU Ft - HUF - Forint +36112 +1 / +2 C, F
Iceland Iceland Ísland ISIS kr - ISK - Icelandic króna +354112 0 C, F
Ireland Ireland Ireland (English)
Éire (Irish)
IRLIE € - EUR - Euro +353112 +0 / +1 G
Isle of Man Isle of Man Isle of Man GBMIM £ - GBP - Pound Sterling +44112 +0 / +1 C, G
Italy Italy Italia IIT € - EUR - Euro +39112 +1 / +2 C, F, L
Jersey Jersey Jersey GBJJE £ - GBP - Pound Sterling +44112 +0 / +1 G
Kosovo Kosovo Kosova (Albanian)
Косово (Serbian - Cyrillic)
Kosovo (Serbian - Latin)
RKSXK € - EUR - Euro +38394 +1 / +2 C, F
Latvia Latvia Latvija LVLV € - EUR - Euro +371112 +2 / +3 C, F
Leichtenstein Liechtenstein Liechtenstein FLLI Fr - CHF - Swiss Franc +423112 +1 / +2 C, J
Lithuania Lithuania Lietuva LTLT € - EUR - Euro +370112 +2 / +3 C, F
XXX Luxembourg Lëtzebuerg​ (Luxembourgish)
Luxembourg​ (French)
Luxemburg​ (German)
LLU € - EUR - Euro +352112 +1 / +2 C, F
Malta Malta Malta MMT € - EUR - Euro +356112 +1 / +2 G
Moldova Moldova Moldova MDMD L - MDL - Moldovan Leu +373112 +2 / +3 C, F
Monaco Monaco Monaco MCMC € - EUR - Euro +377112 +1 / +2 C, E, F
Montenegro Montenegro Crna Gora (Latin script)
Црна Гора (Cyrillic script)
MNEME € - EUR - Euro +382112 +1 / +2 C, F
Netherlands Netherlands Nederland NLNL € - EUR - Euro +31112 +1 / +2 C, F
North Macedonia North Macedonia Северна Македонија (Macedonian)
Maqedonisë së Veriut (Albanian)
NMKMK ден - MKD - Macedonian Denar +389112 +1 / +2 C, F
Norway Norway Norge (bokmål)
Noreg (nynorsk)
NNO kr - NOK - Norwegian Krone +47112 +1 / +2 C, F
Poland Poland Polska PLPL zł - PLN - Złoty +48112 +1 / +2 C, E
Portugal Portugal Portugal PPT € - EUR - Euro +351112 +0 / +1
Romania Romania România RORO L - RON - New Romanian Leu +40112 +2 / +3 C, F
Russia Russia Россия RUSRU ₽ - RUB - Russian Ruble +7112 +3§6 C, F
San Marino San Marino San Marino RSMSM € - EUR - Euro +378112 +1 / +2 C, F, L
Serbia Serbia Србија (Cyrillic)
Srbija (Latin)
SRBRS РСД - RSD - Serbian Dinar +381112 +1 / +2 C, F
Slovakia Slovakia Slovensko SKSK € - EUR - Euro +421112 +1 / +2 C, E
Slovenia Slovenia Slovenija SLOSI € - EUR - Euro +386112 +1 / +2 C, F
Spain Spain España (Spanish)
Espanya (Catalan)
Espainia (Basque)
EES € - EUR - Euro +34112 +1 / +2 C, F
Sweden Sweden Sverige SSE kr - SEK - Swedish Krona +46112 +1 / +2 C, F
Switzerland Switzerland Schweiz (German)
Suisse (French)
Svizzera (Italian)
Svizra (Romansh)
Helvetia (Latin)
CHCH Fr/fr - CHF - Swiss franc +41112 +1 / +2 C, J
Turkey Turkey / Türkiye Türkiye TRTR ₺ - TRY - Turkish Lira +90112 +3 C, F
Ukraine Ukraine Україна UAUA ₴ - UAH - Hryvnia +380112 +2 / +3 C, F
United Kingdom United Kingdom United Kingdom UKGB £ - GBP - Pound Sterling +44112 +0 / +1 G
Vatican City Vatican City Civitatis Vaticanae (Latin)
Città del Vaticano (Italian)
VVA € - EUR - Euro +379112 +1 / +2 C, F, L
§1: There are multiple systems of codes by which countries are identified. The international vehicle registration code must appear on the back of any vehicle that is travelling in a country other than the country where it is registered. Unlike the vehicle code which can have 1, 2 or 3 letters, the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 code, which is shown here and used in many contexts, always has 2 letters.
§2: The first item is the symbol that is usually used in the shops, the second is the ISO 4217 code (which is used in banking) and the third the name of the currency.
§3: Where three numbers are listed, they refer to Ambulance, Fire and Police respectively (i.e. in alphabetic order). For the sake of brevity, alternate numbers such as 999 in the United Kingdom are not shown.
§4: Standard timezone / Daylight saving timezone. In 2024 those countries of Europe that observe daylight saving time put their clocks forward at 0100 GMT on Sunday, 31 March and put their clocks back at 01:00 GMT on Sunday, 27 October.
§5: From 1 January 2025, Bulgaria is expected to use the euro.
§6: Time in Kaliningrad is GMT+2, for the rest of European Russia, it is GMT+3.
§7: Unrecognized Northern Cyprus uses the Turkish lira as its official currency, but the euro is also widely accepted.
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