Lesser moa

Lesser moa; Temporal range: Pleistocene-Holocene
	Skeleton of the eastern moa (Emeus crassus) in Musee des Confluences, Lyon
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Infraclass:	Palaeognathae
Order:	†Dinornithiformes
Family:	†Emeidae; (Bonaparte, 1854)
Type species
	Emeus crassus; (Owen, 1846) Reichenbach 1853 non Parker 1895
Species
	Anomalopteryx didiformis Bush moa ; Emeus crassus Eastern moa; Euryapteryx curtus Broad-billed moa ; Pachyornis elephantopus Heavy-footed moa ; Pachyornis geranoides Mantell's moa Pachyornis australis Crested moa

The lesser moa^[a] (family Emeidae) were a family in the moa order Dinornithiformes. About two-thirds of all moa species are in the lesser moa family.^[2] The moa were ratites from New Zealand. Ratites are flightless birds with a sternum without a keel. They also have a distinctive palate. The origin of the ratites is becoming clearer as it is now believed that early ancestors of these birds were able to fly and flew to the southern areas that they have been found in.^[3]

Species

The currently recognised genera and species are:^[3]^[4]

Genus Anomalopteryx
- Bush moa, Anomalopteryx didiformis (North and South Island, New Zealand)
Genus Emeus
- Eastern moa, Emeus crassus (South Island, New Zealand)
Genus Euryapteryx
- Broad-billed moa, Euryapteryx curtus (North and South Island, New Zealand)
Genus Pachyornis
- Heavy-footed moa, Pachyornis elephantopus (South Island, New Zealand)
- Mantell's moa, Pachyornis geranoides (North Island, New Zealand)
- Crested moa, Pachyornis australis (South Island, New Zealand)

Notes

^ The word “moa” is from the Māori language, and is both singular and plural. Usage in New Zealand English and in the scientific literature in recent years has been changing to reflect this.

References

^ ^a ^b Checklist Committee Ornithological Society of New Zealand (2010). "Checklist-of-Birds of New Zealand, Norfolk and Macquarie Islands and the Ross Dependency Antarctica" (PDF). Te Papa Press. Retrieved 4 January 2016.
^ "moa | Size, Extinction, & Facts | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 2022-05-11.
^ ^a ^b Davies, S.J.J.F. (2003). "Moas". In Hutchins, Michael (ed.). Grzimek's Animal Life Encyclopedia. Vol. 8 Birds I Tinamous and Ratites to Hoatzins (2 ed.). Farmington Hills, MI: Gale Group. pp. 95–98. ISBN 978-0-7876-5784-0.
^ Stephenson, Brent (5 January 2009). "New Zealand Recognised Bird Names (NZRBN) database". New Zealand: Ornithological Society of New Zealand. Archived from the original on 25 April 2015. Retrieved 10 May 2022.

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[2] The word “moa” is from the Māori language, and is both singular and plural. Usage in New Zealand English and in the scientific literature in recent years has been changing to reflect this.

[nzbirdtaxalist-1] Checklist Committee Ornithological Society of New Zealand (2010). "Checklist-of-Birds of New Zealand, Norfolk and Macquarie Islands and the Ross Dependency Antarctica" (PDF). Te Papa Press. Retrieved 4 January 2016.

[3] "moa | Size, Extinction, & Facts | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 2022-05-11.

[:0-4] Davies, S.J.J.F. (2003). "Moas". In Hutchins, Michael (ed.). Grzimek's Animal Life Encyclopedia. Vol. 8 Birds I Tinamous and Ratites to Hoatzins (2 ed.). Farmington Hills, MI: Gale Group. pp. 95–98. ISBN 978-0-7876-5784-0.

[5] Stephenson, Brent (5 January 2009). "New Zealand Recognised Bird Names (NZRBN) database". New Zealand: Ornithological Society of New Zealand. Archived from the original on 25 April 2015. Retrieved 10 May 2022.

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