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Jimmy Carter (boxer)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jimmy Carter
Carter, circa 1951
Born
James Walter Carter

(1923-12-15)December 15, 1923
Aiken, South Carolina, U.S.
DiedSeptember 21, 1994(1994-09-21) (aged 70)
Statistics
Weight(s)Lightweight
Height5 ft 6 in (168 cm)
Reach68 in (173 cm)
StanceOrthodox
Boxing record
Total fights125
Wins85
Wins by KO34
Losses31
Draws9

James Walter Carter (December 15, 1923, in Aiken, SC – September 21, 1994) was a world lightweight boxing champion three times between 1951 and 1955. His managers included Jimmy Roche and Willie Ketchum. He was inducted into the International Boxing Hall of Fame in 2000. Carter's loss to Lauro Salas in 1952 and his loss to Paddy DeMarco in 1954 were each named Ring Magazine upset of the year. His professional record was 80-31-9 with 32 knockouts.[1][2][3][4]

Early life

[edit]

James Walter Carter was born on December 15, 1923, in Aiken, South Carolina, but his family moved to New York when he was nine. Carter began to use his fists defending himself on the streets of Harlem, but later received training at a Catholic Boys Club, making his amateur debut at the age of fourteen.[2] Beginning as a professional fighter in New York in 1946, he won 22 of his first 26 fights.[1]

First taking the World Lightweight Championship, May 1951

[edit]

On May 25, 1951, Carter took the World Lightweight Championship from reigning champion Ike Williams in a fourteenth-round TKO at Madison Square Garden. Williams was down in the fifth, tenth, and fourteenth rounds.[1] Carter knocked Williams to the mat a total of four times, and was leading the scorecards of all three officials before the bout was stopped. In the fifth round, Williams was dropped to the canvas for a five count, and never was the same. Surprisingly, Carter was not at all well known at the time of the bout, and his victory was considered an upset.[5]

In his first title defense before 7,251 fans on November 14, 1951, he went up against Art Aragon at the Olympic Stadium in Los Angeles, winning in a fifteen-round unanimous decision. Aragon was down in both the sixth and fifteenth rounds, but claimed after the fight that a left to his jaw in the twelfth is what finally did him in.[1] It was an easy win for Carter, as Aragon lacked the skills to take down the world champion. Aragon took a severe beating in the last four rounds that sealed the victory for Carter.[3] Carter had oddly lost to Aragon on August 28 of that year in a fifteen-round split decision at the same location. Some boxing writers speculated he may have thrown the fight on purpose. Some even believed Carter was controlled by mafia kingpin Frankie Carbo.[4]

He lost the title on May 14, 1952, against Lauro Salas at the Olympic Auditorium in Los Angeles in a fifteen-round split decision that was a jarring upset for many.[1] The decision was a controversial one, and many boxing writers disagreed with the official' final ruling for Sales.[6]

Taking the World Lightweight Championship for the second time, October 1952

[edit]

Carter took the World Lightweight Championship for a second time on October 15, 1952, against Mexican national Lauro Salas in a fifteen around unanimous decision at the Chicago Stadium before a small crowd of 5,283.[1] In a sweeping victory, which saw far more damage to Salas, the officials gave all but two of the rounds to Carter and his terrific left hook.[7]

On April 24, 1953, he staged a title defense against Tommy Collins before a substantial crowd of 12,477 at Boston Garden, winning in a fourth-round TKO. Collins' corner men ended the fight after their boxer had been knocked to the canvas ten times in the final two rounds. Both the TV audience and the crowd, who were largely fans of Collins, protested the continuation of such a brutal, and one sided bout.[8] He next fought George Araujo on June 12, 1953, in a lightweight world title bout at Madison Square Garden, winning in a thirteenth-round TKO.[1]

On March 5, 1954, Carter lost his second World Lightweight Championship against Paddy DeMarco in a fifteen-round unanimous decision at New York's Madison Square Garden.[1] DeMarco, a 4–1, underdog won the decision with ease rocking the crowd of 5,730 with a remarkable upset. Carter tried for a knockout throughout the bout, but DeMarco scored continuously with fleet footwork and a punishing left. Both judges gave DeMarco nine rounds, with the referee giving him seven.[9]

Taking the World Lightweight Championship for third and final time, November 1954

[edit]

On November 17, 1954, Carter took the lightweight championship back from Paddy DeMarco in a fifteen-round TKO at the Cow Palace, in Daily City, California. DeMarco was down in the ninth and fourteenth rounds. Carter had lost his title to DeMarco only seven months earlier.[1]

Carter lost the title for the last time to Wallace "Bud" Smith at Boston Garden in a fifteen-round split decision on June 29, 1955.[1] Though the bout was close, Carter took one of the worst beatings of his career from Smith requiring fifteen stitches over his eyes. Smith himself needed three stitches to fix a cut over his own eye. The crowd of only 1,983 saw a razor close, hotly contested title match. Two of the officials gave a margin of only one point between the two boxers.[10]

Carter died of a heart attack on September 21, 1994, at the age of 70.[2]

Professional boxing record

[edit]
125 fights 85 wins 31 losses
By knockout 34 3
By decision 51 28
Draws 9
No. Result Record Opponent Type Round Date Location Notes
125 Loss 85–31–9 Luis Garduno PTS 10 Apr 1, 1960 Rendezvous Park, Mesa, Arizona, U.S.
124 Loss 85–30–9 Jimmy Grow UD 10 Feb 25, 1960 Fairgrounds Arena, Boise, Idaho, U.S.
123 Loss 85–29–9 Art Ramponi PTS 10 Nov 24, 1959 Auditorium, Oakland, California, U.S.
122 Win 85–28–9 Kildo Nunez KO 4 (10) Nov 10, 1959 Auditorium, Richmond, California, U.S.
121 Win 84–28–9 Jimmy Smith KO 3 (10) Oct 13, 1959 Auditorium, Richmond, California, U.S.
120 Win 83–28–9 Kildo Nunez PTS 10 Aug 11, 1959 San Jose, California, U.S.
119 Loss 82–28–9 Rudy Jordan TKO 6 (10) Sep 23, 1958 Memorial Auditorium, Fresno, California, U.S.
118 Loss 82–27–9 Al Nevarez UD 10 Sep 9, 1958 Plaza de Toros, Ciudad Juarez, Chihuahua, Mexico
117 Win 82–26–9 Jimmy Grow TKO 7 (10) Jul 19, 1958 Legion Stadium, Hollywood, California, U.S.
116 Loss 81–26–9 Joey Lopes SD 10 Mar 11, 1958 Memorial Auditorium, Sacramento, California, U.S.
115 Loss 81–25–9 Joey Lopes UD 10 Jan 14, 1958 Memorial Auditorium, Sacramento, California, U.S.
114 Loss 81–24–9 Willie Toweel PTS 10 Oct 8, 1957 Royal Albert Hall, Kensington, London, England
113 Win 81–23–9 Mickey Northrup UD 10 Sep 7, 1957 Legion Stadium, Hollywood, California, U.S.
112 Win 80–23–9 Buddy McDonald UD 10 May 23, 1957 Interstate Fairgrounds, Spokane, California, U.S.
111 Loss 79–23–9 Larry Boardman TKO 8 (10) Sep 11, 1956 Boston Garden, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.
110 Win 79–22–9 Lauro Salas UD 10 Jun 21, 1956 Olympic Auditorium, Los Angeles, California, U.S.
109 Loss 78–22–9 Art Aragon UD 10 May 3, 1956 Olympic Auditorium, Los Angeles, California, U.S.
108 Win 78–21–9 Don Jordan UD 10 Mar 29, 1956 Olympic Auditorium, Los Angeles, California, U.S.
107 Win 77–21–9 Phil Burton PTS 10 Mar 5, 1956 The Tower, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
106 Loss 76–21–9 Cisco Andrade SD 10 Feb 1, 1956 Chicago Stadium, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.
105 Loss 76–20–9 Wallace Bud Smith UD 15 Oct 19, 1955 Cincinnati Gardens, Cincinnati, Ohio, U.S. For NYSAC, NBA, and The Ring lightweight titles
104 Loss 76–19–9 Wallace Bud Smith SD 15 Jun 29, 1955 Boston Garden, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S. Lost NYSAC, NBA, and The Ring lightweight titles
103 Loss 76–18–9 Orlando Zulueta SD 10 Apr 20, 1955 Uline Arena, Washington, District of Columbia, U.S.
102 Draw 76–17–9 Tony DeMarco PTS 10 Feb 11, 1955 Boston Garden, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.
101 Win 76–17–8 Bobby Woods UD 10 Jan 26, 1955 Coliseum, Spokane, California, U.S.
100 Win 75–17–8 Paddy DeMarco TKO 15 (15) Nov 17, 1954 Cow Palace, Daly City, California, U.S. Won NYSAC, NBA, and The Ring lightweight titles
99 Win 74–17–8 Freddie Herman UD 10 Sep 22, 1954 Cow Palace, Daly City, California, U.S.
98 Win 73–17–8 Glen Flanagan UD 10 Aug 4, 1954 Chicago Stadium, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.
97 Win 72–17–8 Charley Riley KO 2 (10) Jun 2, 1954 Madison Square Garden, New York City, New York, U.S.
96 Loss 71–17–8 Paddy DeMarco UD 15 Mar 5, 1954 Madison Square Garden, New York City, New York, U.S. Lost NYSAC, NBA, and The Ring lightweight titles
95 Win 71–16–8 Billy Lauderdale UD 10 Feb 8, 1954 Nassau, Bahamas
94 Win 70–16–8 Armand Savoie KO 5 (15) Nov 11, 1953 Forum, Montreal, Quebec, Canada Retained NYSAC, NBA, and The Ring lightweight titles
93 Win 69–16–8 Carlos Chavez TKO 6 (10) Oct 15, 1953 Olympic Auditorium, Los Angeles, California, U.S.
92 Win 68–16–8 Abdelkader Ben Miloud TKO 8 (10) Sep 28, 1953 War Memorial Arena, Johnstown, Pennsylvania, U.S.
91 Loss 67–16–8 Johnny Cunningham SD 10 Sep 12, 1953 Bayfront Park Auditorium, Miami, Florida, U.S.
90 Win 67–15–8 George Araujo TKO 13 (15) Jun 12, 1953 Madison Square Garden, New York City, New York, U.S. Retained NYSAC, NBA, and The Ring lightweight titles
89 Win 66–15–8 Tommy Collins TKO 4 (15) Feb 24, 1953 Boston Garden, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S. Retained NYSAC, NBA, and The Ring lightweight titles
88 Loss 65–15–8 Armand Savoie SD 10 Feb 16, 1953 Forum, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
87 Loss 65–14–8 Eddie Chavez SD 10 Jan 12, 1953 Winterland Arena, San Francisco, California, U.S.
86 Draw 65–13–8 Freddie Herman MD 10 Dec 16, 1952 Memorial Auditorium, Sacramento, California, U.S.
85 Win 65–13–7 Archie Whitewater UD 10 Dec 9, 1952 Auditorium, Oakland, California, U.S.
84 Win 64–13–7 Lauro Salas UD 15 Oct 15, 1952 Chicago Stadium, Chicago, Illinois, U.S. Won NYSAC, NBA, and The Ring lightweight titles
83 Win 63–13–7 Basil Marie UD 10 Sep 1, 1952 Dartmouth Ball Park, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada
82 Loss 62–13–7 Lauro Salas SD 15 May 14, 1952 Olympic Auditorium, Los Angeles, California, U.S. Lost NYSAC, NBA, and The Ring lightweight titles
81 Win 62–12–7 Lauro Salas UD 15 Apr 1, 1952 Olympic Auditorium, Los Angeles, California, U.S. Retained NYSAC, NBA, and The Ring lightweight titles
80 Win 61–12–7 Luther Rawlings SD 10 Mar 12, 1952 Chicago Stadium, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.
79 Win 60–12–7 Allan McFater UD 9 Feb 5, 1952 Maple Leaf Gardens, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
78 Win 59–12–7 Mario Trigo MD 10 Jan 21, 1952 Arena, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.
77 Win 58–12–7 Art Aragon UD 15 Nov 14, 1951 Olympic Auditorium, Los Angeles, California, U.S. Retained NYSAC, NBA, and The Ring lightweight titles
76 Loss 57–12–7 Art Aragon SD 10 Aug 28, 1951 Olympic Auditorium, Los Angeles, California, U.S.
75 Win 57–11–7 Mario Trigo UD 10 Aug 14, 1951 Olympic Auditorium, Los Angeles, California, U.S.
74 Win 56–11–7 Del Flanagan RTD 6 (10) Aug 2, 1951 Auditorium, Minneapolis, Minnesota, U.S.
73 Win 55–11–7 Enrique Bolanos TKO 7 (10) Jul 10, 1951 Olympic Auditorium, Los Angeles, California, U.S.
72 Win 54–11–7 Ronnie Harper KO 5 (10) Jul 2, 1951 I.M.A. Auditorium, Flint, Michigan, U.S.
71 Win 53–11–7 Chick Boucher KO 4 (10) Jun 18, 1951 Casino, Fall River, Massachusetts, U.S.
70 Win 52–11–7 Ike Williams TKO 14 (15) May 25, 1951 Madison Square Garden, New York City, New York, U.S. Won NYSAC, NBA, and The Ring lightweight titles
69 Loss 51–11–7 Percy Bassett UD 10 Mar 5, 1951 Arena, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.
68 Win 51–10–7 Percy Bassett UD 10 Feb 7, 1951 St. Nicholas Arena, New York City, New York, U.S.
67 Loss 50–10–7 Calvin Smith SD 10 Jan 30, 1951 Arena, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.
66 Draw 50–9–7 Tommy Campbell UD 10 Oct 6, 1950 Coliseum Arena, New Orleans, Louisiana, U.S.
65 Win 50–9–6 Jesse Underwood UD 10 Jul 25, 1950 Parkway Arena, Cincinnati, Ohio, U.S.
64 Win 49–9–6 Wallace Bud Smith UD 10 Mar 28, 1950 Music Hall Arena, Cincinnati, Ohio, U.S.
63 Loss 48–9–6 Rudy Cruz MD 10 Nov 29, 1949 Olympic Auditorium, Los Angeles, California, U.S.
62 Win 48–8–6 Bernie Hall PTS 12 Oct 28, 1949 West Melbourne Stadium, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
61 Win 47–8–6 Charlie Ashenden KO 4 (12) Oct 4, 1949 Sydney Stadium, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
60 Loss 46–8–6 Norm Gent PTS 12 Sep 16, 1949 West Melbourne Stadium, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
59 Win 46–7–6 Mario Trigo KO 6 (10) May 23, 1949 Ocean Park Arena, Santa Monica, California, U.S.
58 Win 45–7–6 Archie Whitewater KO 6 (10) Apr 22, 1949 National Hall, San Francisco, California, U.S.
57 Win 44–7–6 Nick Diaz TKO 6 (10) Apr 4, 1949 Ocean Park Arena, Santa Monica, California, U.S.
56 Win 43–7–6 Talmadge Bussey PTS 10 Jan 31, 1949 Arena Gardens, Detroit, Michigan, U.S.
55 Win 42–7–6 Harold Jones SD 10 Jan 17, 1949 St. Nicholas Arena, New York City, New York, U.S.
54 Win 41–7–6 Louis Joyce UD 10 Dec 6, 1948 Valley Arena, Holyoke, Massachusetts, U.S.
53 Loss 40–7–6 Sonny Boy West UD 10 Nov 1, 1948 Coliseum, Baltimore, Maryland, U.S.
52 Win 40–6–6 Issac Jenkins PTS 8 (10) Sep 27, 1948 Arena, New Haven, Connecticut, U.S.
51 Win 39–6–6 Joey Angelo UD 10 Aug 30, 1948 Century Stadium, West Springfield, Massachusetts, U.S.
50 Win 38–6–6 George Bradford Smith UD 10 Aug 9, 1948 Century Stadium, West Springfield, Massachusetts, U.S.
49 Win 37–6–6 Julie Kogon RTD 7 (10) Jul 26, 1948 Century Stadium, West Springfield, Massachusetts, U.S.
48 Draw 36–6–6 Woody Winslow PTS 10 Jul 20, 1948 Jerome Stadium, Bronx, New York City, New York, U.S.
47 Win 36–6–5 Wilfredo Miro PTS 10 Jul 12, 1948 Century Stadium, West Springfield, Massachusetts, U.S.
46 Win 35–6–5 Phil Burton PTS 10 Jun 29, 1948 Century Stadium, West Springfield, Massachusetts, U.S.
45 Loss 34–6–5 Bobby McQuillar PTS 10 May 21, 1948 Pelican Stadium, New Orleans, Louisiana, U.S.
44 Win 34–5–5 Willie Russell PTS 10 Apr 17, 1948 Music Hall Arena, Cincinnati, Ohio, U.S.
43 Win 33–5–5 Calvin Smith PTS 8 Mar 29, 1948 Boston Garden, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.
42 Win 32–5–5 Charley Cabby Lewis PTS 10 Mar 9, 1948 Auditorium, Hartford, Connecticut, U.S.
41 Win 31–5–5 Thompson Harmon PTS 8 Jan 27, 1948 Auditorium, Hartford, Connecticut, U.S.
40 Draw 30–5–5 Al Pennino PTS 8 Dec 9, 1947 Auditorium, Hartford, Connecticut, U.S.
39 Loss 30–5–4 Charley Cabey Lewis TKO 7 (10) Nov 18, 1947 Auditorium, Hartford, Connecticut, U.S.
38 Draw 30–4–4 Danny Williams PTS 8 Oct 27, 1947 Arena, New Haven, Connecticut, U.S.
37 Draw 30–4–3 Danny Williams PTS 8 Sep 29, 1947 Arena, New Haven, Connecticut, U.S.
36 Win 30–4–2 Patsy Spataro RTD 7 (8) Sep 16, 1947 Jerome Stadium, Bronx, New York City, New York, U.S.
35 Win 29–4–2 Henry Polowitzer PTS 8 Sep 8, 1947 Arena, New Haven, Connecticut, U.S.
34 Win 28–4–2 Matt Parker TKO 8 (8) Aug 11, 1947 Fair Grounds Arena, Allentown, Pennsylvania, U.S.
33 Win 27–4–2 Thompson Harmon TKO 5 (6) Jul 22, 1947 Jerome Stadium, Bronx, New York City, New York, U.S.
32 Draw 26–4–2 Sandy Saddler MD 10 Jun 3, 1947 Griffith Stadium, Washington, District of Columbia, U.S.
31 Win 26–4–1 Mario Chico Morales KO 7 (8) May 27, 1947 Jerome Stadium, Bronx, New York City, New York, U.S.
30 Win 25–4–1 Johnny Johnson PTS 8 May 12, 1947 St. Nicholas Arena, New York City, New York, U.S.
29 Loss 24–4–1 Joe Brown PTS 10 Apr 18, 1947 Coliseum Arena, New Orleans, Louisiana, U.S.
28 Win 24–3–1 Walter Stevens PTS 6 Mar 28, 1947 Madison Square Garden, New York City, New York, U.S.
27 Win 23–3–1 Eddie White RTD 3 (8) Mar 18, 1947 Park Arena, Bronx, New York City, New York, U.S.
26 Win 22–3–1 Walter Cabey Lewis PTS 6 Feb 24, 1947 St. Nicholas Arena, New York City, New York, U.S.
25 Win 21–3–1 Leo Methot PTS 6 Jan 20, 1947 Forum, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
24 Win 20–3–1 Walter Keene PTS 8 Jan 7, 1947 Park Arena, Bronx, New York City, New York, U.S.
23 Win 19–3–1 Ruby Garcia TKO 3 (8) Dec 17, 1946 Park Arena, Bronx, New York City, New York, U.S.
22 Win 18–3–1 Eddie Smith PTS 8 Dec 2, 1946 St. Nicholas Arena, New York City, New York, U.S.
21 Win 17–3–1 Billy Williams TKO 7 (8) Nov 5, 1946 Park Arena, Bronx, New York City, New York, U.S.
20 Win 16–3–1 Charley Noel PTS 8 Oct 19, 1946 Forum Arena, Bronx, New York City, New York, U.S.
19 Win 15–3–1 Paul Midiri UD 8 Oct 2, 1946 Jamaica Arena, Jamaica, Queens, New York City, New York, U.S.
18 Loss 14–3–1 Danny Carabella SD 8 Sep 16, 1946 Coney Island Velodrome, Brooklyn, New York City, New York, U.S.
17 Win 14–2–1 Johnny Johnson KO 4 (6) Sep 5, 1946 Sterling Oval, Bronx, New York City, New York, U.S.
16 Win 13–2–1 Al Turner KO 5 (6) Aug 26, 1946 Coney Island Velodrome, Brooklyn, New York City, New York, U.S.
15 Loss 12–2–1 Ray Lewis PTS 6 Aug 12, 1946 Sterling Oval, Bronx, New York City, New York, U.S.
14 Draw 12–1–1 Paul Midiri PTS 6 Jul 29, 1946 Queensboro Arena, Long Island City, Queens, New York City, New York, U.S.
13 Win 12–1 Joey Monteiro PTS 6 Jul 9, 1946 Crystal Arena, Norwalk, Connecticut, U.S.
12 Win 11–1 Lou Langley KO 1 (6) Jun 12, 1946 Forum Arena, Bronx, New York City, New York, U.S.
11 Loss 10–1 Johnny LaRusso PTS 4 May 31, 1946 Madison Square Garden, New York City, New York, U.S.
10 Win 10–0 Leo LeBrun PTS 6 May 28, 1946 Park Arena, Bronx, New York City, New York, U.S.
9 Win 9–0 Lou Daniels KO 3 (?) May 7, 1946 Park Arena, Bronx, New York City, New York, U.S.
8 Win 8–0 Johnny LaRusso PTS 6 May 1, 1946 Jamaica Arena, Jamaica, Queens, New York City, New York, U.S.
7 Win 7–0 George Wright PTS 6 Apr 19, 1946 St. Nicholas Arena, New York City, New York, U.S.
6 Win 6–0 Clifton Bordies KO 1 (4) Apr 16, 1946 Park Arena, Bronx, New York City, New York, U.S.
5 Win 5–0 Ray Morris KO 4 (6) Apr 8, 1946 Laurel Garden, Newark, New Jersey, U.S.
4 Win 4–0 Joe Krikis PTS 4 Apr 5, 1946 St. Nicholas Arena, New York City, New York, U.S.
3 Win 3–0 Harry Diduck PTS 6 Mar 28, 1946 Armory, Orange, New Jersey, U.S.
2 Win 2–0 Richard Bohri TKO 4 (6) Mar 21, 1946 Armory, Orange, New Jersey, U.S.
1 Win 1–0 Clifton Bordies PTS 4 Mar 14, 1946 Armory, Orange, New Jersey, U.S.

Achievements

[edit]
Achievements
Preceded by World Lightweight Champion
25 May 1951 – 14 May 1952 		Succeeded by
Preceded by World Lightweight Champion
15 October 1952 – 5 March 1954 		Succeeded by
Preceded by World Lightweight Champion
17 November 1954 – 29 June 1955 		Succeeded by

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j "Jimmy Carter". BoxRec. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
  2. ^ a b c "Jimmy Carter". BoxRec Bio. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
  3. ^ a b "Carter Ready for Anybody, Anytime", The Minneapolis Star, Minneapolis, Minnesota, pg. 49, 15 November 1951
  4. ^ a b "Jimmy Carter". Cyber Boxing Zone. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
  5. ^ Rose, Murray, "Ike Williams is Defeated By Unknown", The News-Palladium, Benton Harbor, Michigan, pg. 6, 25 May 1851
  6. ^ "Mexico's Lauro Sales Pounds Out Upset Win Over Champion" Denton Record-Chronicle, Denton, Texas, pg. 9, 15 May 1952
  7. ^ Chamberland, Charles, "Carter Wins Back Crown From Salas", The Decatur Daily Review, Decatur, Illinois, pg. 38, 16 October 1952
  8. ^ King Bill, "Jimmy Carter Scores TKO Over Tommy Collins in the 4th", The Morning News, Wilmington, Delaware, pg. 23, 25 April 1953
  9. ^ Rose, Murray, "Carter Loses Title to Unsung DeMarco", Star Tribune, Minneapolis, Minnesota, pg. 10, 06 March 1954
  10. ^ Hoobing, Bob, "Smith Wins Lightweight Title From Carter", The Bridgeport Telegram, Bridgeport, Connecticut, pg. 80, 30 June 1955

References

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