Morgen!

"Morgen!"
Lied by Richard Strauss
Strauss in 1894
English	"Tomorrow!"
Key	G major
Catalogue	TrV 170
Opus	27/4
Text	Poem by John Henry Mackay
Language	German
Composed	1894 (1894)
Dedication	Pauline de Ahna
Scoring	Voice and piano

"Morgen!" ("Tomorrow!") is the last in a set of four songs composed in 1894 by the German composer Richard Strauss. It is designated Opus 27, Number 4.

The text of this Lied, the German love poem "Morgen!", was written by Strauss's contemporary, John Henry Mackay, who was of partly Scottish descent but brought up in Germany.

Strauss had met Mackay in Berlin, and set Morgen! to music on 21 May 1894. It was one of his four Lieder Opus 27, a wedding present to his wife Pauline. Initially, he set the accompaniment for piano alone, and for piano with violin. In 1897 he arranged the piece for orchestra with violin solo.

"Morgen!" remains one of Strauss's best-known and most widely recorded works. Strauss himself recorded it in 1919 accompanying the tenor Robert Hutt on the piano,^[1] and again in 1941 conducting the orchestral version with tenor Julius Patzak and the Bavarian State Orchestra. His last recording of it was 11 June 1947, a live broadcast on radio with Strauss conducting the Orchestra della Svizzera Italiana and soprano Annette Brun.^[2]

Strauss wrote the song originally to be accompanied by piano. In 1897 he orchestrated the accompaniment for orchestral strings plus a solo violin, a harp, and three horns. The orchestral strings are muted, and the dynamic throughout is pianissimo or softer. The harp, playing arpeggios, and the solo violin accompany continuously until the word "stumm", at which point the horns enter. The violin and harp reenter after "Schweigen', and the horns fall silent until the last few bars. The last chord is joined by a solo horn.^[3] A performance lasts about 3 1/2 minutes.

The other three songs of Strauss's Opus 27 are:

• No. 1 "Ruhe, meine Seele!" (Nicht ein Lüftchen regt sich leise)
• No. 2 "Cäcilie" (Wenn du es wüßtest)
• No. 3 "Heimliche Aufforderung" (Auf, hebe die funkelnde Schale)

• "Morgen!" from Four Songs, Op. 27: Scores at the International Music Score Library Project
• Sheet music for Morgen
• Text and translations for Morgen
• Harmonic analysis on YouTube, by David Bennett Thomas (University of the Arts (Philadelphia)); Claudine Ledoux (mezzo-soprano), Olga Gross (harp), Olivier Thouin (violin)